Post on 17-Dec-2015
transcript
Sound Safari – I
Find ‘audio-ambiguity’ in the lyrics of a song.
Email me with: the title the lyrics with the ambiguity highlighted
what the words sound like to you what the words really are
a sound file (if possible) Choose I or II, or both for 1.5 total points…
Speech vs. Orthography
Did he believe Caesar could see the people seize the seas? Red Green Blue
You Tell Me: The silly amoeba stole the key to the machine
(identify the [i]’s)
Name One (at least) of…
The 4 ways [f] is spelled… The 6 ways “a” is pronounced Multiple letters making only one
sound <gh> in “enough” Find another…
Why so Many Discrepancies?
Developmental influences Old system Global language Phonological changes (next chapter) Variation in speech & writing
Whaddya Think?
The USA mandate a spelling system with a “one for one” correspondence between spoken & written words
Phonetics Defined
The branch of linguistics that studies the inventory and structure of the sounds of speech
Have U Read Yet…?
Which of the following is NOT a branch of Phonetics ?
A. Acoustic (how sounds are heard)B. Articulatory (how sounds are made)C. Computational (how sounds are
digitized)
D. All are branches of Phonetics
IPA Familiarize yourself
Charts inside the covers of the textbook
front (vowels) & back (consonants) Focus on American English sounds…
Looking Ahead…
Which of the following will you need to do with IPA symbols?
A. Produce each soundB. Identify sounds from descriptionC. Provide description of sounds D. Transcribe wordsE. All of the above
Phonetic SafariUsing the words below, the illustration on page 82, and a mirror (if possible), identify where the consonant sounds in the words below are produced.
fee gee key kneelee me pea seeshe tea thee wee ye
2 lips top lip/ teeth/ hard smooth softbtm teeth tongue ridge slope spot
Where?
Phonetic Safari
2 lips top lip/ teeth/ hard smooth softbtm teeth tongue ridge slope spot
pea tea keyfee thee see she
geeme knee
leeye wee
What other words can you find for each ‘place of articulation’?
Also “he”…
Transcribe each word… The vowel for each is [i]
Place of Articulation
What are these? (try it without the chart first…)
Bilabial
(two lips together) Labiodental
(teeth meet lips) Interdental
(tongue between teeth) Alveolar
(tongue on Alv. Ridge) Alveolarpalatal
(tongue btn A.R. & palate) Velar
(back of tongue on velum) Glotttal
(epiglottis stops air flow)
A. Nasal Cavity
(nasal)
B. Soft Palate (Velum)
(velar)
C. Epiglottis
(glottal)
D. Vocal cords
(voicing)
E. Tongue – Back
(vowels)
F. Tongue – Front
(vowels)
G. Tongue – Tip
(vowels)
H. Teeth
(dental)
I. Lips
(labi-)
J. Alveolar Ridge
(alveo-)
K. Hard Palate
(palatal)
B
C
D
G
I
H
J
A
EF
Vocal Tract (for SAE sounds):
K
Be ready to identify these areas and talk about what sounds they produce.
Where Do We Articulate:
thine wine pine vine tine dine fine What’s
the difference
between “t
ine” & “d
ine”
Between “v
ine” & “fi
ne”
Voiced or Voiceless? Put your hands over your ears
OR on your larynx: [s] bus sip [z] buzz zip
thin tooth
these bathe
Except for ‘Approximates’, on the chartthe 1st line = voiceless, 2nd line = voiced
What other words can
you find where voiced & voicelessmakes a
difference in meaning?
IPA Familiarize yourself
Charts inside the covers of the textbook
front (vowels) & back (consonants)
Be able to: Produce each sound Identify sounds from description Provide description of sounds Transcribe words
What’s the difference?
Pronounce each of the following [p] & [t] [t] & [k] [k] & [g]
[ f ] & [ h ] [ l ] & [ j ]
Consonants (inside the back cover)
Manners of Articulation
Places of Articulation Chart follows the mouth – front to
back…
Approximates
Manner of Articulation
Find words for each…
What are these? (try it without the chart first…)
Stop (stops air flow) Nasal (air into nasal
cavity) Fricative (air barely
escapes) Affricate (stop + fricative) Approximate (almost a vowel…)
Get Some Exercise
Find Place & Manner for What’re the IPA symbols for these sounds:
Voiced interdental fricative Glottal fricative Voiceless alveopalatal affricate High front tense vowel
How can the following sounds be categorized?
Vowel Matters
Try it yourself: Say “key” then “caw”
Try not to move your tongue… Does it sound normal?
Do It Together Based on someone’s pronunciation,
transcribe the vowels in these words. Which pairs have the same vowel?
back [ ] sat [ ]cot [ ] caught [ ]ooze [ ] deuce [ ]mouse [ ] cow [ ]hide [ ] height [ ]
Challenge: Transcribe the whole word for one column or both…
Transcription Practice
Using the charts in your textbook, transcribe your name & the name of a person next to you….
Small Group Practice As a group, transcribe these words.
play chance dreadcrazy shout bathjust yes ringbridge five toymast then taste
For your Transcription
Select 1 minute of speech from: http://web.ku.edu/idea/dialectmap.htm
Use the Charts See also:
http://www.paulmeier.com/ipa/charts.html
Here’s another site that helps you visualize making sounds,but beware, ‘Sammy’ covers symbols we don’t…http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/%7Edanhall/phonetics/sammy.html
Suprasegmentals (prosodic features)
Length Ooooouuuuch! Pitch “e” … vs. Eeeek! Loudness ‘Hi’ vs. HI! Stress She said what? Tone Mom vs. (aww)
Môm
Get Some Exercise
Transcription: “I scream for ice cream”
Segments How many in “I scream for ice cream”?
Syllables How many in “I scream for ice cream”?
Features What are the features of [s], [m], and [i]?
Kinds of Sound Change Assimilation (become more alike)
Nasalization Voicing Flapping
Dissimilation (become less alike) Metathesis (shift sounds around) Epenthesis // Intrusion (add a sound)
Other Elision // Deletion (take a sound away) Vowel Reduction (shorten or ‘schwa’ a sound)
If You Were in Charge… Revisited
…would you implement a spelling system with a “one for one”
correspondence between spoken & written words?
Why or Why Not?