Periodic Table Review

Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.

Li, Rb, K, Na

Rb, K, Na, Li

Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.

Mg, Cl, Na, P

Na, Mg, P, Cl

Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING atomic radius.

Li, O, C, F, N

Li, C, N, O, F

Define “first ionization energy”.

Energy required to remove an electron from an atom

State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for first ionization energy.

INCREASES

State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for first ionization energy.

DECREASES

Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first

ionization energy: Li, O, C, K, Ne, F

Ne, F, O, C, Li, K

Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first

ionization energy: Li, B, Rb, F, C

F, C, B, Li, Rb

Arrange the following elements in order of DECREASING first

ionization energy: Mg, Ba, Be

Be, Mg, Ba

Define “electronegativity”.

Measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons

State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for electronegativity.

INCREASES

State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for electronegativity.

DECREASES

Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.

Po, Se, O

O, Se, Po

Place each of the following groups of elements in order of DECREASING electronegativity.

Ga, Br, Ra, Ca

Br, Ga, Ca, Ra

How did Henry Moseley arrange elements on the Periodic Table?

Increasing atomic NUMBER

What is the ending of all monatomic anions?

ide

State the period trend (moving left to right across the periods) for atomic radius.

DECREASES

where you would find elements with similar properties? Group or Period

GROUP

List 4 properties of metals. Luster Good conductors of electricity Ductile Malleable High Melting points Solid, except Hg is a liquid Lose electrons

What is the atomic number of nickel?

28

What is the difference between a group and a period? List the number of groups and period.

Group = columns (#1-18) Periods = rows (#1-7)

What element is in group 2 and period 2?

Be

what group of elements are considered the most stable?

Noble Gases

How are the elements arranged on the Periodic Table today?

Increasing atomic NUMBER

What is the atomic mass of lithium?

6.941 amu

What element is in group 7 and period 4?

Mn

What is the atomic number of bromine?

35

Group 17 elements are called?

Halogens

Define “atomic radius”.

Half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms joined in a molecule

State the group trend (moving top to bottom down the groups) for atomic radius.

INCREASES

What is a metalloid? Element that has properties of BOTH

metals and nonmetals

As you go from left to right across the periodic table, the elements go from (metals / nonmetals) to (metals / nonmetals).

Metals; nonmetals

The most active element in Group 17 is?

Fluorine (F)

What is the difference between anions and cations? Explain.

Anion = negative ion b/c electron(s) were GAINED

Cation = positive ion b/c electron(s) were LOST

Group 18 elements are called? Why?

Noble Gases; b/c the contain 8 electrons in their outer energy level which gives them a stable electron configuration

A positive ion is (larger / smaller) than its parent atom.  Why?

SMALLER; b/c the atom LOST electron(s)

The majority of elements in the periodic table are (metals / nonmetals).

Metals

List 4 properties of nonmetals. No Luster Not good conductors of electricity Not Ductile Not Malleable Low Melting points Gain electrons

Suppose magnesium formed an ion. How many electrons and protons does a calcium ion have?

Mg+2 (lost 2 e-) 12 protons & 10 electrons

What is the difference between a monatomic ion and a polyatomic ion?

Monatomic = ion formed from a single atom

Polyatomic = a group of bonded atoms with a charge

A negative ion is (larger / smaller) than its parent atom.  Why?

LARGER; b/c the atom GAINED electron(s)

An element with both metallic and nonmetallic properties is called a __________

Metalloid

Suppose nitrogen formed an ion.

a) What is the charge of the N ion? _________

b) How many electrons does an N ion have?________

c) How many protons does an N ion have?_________

d) Write the name for the N ion.__________

-3

10

7Nitride

Place the ionic charges for the following groups on the Periodic Table: group 1, group 2, group 3-12, group 13, group 14, group 15, group 16, group 17 and group 18

+1 +

2Mostly+2

+3

+4

-3-2-1 0

Compounds that contain elements from group 17 are commonly called?

Salts

Elements of Group 3-12 are called?

Transition Metals

The noble gases contain _______ electrons in their outer energy level.

8

Metals are usually solids under ordinary conditions. List one exception.

Hg (mercury) is a liquid

Elements in the periodic table are arranged according to their ___________

Increasing atomic number

Nonmetals can be solids, a liquid or 11 are gases under ordinary conditions. List the gases & liquid.

Gases = H, N, O, F, Cl & the noble gases

Liquid = Br