Physical Properties: Mass, Volume, Density, Conductivity, Magnetism, State of Matter, Solubility

Mixtures, Heterogeneous mixtures, suspension, Homogeneous mixtures, colloid, solution

Unit: Physical Properties of Matter

Level 4

Students will understand that the position of different substances on a density column depends upon the mass and volume of that substance.

Identify and chart the position of various substances to show where they would fall on a density column when their mass and volume are known.

Level 3

Students will explore densities of various materials through measurement of their masses and volumes, and understand that substances can be classified on the basis of characteristics of their physical properties that can be demonstrated and measured.

Create a chart comparing densities of various materials through measurement of their masses and volumes, and classify and compare substances on the basis of characteristics of physical properties that can be demonstrated and measured.

Level 2

Students will identify a method to determine the volume of regular and irregular objects

Demonstrate or list various ways to determine the volume of regular and irregular objects

Level 1

Students will describe the relationship between mass and weight.

Create a diagram to compare and contrast the relationship between mass and weight.

Entry Students have a basic knowledge of the physical properties of matter

Define related vocabulary

Properties of

Matter

Physical Properties: Properties which

can be observed without changing

the chemical make-up.

Physical Properties Physical properties include:

appearance, texture, color, odor,

melting point, boiling point, density,

solubility, polarity, and many others.

Density=mass/volume, is a physical

property

Malleable Malleability (Ductility)- How easily

something bends.

Elasticity: is the property of matter to

return to its original shape.

Malleability and elasticity change

with temperature.

Conductivity Conductivity- is how easily energy

passes through something.

Copper, iron, and most metals are

good conductors. Rubber is a very

poor conductor.

Solubility Solubility is the ability of a solute to

dissolve in a solvent.

Solubility Solute: a material which dissolves in a

solvent.

Solvent: a chemical which dissolves a solute.

EX.: When you make lemonade, you measure out the solute (powdered mix) and add it to the solvent (water).

Solubility Saturated: when no more of something can

be absorbed

Viscosity Viscosity: Fluid resistance to flow.

Highly viscous liquids flow very slowly

(like syrup), low viscosity means a

liquid pours quick and easy (like water or oil).

Magnetic

Magnetism: If an object can become

magnetized, it is a physical property

of matter (only iron, nickel and cobalt

can become magnetic)

Physical Properties Melting Point: The temperature at

which a solid turns into a liquid or a

liquid turns to a solid.

Boiling Point:

The temperature at

which a liquid turns

to a gas or a gas to

a liquid.

Physical Properties Specific Heat: The amount of thermal

energy required to raise the

temperature 1 degree.

Ex: Water takes more thermal energy

to raise 1 degree than air does.

Pure Substances Pure Substance: a substance made

entirely out of one element or

compound.

Pure substances are very rare, most

things found in nature are mixtures.

Elements and Compounds Different types of atoms are elements.

Compounds are two or more elements combined.

A molecule can be of one element or it can be a compound

Mixtures Mixtures have more than one type of

element and/or compounds.

Heterogeneous mixtures: are obvious

mixtures, you can see the different

parts.

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Suspension: particles are visible and

will settle out on standing.

EX: Chocolate milk, V8, dust clouds,

pulpy orange juice, oil and vinegar.

Homogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures: uniform

appearance throughout the mixture

(this means it looks the same)

Steel, air, tap water,

salt water, most

objects we think are

the same material are

actually

homogeneous

mixtures.

Colloids Colloids are homogeneous mixtures

with particles of different sizes which

WILL NOT settle with time.

Jello, Milk, Fog, aerosols, blood,

mayonnaise and clouds are all

colloids.

Solutions Solutions are homogeneous mixtures

with uniform properties. If you look at a

solution under a microscope it would

still appear uniform.

Alloys Solid metal solutions are called alloys.