Post on 24-Feb-2016
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Pests & Diseases
Insects - Anatomy Insects
Small animals that have three body regions and three pairs or six legs.
The three body regions are…. Head Thorax Abdomen
Parts of the Insect
Life Cycle of Insects
Complete metamorphosisEggLarva Worm Caterpillar
PupaAdult Flies Beetles
Life Cycle of Insects
Incomplete metamorphosisEggNymphAdult
Chewing Insects
BeetleEat leaves, stems,
flowers, fruit and nuts.
Chewing Insects
CutwormsUsually attack stems,
but may eat other plant parts.
Chewing Insects
Caterpillars Larva of moths and butterflies and are fuzzy or hairy. Eat young leaves and stems. Roll up in leaves making the leaves curl.
Chewing Insects Grasshoppers
Eat all parts of plants.
Sucking Insects
AphidsPierce & suck juices.Known as plant lice.Cause stunted growth
and yellow spotted leaves.
Causes sticky substance and black mold which attracts ants.
Sucking Insects
MealybugsPierce and suck from underside of leaves and in leaf
axils.Causes yellow appearance and sticky secretions.
Sucking Insects
WhitefliesFeed on underside of
young leaves causing yellowing.
They will look like flying little white specks when plants are shaken.
Plant Diseases
What is a Disease??? A plant disorder caused by an infectious pathogen or agent.
Conditions Needed for a Disease Three conditions are necessary for a disease in a plant.
Host plant Disease causing organism or pathogen must be present. Favorable environment for disease organism to develop.
The Disease Triangle
What Causes a Disease?? The groups of pathogens are….
Bacteria Fungi Viruses Parasitic plants
Mistletoe Dodder Lichens
FUNGI
Parasitic Plants
LICHENSMISTLETOE DODDER
Controlling DiseasesWarm temperatures and moist conditions in
greenhouse plant production make most horticulture plant diseases worse because…. Environmental conditions that support disease-causing
pathogens.Preventing plant diseases is better than treating
the diseases.Plant diseases must be identified before they can
be treated.
Plant Diseases – Blight
Cause plants to quickly turn brown as if they had been burned.
Plant Diseases – Canker
Causes open wounds on woody plant stems.
Plant Diseases – Damping Off
A fungal disease that causes young plants and seedlings to rot off at the soil level.
Plant Diseases – Galls Round swellings or growths on plants.
Plant Diseases – Leaf Spots
Rings of different shades of brown, green, or yellow that make spots on leaves.
Plant Diseases – Mildew
Grows on leaf surfaces (both upper & lower) as white, gray or purple spots.
Plant Diseases – Mosaic
Caused by viruses that make the leaves have irregular mottled areas with patterns ranging from dark green to light green to yellow to white.
Plant Diseases – Rot
Causes plants to decay & die.
Plant Diseases – Rust
Causes small spots on leaves that resemble yellow, orange, brown or red rust mainly on the underneath side of leaves.
Plant Diseases – Smut
A black powdery disease that causes blisters that burst open releasing black spores.
Plant Diseases – Wilts
Disease that blocks the uptake of water in plants stems causing it to wilt.