Post on 17-Dec-2015
transcript
Population:
60 million
Size - Texas
Louis XIV 1643-1715Louis XIII 1610-1643
The French Monarchy and Divine Right
The French Revolution 1789-1799
Louis XVI 1774-1792
Meeting of the Estates General (Feb 1789)
Estates General organized into three estates – clergy, nobility, and the rest of France
Had not meet since 1614.
Agreed to hold new elections in May
The National Assembly - Tennis Court Oath, June 10, 1789
Following the election, members of the Third Estate broke with the Estates General, forming their own National Assembly.
When the king ordered the state assembly closed, the discussion was moved to a nearby tennis court. Pledged to write a new constitution for France.
Storming of the Bastille July 14 1789
Fearing that the King would move against the new Assembly, insurgents stormed the Bastille, gathering weapons, and took control of Paris in a violent uprising.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen Aug 26, 1789
Constitution of 1791
France becomes a Constitutional Monarchy
Abolition of Feudalism
Power vested in Legislative Assembly 1791-1792
Radicalization of the National Assembly
August 10, 1792 - Paris Commune storms the Tuileries Palace capturing the King and Queen.
France declares war on Austria and Prussia 1792-1797
National Convention proclaimed France a Republic (The First Republic) on September 20, 1792, radical members convinced the Convention to try and execute the King on Jan 17, 1793.
The Reign of Terror 1793-1794
Committee of Public Safety Maximilien Robespierre
Himself a victim in the Thermidorian Reaction 1794
Edmund Burke
Reflections on the Revolution in France
Coup of 18 Brumaire Year VIII
(November 9, 1799)
1799 Napoleon Bonaparte stages military coup overthrowing weak government.
First Empire 1804-1815
In 1804 Napoleon declared himself emperor of France (1st Empire).
Napoleonic Wars 1804-1815
He then set off on a series of campaigns against Italy, Spain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia. He was finally defeated by the last remaining monarchy (the British) at Waterloo in 1814.
Restoration of the Monarchy
Louis XVIII
1815-1824
Charles X
1824-1830
The monarchy was restored in 1815 under Louis XVIII -brother of Louis XVI.
Louis XVIII agreed to share power with the National Assembly, but his successor Charles X sought to return to absolute monarchy.
Louis-Phillipe1830-1848
The July Monarchy
Charles X was deposed in 1830 and replaced by Louis-Philippe (The July Monarchy) who also agree to share power with the Assembly.
The July Monarchy ended in 1848 when Louis-Philippe was forced out by worker uprisings.
The Second Republic (1848-1852) and Second Empire (1852-1870)
Napoleon III
1851-1870
The Second Republic proved as brief as the first, when Louis-Napoleon III (a cousin of Napoleon) seized power in a coup in 1850.
The Second Empire as it came to be known lasted until Napoleon’s defeat in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-1871.
Franco-Prussian War1870-1871
The Third Republic (1870-1940)
Prime Minister George Clemenceau
1906-1909, 1917-1921
The Third Republic would last from the end of the war in 1870 until the German invasion of France in 1940.
The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles advocated by French Prime Minister George Clemenceau gave rise to the Nazis and the ultimate demise of the Third Republic.
Marshal Philippe PetainChief of State of Vichy France 1940-1944
Vichy France
During German occupation, a Nazi-puppet French State was established with a capital in Vichy under the authority of former WWI French commander Marshal Petain.
The Fourth Republic 1946-1958
Gen. Charles De Gaulle
Leader of French Resistance
Gen. Charles De Gaulle would be instrumental in transitioning France from an occupied power to a Fourth Republic in 1946.
Algerian War1954-1962
French IndochinaWar in Vietnam 1945-1954
De Gaulle would also be called back when the Fourth Republic collapsed as a result of crisis in Indochina and Algeria.
Collapse of the Fourth Republic 1958
Pres. Charles De GaulleUDR, 1959-1969
The Fifth Republic 1958-pres.
As President of the 5th (and perhaps final) Republic, De Gaulle is credited with what has now become known as Gaullism
Guallism - a firm commitment to French independence and French nationalism in international and domestic politics.
His legacy can be found in the success of many Neo-Gaullist politicians still today.
The Resurgence of the Left
May 1968 Student Revolts
François Mitterrand
Socialist Party
1981-1995
The working class
The Socialist and Communist movements in France have always enjoyed a great deal of strength.
Workers and trade unions remain powerful in French politics (often through demonstrations, protests, and strikes).
In 1986, the neo-Gaullist party and its allies won control of the National Assembly.
President Mitterrand was forced to appoint Jacques Chirac as prime minister.
The Fifth Republic’s first case of cohabitation (president and prime minister of different party)
Recent Presidents of France
Nicolas Sarkozy
Union for a Popular Movement
Francois Hollande
Socialist Party
Elections to the French National Assembly
Local government and decentralization
France divided into 26 regions
Regions struggle against Paris for political control seeking greater decentralization of decision-making.
Political Parties of the Right
Chirac’s Rally for the Republic RPR 1976-2002
Sarkozy’s Union for a Popular Movement
2002-present
Rally for the French People 1947-1955
Union of the New Republic 1958-1971
Union of Democrats for the Republic, UDR
1971-1976
Union for French Democracy, UDF
1978-2007
National Front
1972-present
Political Parties of the Left
Parti Socialiste
1969-present
French Communist Party 1921-present
French Green Party 1982-present
The Francophone World
Immigration from the Francophone World
Minorities in France
Les francais de souche (French stock) vs. immigrant communities.
Secularism (Laicite – separation of church and state since 1905) vs. Roman Catholic Church and Muslim groups
Head scarf controversy when Chirac banned head scarves in public schools saying “secularism is not negotiable”