Post on 09-May-2015
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Marvin Benjamin18 November 2011, Cape Town
Sustaining Cape Town
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“We all have a responsibility to learn how to live and develop sustainably in a world of finite resources.”– Archbishop Emeritus Desmond Tutu, 2009
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We live in the urban millennium…
Urban
Millenium
Major energy and climate factors
Cities consume 75% of the world’s energy
and produce 80% of CO2 emissions
Population
In 2007 ~50% of the world's
population was living in cities
Economic powerhouses
In 2008 the largest 100 cities accounted
for around 30% of global GDP
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…that has also dawned in Africa
Population
1950: Two African cities with populations >1 million
2010: Forty-seven such cities
2050: 60% urbanised (currently at 40%)
Economic powerhouses
African cities contribute 80% of the continent’s GDP
Large cities are economic centres (Lagos, Nairobi)
Globalisation impacting trade and infrastructure
Major energy and climate factors
Resource efficiency (energy and water) is key
Planning and good governance for sustainability
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2.56
2.89
3.70
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
1996 2001 2010
Year
Cape Town’s population growth in the urban millennium
2.4% p.a.
2.8% p.a.
Population growth strains existing infrastructure
and could increases greenhouse gas emissions.
Million
Expected in 2015
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Challenges in the urban millennium
Mobility
Over the past decade, traffic volumes grew by 3% p.a. leading to lengthier travel
delays and more accidents
Water
The demand for surface water is outstripping supply while adequate
maintenance of infrastructure remains a challenge
Energy
Energy consumption is largely derived from carbon intensive sources
Healthcare
Despite existing initiatives (disease management, better air quality) more can
be done (substance abuse) – investment needed
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Coal-based energy production – an environmental risk
Energy
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Traffic congestion –a health risk
Mobility
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There are however opportunities (1)
Energy
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There are however opportunities (2)
Mobility
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Cape Town is already pursuing sustainability with defined goals
Targeted reduction in CO2
(Million Tonnes)
2007 2014
20.0
22.7
10 278
2007 2012
-10%
Targeted reduction in electricity use (GWh)
Targeted transport modal splits
Year % public % private
Pre-2010 48% 52%
2010 50% 50%
2015 53% 47%
2020 57% 43%
Current 2020
Renewable Energy as % Total Energy
1%
10%
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Globally, cities pursue sustainability – an opportunity for engagement
ImplementedPlanned/DraftedNot planned
Activities / Programmes / Goals Cape Town Singapore CopenhagenSan
Francisco
Carbon reduction targets 12%(by 2014)
16%*(by 2020)
CO2 neutral(by 2025)
40%**(by 2025)
Green Building legislation
Waste-to-energy programme
Solar energy solutions
Wind energy solutions
Energy optimisation / retrofit
Electric vehicles for public/private mobility
*16% below business-as-usual levels** 40% below 1990 levels
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“...my administration will explore avenues to make
Cape Town a city desirable for green technology
firms“.
“The creation of economic opportunities will also
require a full appreciation of global trends with a
view to … fulfilling our responsibilities to the
environment.”
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What are cities doing on the sustainability path?
London
Low Emission Zone – battling air pollutionMasdar
Carbon neutral despite expansion of energy capacity
Abu Dhabi City
Desalination to address growing water demand
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Thank you for your time and attention!