Oleh :

R. Irvan Sophian

Pemrosesan Data

Perkembangan Komputer

Perkembangan Hardware dan

Software

Efektif

Interaktif, menarik

Spasial & Non-spasial

Layer

Visual data spasial dengan atribut

User friendly

Variasi

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 5 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

• Identify the major types, trends, and uses of microcomputer, midrange, and mainframe computer systems.

• Outline the major technologies and uses of computer peripherals for input, output, and storage.

• Identify and give examples of the components and functions of a computer system.

• Identify the computer systems and peripherals you would acquire or recommend for a business of your choice, and explain the reasons for your selections.

Chapter Objectives

Tabel

Processing

Storage

(Database)

RetrievalINPUT

Data Lainnya

Foto Udara

Citra Satelit

Peta (tematik,

Topografi, dll)

Data Dijital Lain

Pengukuran

Lapangan

Laporan

Informasi Dijital

(Softcopy)

Laporan

Tabel

Peta

OUTPUT

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 7 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Computer System Categories

Mainframe Computers

Midrange Computers

Microcomputers

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 9 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Microcomputer Systems

• Handheld Computers

– PDA, Information

Appliances, Tablet,

smartphone

• Notebook Computers

• Desktop Computers

• Workstations

• Network Server

– Powerful microcomputer

used in small LANs

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 10 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Network Computers and Terminals

• Network Computer

(Thin Client)

• NetPC

• Network Terminal

Benefits

• Lower purchase cost

• Easier maintenance

• Easier software distribution and licensing

• Computer platform standardization

• Reduced end user support requirements

• Improved manageability

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 11 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Computer System Components

Central Processing Unit

Output

Devices

Cache

Memory

Primary

Storage

Secondary Storage Devices

Control Unit

ALU

Special

Purpose

Processors

Output

Devices Input

Devices

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 12 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Input Technology Trends

First Generation

Second Generation

Third Generation

Fourth Generation

Fifth Generation

Punched Cards Paper Tape

Punched Cards

Key to Tape/ Disk

Keyboard Data Entry Pointing Devices Optical Scanning

Voice Recognition Touch Devices Handwriting Recognition

Trend: Towards Direct Input Devices that Are More Natural and Easy to Use

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 13 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Common Input Devices

• Keyboard

• Pointing Devices

• Pen Based Computing

• Speech Recognition

• Optical Scanning

• Magnetic Ink Character

Recognition

• Smart Cards

• Digital Cameras

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 14 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Output Technology Trends

First Generation

Second Generation

Third Generation

Fourth Generation

Fifth Generation

Punched Cards Printed Reports and Documents

Punched Cards Printed Reports and Documents

Printed Reports and Documents Video Displays

Video Displays Audio Responses Printed Reports and Documents

Video Displays Voice Responses Hyperlinked Multimedia Documents

Trend: Towards Output Methods that Communicate Naturally, Quickly, and Clearly

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 15 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Common Output Devices

• Video Output

– CRT

– LCD

– LED

• Printed Output

– Inkjet

– Laser

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 16 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Storage Trends

First Generation

Second Generation

Third Generation

Fourth Generation

Fifth Generation

Magnetic Drum

Magnetic Core

Magnetic Core

LSI Semiconductor Memory Chips

VLSI Semiconductor Memory Chips

Trend: Towards Large Capacities Using Smaller Microelectronic Circuits

Trend: Towards Massive Capacities Using Magnetic and Optical Media

Magnetic Tape

Magnetic Drum

Magnetic Tape

Magnetic Disk

Magnetic Disk

Magnetic Tape

Magnetic Disk

Optical Disk

Magnetic Tape

Optical Disk

Magnetic Disk

Primary Storage

Secondary Storage

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 17 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Primary & Secondary Storage Media

Semiconductor

Memory Magnetic

Disks

Floppy Disk

Hard Disk, RAID

Magnetic Tape

Optical Disks

CD-ROM, CD-R

CD-RW

DVD

Direct

Access

Sequential

Access

Direct

Access

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 18 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Characteristics of Magnetic Disks

Cylinders

Access Mechanism

Access Arms

Read/Write Heads

Disks

Tracks: Concentric circles for storing data as magnetized bits.

Sectors: Portions of a track

Track

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 19 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter Summary

• A computer system is a system of information

processing components that perform input, processing,

output, storage and control functions.

• The hardware components in a computer include input

and output devices, a central processing unit (CPU), and

primary and secondary storage.

• There are three major categories of computers:

microcomputers, midrange computers and mainframe

computers

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 20 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter Summary (cont)

• Microcomputers are used as personal computers, but are

also interconnected in a variety of telecommunications

networks.

• Midrange computers are increasingly being used as

powerful network servers and for many multi-user

business data processing and scientific applications.

• Mainframe computers are larger and more powerful and

are used to handle information processing needs for

large organizations .

Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien 21 Introduction to Information Systems

Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter Summary (cont)

• Peripheral devices used for input and output come in a

variety shape and sizes. Future trends are towards

devices that communicate naturally and are quick and

easier to use.

Komputer

Alat Komunikasi Telephone

Mobile phone

Alat Navigasi Kompas, gps, …….

dll

AT

XT

286

386

486, 486DX

Pentium I (Intel, Amd, Cyrix, dll)

Intel Pentium II / Intel Celeron, K5 (AMD)

Intel Pentium III/ Intel Celeron, K6 (AMD-Athlon)

Intel Pentium IV / IntelCeleron, K7 (AMD- Athlon, Barton, Duron)

Intel Dual Core (Centrino), AMD Athlon (AMD-X64, FX, dll)

Intel Core 2 Duo, AMD64-X2, Sempron

Intel Core 2 Quad, AMD-X4 (Phenom)

Intel Core i3, i5, i7 (generasi 1 – 4 Haswell); AMD Athlon II X2,X3,X4, Phenom II X2,X3,X4, AMD Phenom II X6, FX (4 -8 core), APU series (A4, A6, A8, A10)

XEON, OPTERON (>8 core)

CPU

(Central Procesing Unit)

Monitor

Keyboard & Mouse

Printer

Mainboard/ Motherboard

Processor (Intel, AMD, VIA, dll)

Graphic Card/ VGA

SoundCard (optional/ onboard)

RAM (Read Access Memory)

(EDO Ram, SD-Ram, DDR1, DDR2, DDR3,….)

Harddisk /HDD (Seagate, WDC, Maxtor, dll.)

CD-ROM/RW, DVD-ROM/RW

Case/ casing

SERVER

WORKSTATION

DEKSTOP

MACINTOSH

LAPTOP/ NOTEBOOK

Netbook

Tablet

………

Raspberry PI

Parallella

Tablet

Smartphone

Intel

AMD

Merk-merk

ASUS

Gigabyte

Biostar

MSI, dll

Socket:

-Intel

- 348

- 378

- 478

-LGA775

-LGA1156, LGA 1366, LGA 1155

-LGA 2011, LGA 1150

-AMD

-Slot A,,939,,940

-AM2, AM2+

-AM3, AM3+

-FM1, FM2

Standard

ATI Radeon

NVDIA Geforce

Matrox

S3

Intel

Sis

dll

Profesional

Quadro

FireGL

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