Post on 07-Aug-2015
transcript
Performance of 400kv line insulators under pollution
CONTENTS
1) INTRODUCTION
2) HISTORY
3) NEED OF PERFORMANCE ANYLYSIS
4) EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON INSULATORS
5) PERFORMANCE OPTIMISATION
6) ADVANTAGES
7) LIMITATIONS
8) CONCLUSION
9) REFRENCES
INTRODUCTION
Insulators are the device having capability of opposing
electric current through them.
Cause of repeated tripping of 400kv transmission line due to
polluted environment.
Failure of insulation strings in the months of December and
January .
Measurement of Excessively high creepage currents under
fog and polluted conditions.
Techniques to minimize the cause of unfavourable
performances of line insulators.
HISTORY Telegraph lines were the
first electrical system to use
insulators.
From the mid of 1840’s to 1865’s
the credit for making of glass
insulators goes to united kingdom.
For high voltage application the era of porcelain insulator begins from 1870’s to early 1900’s.
Contd..
On further increment in 1902 to 1920 voltage application the ceramics (porcelain , glass) was the still choice.
NEED OF PERFORMANCE ANALYSES
As we moving towards our modern world which is different from our ancient world in the references of industries, transport, infrastructure etc.
Contd..
As we are heavily dependent on scarce resources which are non-
renewable.so we can not take risk of losing that power through
insulators.
Power or energy can not stored so we must use that much
power which were get produced
we have limitations on power production so we should analyse
those factors which are responsible for its transmission.
EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON INSULATORS
Effluents from Brick Kilns
Effluents from Industries
Burning of Agricultural waste.
Bird Excreta .
Picture shows the effect
of effluents coming from brick kilns and industries.
Images showing the effect of Bird Excreta
Contd..
As we could see the ice bridging on insulators although it falls in the environment causes of insulators failure
PERFORMANCE OPTIMISATION
There are four broadly used methods for performance optimisation.
1. Offline cleaning of insulators in polluted stretches.
2. Live line washing of insulators using helicopter is another method of performance optimisation.
3.Replacement of normal insulators (glass and porcelain) with composite insulators(composite long rod insulators) is also the way of optimising.
4. pollution mapping is the last
method of optimisation. It could
help us in defining those polluted
area where the level of pollution
is greater . so as compare to other places
we could suitably deal
according to above three
criteria of optimisation.
Contd…
ADVANTAGES With all the above measures taken the we
saw the following advantages-
1. The causes of repeated tripping goes down
drastically which ensures the continuous supply
of electricity.
2. It is also minimise the cause of power loss during
the breaking of insulators.
3. Better insulation could save the property as well
as peoples life from those accidents happed
due to flashover coming out from burning
Insulators.
LIMITATIONS There are few limitations in implementation
of those practice for better performance are-
1. It is not possible to wash insulators everywhere
with the help of helicopter as it highly depends
upon availability of helicopter as well as the
place where this operation is going to be
performed.2. We could not replace all the glass and porcelain
insulators with the composite long rod
insulators as
although Is a better option but it would be
expansive than our goal.
Contd..
3. As we know birds are
natural threat.so we can
not completely short out
that problem of bird
excreta/refuse which has
major role in polluting
insulators.
CONCLUSION
According to principal of energy conservation
energy neither be created nor destroyed so the
amount of energy generated must we used in
efficient way and also we know that the conversion
process of energy consists scarce resources so we
must taken account of energy loss that may be in
transmitting it from one place to another. So we
must look into ” performance of insulators under
pollution” so that power loss could be minimize.
REFERENCES
HVL Test Report Ref HV381 Evaluation of Volt
Shield Insulator Treatment on Third Rail
Insulators. BS EN 60587:2007 “Electrical insulating
materials used under severe ambient
conditions – Test methods for evaluating
resistance to tracking and erosion”
Chris S. Richards, Carl L. Benner, Karen L. Butler-
Purry, and B. Don Russell, Fellow. “Electrical
Behavior of Contaminated Distribution Insulators
Exposed to Natural Wetting”