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Lab Activity 2
Organ Systems
Martini Chapter 1, Pages 9-10
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Integumentary System
Structures: Skin, hair, sweat and oil glands
Function:
Forms external body covering
Protects deeper tissues from injury
Involved in vitamin D synthesis
Prevents desiccation, heat loss, and pathogen entry Site of pain and pressure receptors
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Skeletal System Structure: 206 bones of the human body
Function:
Protects and supports body organs
Provides a framework that muscles can use to
create movement
Hematopoiesis (synthesis of blood cells) Mineral storage
Bone contains 99% of the bodys store of calcium
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Muscular System
Structures: The 600+ muscles of the body
Function:
Locomotion
Manipulation of the environment
Maintaining posture
Thermogenesis (generation of heat)
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Nervous System
Structures: Brain, Spinal cord,
and peripheral nerves.
Function:
Fast-acting control system of the body
Monitoring of the internal and external environment
and responding (when necessary) by initiatingmuscular or glandular activity
Information Assessment
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Endocrine System Structures: Hormone Secreting Glands
Pituitary, Thyroid, Thymus, Pineal,
Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, SmallIntestine, Stomach, Testes, Ovaries,
Kidneys, Heart
Functions:
Long-term control system of the body
Regulates growth, reproduction, and
nutrient use among other things.
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Cardiovascular System
Structures:
Heart, Blood vessels (arteries, veins, and
capillaries)
Functions:
The heart pumps blood thru the blood vessels.
Blood provides the transport medium for nutrients(glucose, amino acids, lipids), gases (O2, CO2),
wastes (urea, creatinine), signaling molecules
(hormones), and heat.
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Lymphatic/Immune System
Structures: Lymphatic vessels, Lymph nodes, Spleen, Thymus,
Red bone marrow Functions:
Returning leaked fluid back to the bloodstream
Disposal of debris
Attacking and resisting foreign invaders (pathogensi.e., disease-causing organisms)
Absorption of fat from the digestive tract
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Respiratory System
Structures:
Nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
Functions: Constantly supply the blood with O2, and remove
CO2
Regulate blood pH
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Digestive System
Structures:
Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, rectum, salivary glands, pancreas,liver, gallbladder
Functions:
Ingestion and subsequent breakdown of food into
absorbable units that will enter the blood for
distribution to the bodys cells
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Urinary System
Structures:
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder,
urethra
Functions:
Removal of nitrogenous wastes Regulation of bodys levels of water, electrolytes,
and acidity
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Reproductive System
Structures:
Male:
Testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra,prostate gland, seminal vesicles, penis
Female:
Ovary, uterine tube, uterus, cervix, vagina, mammary
glands
Functions:
Making Babies