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PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN991
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Workers’ Health in the Regionof the Americas
Workers’ Health in the Regionof the Americas
REGIONAL
PLAN
REGIONAL
PLAN
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN992
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Worker’s HealthWorker’s Health
Strategic and
Programatic
Orientations
1999-2002
Strategic and
Programatic
Orientations
1999-2002
Resolution XIV1990
Resolution XIV1990
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN993
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Worker’s HealthWorker’s Health
Current Situation
Trends
Inequities
Institutional Vacuum
Current Situation
Trends
Inequities
Institutional Vacuum
ResponseResponse
Regional Plan of Workers’ HealthRegional Plan of Workers’ Health
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN994
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Worker’s HealthWorker’s Health
Human Sustainable Development
Human Sustainable Development
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN995
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Economically Active Population (EAP)
Economically Active Population (EAP)
EAP Region
EAP USA and Canada
EAP Latin America and
Caribbean
EAP Region
EAP USA and Canada
EAP Latin America and
Caribbean
351 millions 100%
150 Millions 42.5%
201 Millions 57.5%
351 millions 100%
150 Millions 42.5%
201 Millions 57.5%
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN996
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Determinants factorsDeterminants factors
Labor Market - IncomeLabor Market - Income
Work OrganizationWork Organization
Labor Force CompositionLabor Force Composition
Occupational RisksOccupational Risks
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN997
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Transitional Economies
- Multinationals Corporations
- Medium - Small Industries
- Informal Sector
51.6% Informal Sector
20- 40% Incomes below cost of
basic Market Baket
8.5% Unemploment
Transitional Economies
- Multinationals Corporations
- Medium - Small Industries
- Informal Sector
51.6% Informal Sector
20- 40% Incomes below cost of
basic Market Baket
8.5% Unemploment
Work ProfilesWork Profiles
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN998
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Social - Environmental - SanitaryInequities
Social - Environmental - SanitaryInequities
* Income differences rich/poor: 20:1
* Formal Sector with Occupational Services: 30%
* Informal Worker:> Risks< Income< Protection< Access
* High Risk groups: Women, Children, Migrants, Indigenous, Elderly
* Income differences rich/poor: 20:1
* Formal Sector with Occupational Services: 30%
* Informal Worker:> Risks< Income< Protection< Access
* High Risk groups: Women, Children, Migrants, Indigenous, Elderly
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN999
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Profile of the Working Woman Profile of the Working Woman
Participation Rate 45%
Women labor force remunerated 30%
Informal Work 30-50%
Average hrs/week 80
Salary Difference Men-Women 40-71%
Participation Rate 45%
Women labor force remunerated 30%
Informal Work 30-50%
Average hrs/week 80
Salary Difference Men-Women 40-71%
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9910
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Profile child laborProfile child labor
- LAC 15 millions (OIT)- LAC 15 millions (OIT)
- USA 4 millions (OIT)- 20% children 10-14 years old working
- USA 4 millions (OIT)- 20% children 10-14 years old working
(UNICEF)
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9911
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Risk ProfilesRisk Profiles
• Ergonomic
• Biological
• Physical
• Chemical
• Psychosocial
• Ergonomic
• Biological
• Physical
• Chemical
• Psychosocial
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9912
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Risk profilesRisk profiles
Hypertension
Poor access to drinking water and unhealthy sanitation
Alcohol consumption
MalnutriciónMalnutrition
Lack of physical activity
High-risk sexual behavior
Employment
Tobacco use
Atmospheric pollution
Drug abuse
00 5050 100100 150150 200200 250250
Number of deaths
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9913
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Risk ProfilesRisk Profiles
00 10001000 20002000 30003000 40004000 50005000 60006000 70007000
Years of Life with Disability
Fuente: Murray, CJL, et al. " The Global Burden of Disease". 1996Fuente: Murray, CJL, et al. " The Global Burden of Disease". 1996
HypertensionHypertension
Poor access to drinking water and unhealthy sanitation
Poor access to drinking water and unhealthy sanitation
Alcohol consumptionAlcohol consumption
MalnutritionMalnutrition
Lack of physical activityLack of physical activity
High-risk sexual behaviorHigh-risk sexual behavior
EmploymentEmployment
Tobacco useTobacco use
Atmospheric pollutionAtmospheric pollution
Drug abuseDrug abuse
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9914
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
• 36 Injuries/minute• 5 Million /year• 90,000 fatal injuries• 300 workers die daily
• 36 Injuries/minute• 5 Million /year• 90,000 fatal injuries• 300 workers die daily
Impact: OccupationalInjuries
Impact: OccupationalInjuries
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9915
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Notified Occupational Diseases and InjuriesCalifornia, USA 1989
Notified Occupational Diseases and InjuriesCalifornia, USA 1989
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Hepatitis
AIDS
Shigellosis
Salmonellosis
Tuberculosis
Measles
Amebiasis
Chicken pox
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Hepatitis
AIDS
Shigellosis
Salmonellosis
Tuberculosis
Measles
Amebiasis
Chicken pox
Repetitive stress injuries
Contusions, lacerations
Fractures
Burns
Acute pesticide poisoning
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Cancer
Pneumoconiosis
Amputation
Lead poisoning
Repetitive stress injuries
Contusions, lacerations
Fractures
Burns
Acute pesticide poisoning
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Cancer
Pneumoconiosis
Amputation
Lead poisoning
74,19574,195
18,10618,106
11,08111,081
6,4816,481
5,2245,224
4,2124,212
1,5681,568
3,0533,053
1,0001,000
5,4685,468
40,49040,490
9,7409,740
2,1182,118
1,8001,800
1,5961,596
1,0001,000
1,1001,100
2,0242,024
103,270103,270
199,038199,038
OccupationalsOccupationalsTransmisiblesTransmisibles
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9916
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Occupational DiseasesOccupational Diseases
Notification in Latin America And
The Caribbean
1% - 5% of all cases
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9917
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
UnemploymentUnemployment
Social
Injustice
Syndrome
Social
Injustice
Syndrome
OccupationalCancer
OccupationalCancer
ReproductiveProblems
ReproductiveProblems
Occupationalstress
Occupationalstress
OsteomuscularProblemas
OsteomuscularProblemas AccidentsAccidents
Hearing LossHearing LossCardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular Diseases
Endemic diseasesEndemic diseases
Homicides Suicides Violence
Homicides Suicides Violence
AlcoholismAlcoholism
PoisoningPoisoning
RespiratoryProblems
RespiratoryProblems
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9918
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Workers’ HealthResponse
Workers’ HealthResponse
Labor OrganizationsPrivate sector Organizations
National Governments
Other key actors- Collaborating Centers- NGOs- Universities- Media
International Organizations
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9919
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
Regional Plan for Workers’ HealthPrinciples
Regional Plan for Workers’ HealthPrinciples
• Universality
• Equity
• Participation
• Comprehensive
• Coherence
• Opportunity
• Universality
• Equity
• Participation
• Comprehensive
• Coherence
• Opportunity
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9920
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
REGIONAL PLAN: purposeREGIONAL PLAN: purpose
To contribute to an improvement in the working environment, living conditions, health status and general well-being of workers, to advance towards sustainable human development with equity and social justice
To contribute to an improvement in the working environment, living conditions, health status and general well-being of workers, to advance towards sustainable human development with equity and social justice
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9921
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
REGIONAL PLAN : Programatic AreasREGIONAL PLAN : Programatic Areas
Policy andLegislationPolicy andLegislation
Political normative frame work
Political normative frame work
Primary Health CarePrimary Health Care
ComprehensiveHealth ServicesComprehensiveHealth Services
Primary PreventionPrimary Prevention
Quality of Work Environment
Quality of Work Environment
Healthy WorkplacesHealthy Workplaces
Workers’ Health Promotion
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9922
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health OrganizationWORKERS’ HEALTH
PREVENTION
WORKERS’ HEALTHPREVENTIONPremarket Testing
Substitution and Elimination
Engineering Control
Environmental Monitoring
Personal Protective Devices
PrimaryPrevention Primary
Prevention
Biological Monitoring
Preclinical Medical Examination
SecundaryPrevention
SecundaryPrevention
Diagnosis
Therapy
Rehabilitation
TertiaryPrevention
TertiaryPrevention
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9923
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
REGIONAL PLAN : Environmental Quality
REGIONAL PLAN : Environmental Quality
• Surveillance systems and Hazard controlSuavidero- Saiso
• Collection and Distribution of Information
• Development of human resouces: Industrial Higiene, Ergonomics, Toxicology, Epidemiology others.
• Instruments and programs for intervention
• Surveillance systems and Hazard controlSuavidero- Saiso
• Collection and Distribution of Information
• Development of human resouces: Industrial Higiene, Ergonomics, Toxicology, Epidemiology others.
• Instruments and programs for intervention
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9924
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
REGIONAL PLAN :Policy and Legislation
REGIONAL PLAN :Policy and Legislation
• Explicit Policies• Modern Legislation• National - Subregional Plans• Reform Process• Integration Process• Development process
• Explicit Policies• Modern Legislation• National - Subregional Plans• Reform Process• Integration Process• Development process
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9925
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
REGIONAL PLAN: Worker’s Health Promotion
Healthy People in Healthy Environment
REGIONAL PLAN: Worker’s Health Promotion
Healthy People in Healthy Environment
• New Work Culture• Personal and Collective Development• Raising Awareness• Cummunity Participation• Primary Environmental Care• Healthy Cities, Healthy School, and other
• New Work Culture• Personal and Collective Development• Raising Awareness• Cummunity Participation• Primary Environmental Care• Healthy Cities, Healthy School, and other
PAHO-99PAHO-99
050TEN9926
Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization
REGIONAL PLAN: Comprehensive Health Services
REGIONAL PLAN: Comprehensive Health Services
• Prevention, Promotion, Medical care, Rehabilitation
• Ministry of Health• Social Security• Private Services• Workers’ Clinics
• Prevention, Promotion, Medical care, Rehabilitation
• Ministry of Health• Social Security• Private Services• Workers’ Clinics