Post on 06-Nov-2019
transcript
Marine Region 9: South Atlantic
Marine Region 3: Mediterranean
Marine Region 4: Northwest Atlantic
Marine Region 5: Northeast Atlantic
Marine Region 6: Baltic
Marine Region 7: Wider Caribbean
Marine Region 8: West Africa
Marine Region 2: Arctic
Marine Region 1: Antarctic Marine Region 10: Central Indian Ocean
Marine Region 11: Arabian Seas
Marine Region 12: East Africa
Marine Region 13: East Asian Seas
Marine Region 14: South Pacific
Marine Region 15: Northeast Pacific
Marine Region 16: Northwest Pacific
Marine Region 17: Southeast Pacific
Marine Region 18: Australia-New Zealand
NortheastAtlantic
5
Arctic2
NorthwestAtlantic
4
Wider Caribbean7
West Africa8
Central IndianOcean
10
East Asian Seas13
South Pacific14
South Pacific14
SoutheastPacific
17
NortheastPacific
15
Arabian Seas11
East Africa12
Australia-New Zealand18
NorthwestPacific
16
South Atlantic9
Baltic6
Mediterranean3
Antarctic1
ATLANTICOCEAN
INDIANOCEANPACIFIC
OCEAN
ARCTICOCEAN
ATLANTICOCEAN
INDIANOCEAN
PACIFICOCEAN
Argentina
Chile
NewZealand
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UnitedKingdomIreland
TheNetherlands
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BarbadosSt Vincent and the Grenadines
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DominicanRepublic
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TheBahamas
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Mali Niger
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NigeriaBenin
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ô
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EquatorialGuinea
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Guinea
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ArmeniaAzerbaijan
Uzbekistan
TurkmenistanTajikistan
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Malta
Jawa
Bali
Sumba
Flores
Timor
Falkland Islands(Islas Malvinas)
South GeorgiaIsland (UK) South Sandwich
Islands (UK)
South Orkney Islands
South ShetlandIslands
Peter IIsland
CampbellIsland (NZ)
AucklandIslands (NZ)
MacquarieIslands (Aus)
Tasmania(Aus)
BallenyIslands
McDonald Islands (Aus)
McDonald Islands (Aus)
Heard Island (Aus)
Heard Island (Aus)
KerguelenIslands (Fr)
KerguelenIslands (Fr)
Crozet Islands (Fr)
MarionIsland (SA)
MarionIsland (SA)
PrinceEdward
Island (SA)
PrinceEdward
Island (SA)
Bouvet (Nor)
Gough Island(UK)
Alaska(US)
Aleutian Islands(Alaska)
(US)
BaffinIsland
Greenland(Den)
EllesmereIsland
Svalbard
Bear Island
NovayaZemlya
FranzJosefLand
SevernayaZemlya
Wrangel Island
Gibraltar(UK) I de Albor ná
Vancouver Island
BanksIsland
VictoriaIsland
Devon Island
Newfoundland
Nova Scotia
Bermuda(UK)
Azores(Port)
Madeira(Port)
Kaliningrad(Russia)
Florida
FrenchGuiana (Fr)
veriR oconirO
Turks and CaicosIs (UK)
PuertoRico (US)
US Virgin Is (US)British
Virgin Is (UK)Netherlands Antilles
(Neth) Guadeloupe (Fr)
Martinique (Fr)
CaymanIs (UK)
CanaryIslands
(Sp)
WesternSahara
(Morocco)
AscensionIsland
(St Helena)
St Helena (UK)
Martin VazIslands(Brazil)
Trindade(Brazil)
Tristan da Cunha (UK)
Inaccessible Island(Tristan da Cunha)
Gough Island(Tristan da Cunha)
Falkland Islands(Islas Malvinas)
SouthGeorgiaIsland
FernandoDe Noronha
revi RnoAmaz
Andamanand
NicobarIslands(India)Lakshadweep
Islands(India)
British Indian OceanTerritory (UK)
revi
R sudnI
Socotra(Yemen)
Iles Glorieuses(R union)é
Mayotte (Fr)
Juan deNova I
(R union)é
Bassas daIndia (R union)é
Europa I(R union)é
Agalega Is(Mauritius)
Tromelin(R union)é Cargados Carajos
Is (Mauritius)
Rodrigues(Mauritius)
R union (Fr)é
Amsterdam I (Fr)
St Paul I (Fr)
ahM akan River
MekongRiver
anG ges River
Sumatera
Sarawak(Malaysia)
Sabah(Malaysia)
Kalimantan(Indonesia)
Irian Jaya(Indonesia)
Sulawesi
Moluccas
Mindinao
Bohol
Cebu
NegrosPalawan
Mindoro
Luzon
Panay
Niue (NZ)
AmericanSamoa (US)
Minerva Reefs
New Caledonia (Fr)
Wallis andFutuna Is (Fr)
Howland (US)
Baker (US)
Midway Is(US)
Wake (US)
NorthernMariana
Islands (US)
Guam (US)
Hawaii (US)
JohnstonAtoll (US)
PalmyraAtoll (US)
CookIslands
(NZ)
French Polynesia (Fr)
PitcairnIsland (UK)
Easter Island(Chile)
Revillagidedo Islands(Mex)
Queen Charlotte Islands
British Columbia
California
ChannelIslands
Hong Kong (China)
reviR eztgnaY
Hokkaido
Kuril Islands
Sakhalin Island(Russia)
Commander Islands(Russia)
Kamchatka
Cocos I(Costa Rica)
Malpelo I(Col)
GalapagosIslands
(Ecuador)
Chiloe Island
WesternAustralia
NorthernTerritory
SouthAustralia
Queensland
New SouthWales
Victoria
Norfolk I(Aus) Kermadec Is
(NZ)
Elizabeth andMiddleton Reefs
(Aus)
Lord Howe andBall’s Pyramid
(Aus)
Chatham Is(NZ)
Bounty Is(NZ)
Antipodes Is(NZ)
Auckland Is(NZ)
Campbell I(NZ)
Macquarie I(Aus)
Tasmania
Cocos (Keeling)Is (Aus)
Christmas I(Aus)
Ashmore andCartier Is (Aus)
West Bank& Gaza
Corsica
Sardinia
Sicily
Crete
MenorcaMallorca
Ibiza
SouthPole
Bonin Is(Japan)
La Galite
WeddellSea
RossSea
BeaufortSea
Davis Strait
HudsonBay
Foxe Basin
BaffinBay
Bay ofBiscay
NorthSea
CelticSea
Gulf of Finland
Gulf ofBothnia
BalticSea
Gulf ofMexico
Gulfof Aden
ArabianSea
RedSea
Bay ofBengal
South China Sea
CoralSea
Great Australian Bight
MediterraneanSea
Black Sea
TasmanSea
Arctic Ring of Life International Marine Biocultural Reserve, proposed (2)Barents Sea International Marine Park, proposed (2)Beringia Heritage International Park, proposed (2)
Spratly Islands Marine Sanctuary, may be proposed (13)South Pacific Whale Sanctuary, proposed (14, 17, 18)Orca Pass International Marine Stewardship Area, proposed (15)
Celtic Shelf Break MPA, proposed (5)Dogger Bank SAC, proposed (5) South Atlantic Sanctuary, proposed (8, 9)
9-16 Isla Monte León Provincial Reserve, proposed as a national park9-17 Cabo Virgenes Nature Reserve, proposed for expansion
9-34 Marine Tucuxi Environmental Protection Area of Paraty Bay, proposed9-35 to 9-37 Three Uruguayan MPAs, proposed
3-1 Losinj Dolphin Reserve, proposed
3-59 Cape Sarych to Cape Khersones MPA, proposed
3-54 to 3-56 Three Tunisian MPAs, proposed
3-29 to 3-50 Twenty-two Spanish SACs in Mediterranean waters, proposed
3-24 to 3-25 Two Maltan marine conservation areas, proposed
3-17 Tuscan Archipelago National Park, proposed for extension3-18 Capo Testa-Punta Falcone MPA, proposed3-19 Pelagie Islands MPA, proposed3-20 Asinara Island National Park, proposed for extension3-21 Maddalena Archipelago National Park, proposed for extension3-22 Regno di Nettuno MPA, proposed
3-6 Scandola Nature Reserve, proposed3-7 Kalamos MPA, proposed3-8 Southern Crete Sperm Whale MPA, proposed
4-6 Manicouagan 'Marine Protected Area', proposed4-7 Igaliqtuuq National Wildlife Area and Biosphere Reserve, proposed4-8 Beaufort Sea Beluga 'Marine Protected Area', proposed4-9 to 4-11 Three NW Atlantic national marine conservation areas, proposed but suspended
4-18 Jeffreys Ledge MPA, proposed
5-17 Formigas Islets and Dollabarat Reef Natural Reserve, proposed 5-18 Iroise Marine National Park, proposed5-19 to 5-21 Three harbor porpoise SACs, two proposed, one with proposed extension
5-31 to 5-32 Two Madeiran ZECs, proposed5-33 to 5-34 Two Portuguese reserves, proposed for expansion as ZECs5-35 to 5-38 Four Spanish parks, proposed for expansion as SACs5-39 to 5-44 Six Spanish SACs in Atlantic waters, proposed5-45 Moray Firth Candidate SAC, proposed5-46 Cardigan Bay Candidate SAC, proposed5-47 Lleyn Peninsula and the Sarnau SAC, proposed5-48 Hebridean Marine National Park, proposed5-49 Atlantic Frontier MPA and World Heritage Site, proposed5-50 St Kilda Archipelago SAC, proposed
5-23 to 5-29 Seven Irish SACs, proposed
6-1 to 6-4 Four German harbor porpoise SACs, proposed
7-A Guadeloupe Sanctuary, or Sanctuary of the South Antilles, proposed
7-48 Venezuelan Cetacean Sanctuary, proposed
7-42 Mouchoir Bank Marine Sanctuary, may be proposed
7-35 East National Park, proposed for expansion7-36 Bayahibe Marine Sanctuary, proposed
7-22 to 7-32 Eleven Cuban PAs with marine components, proposed
7-13 Gondoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Reserve, proposed for expansion
7-11 Turneffe Atoll MPA and Biosphere Reserve, proposed
8-A Canary Islands Cetacean Marine Sanctuary, proposed
8-42 to 8-43 Betty's Bay MPA, proposed for expansion as part of Kogelberg MPA/Biosphere Reserve8-44 Goukamma MPA, proposed for expansion8-45 St Helena Biosphere Reserve, proposed
8-40 Cape Peninsula MPA, proposed (includes 8-41)
8-34 West Coast National Park, proposed (includes 8-35 to 8-39)
8-13 Southeastern Fuerteventura MPA, proposed8-14 Cape Verde Humpback Whale MPA, proposed
2-1 Nirjutiqavvik National Wildlife Area, proposed for higher protection
2-28 Svalbard National Park, proposed
2-15 Franz Josef Land Zakaznik, proposed for national park2-16 Russian Arctic National Park, proposed2-17 Solovetskiy Islands Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik, proposed
2-5 Skjalfandi Bay MPA, under discussion2-6 Tysfjord and Hellemofjord MPA, proposed
1-1 Ross Sea MPA, may be proposed 10-1 Sundarbans World Heritage Site, partly proposed as a dolphin sanctuary10-2 Sangu River, may be proposed as a dolphin sanctuary
10-8 Royal Bardia National Park, proposed for expansion10-9 Palk Bay and the Gulf of Mannar Marine International Park, proposed
10-5 Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park, proposed for expansion10-6 Eidhigali Kulhi and Koattey Protected Area, proposed
11-2 Bar al Hikman MPA, proposed11-3 Masirah Island MPA, proposed
12-7 Kiunga Marine National Reserve, proposed for expansion
12-31 to 12-33 Three Tanzanian marine reserves and conservation areas, proposed
12-15 Maputo Bay-Inhaca Island Machangalo Candidate World Heritage Site, proposed for expansion12-16 Zambezi River Delta Candidate World Heritage Site, proposed12-17 Réunion Marine Park, proposed
12-10 Baie d'Antongil-Sainte Marie Island Humpback Whale Sanctuary, proposed12-11 Toliara-Nosy Ve Candidate World Heritage Site, proposed for expansion
13-A Indonesian Marine Mammal Management Area, proposed13-1 Mekong River Ramsar Site, proposed for expansion
13-34 Hon Mun MPA, proposed
13-22 North Borneo Marine Park, proposed13-23 Lawas Marine Park, proposed
13-5 Komodo National Park, Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site, proposed for expansion13-6 Semayang Lake National Park, proposed13-7 to 13-17 Eleven Indonesian MPAs, proposed13-18 Community Fisheries Conservation Zones (FCZ) of Muang-Khong District, may be proposed
14-4 Parques Marinos de Rapa Nui, must be expanded
14-15 Arnavon Islands Marine Conservation Area, proposed for expansion
14-11 Milne Bay MPA, proposed
14-7 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve, proposed as a national marine sanctuary
15-2 Gwaii Haanas National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, proposed for expansion15-3 Race Rocks Candidate 'Marine Protected Area', proposed15-4 Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, proposed for expansion15-5 Southern Strait of Georgia National Marine Conservation Area, proposed15-6 Scott Islands Marine Wildlife Area, proposed15-7 Bowie Seamount Candidate 'Marine Protected Area', proposed15-8 Gabriola Passage Candidate 'Marine Protected Area', proposed15-9 Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve, proposed for greater protection
15-22 Southeastern Bering Sea Right Whale Critical Habitat, proposed15-23 San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge, proposed for expansion15-24 Northwest Straits 'management area', proposed but suspended
15-15 Bahía Magdalena National Gray Whale Refuge, proposed
16-4 Zhujiang (Pearl River) Delta Ecosystem Protected Area, proposed
16-22 Northeast Sakhalin Whale Zakaznik, proposed for expansion16-23 Shantar Archipelago National Park, proposed
17-21 Peninsula Bayovar MPA, proposed
17-14 Machalilla National Park, proposed for expansion
17-8 Malaga Bay MPA, proposed
18-9 Ningaloo Marine Park, proposed for expansion18-10 Bonney Upwelling Blue Whale Feeding critical habitat MPA, may be proposed
18-49 Banks Peninsula Marine Mammal Sanctuary, proposed for expansion18-50 Akaroa Harbour Marine Reserve, proposed18-51 Doubtful Sound Marine Sanctuary, proposed18-52 West Coast Marine Park, proposed
18-44 The Capes Marine Park, proposed18-45 Monte Bellos/Barrow Island Marine Reserve, proposed
18-37 Encounter Bay MPA, proposed18-38 Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary, proposed
18-23 Port Stephens Marine Park, may be proposed
18-18 to 18-20 Two Queensland marine parks and one indigenous protected area, proposed
18-12 Hervey Bay Marine Park, proposed for expansion
17-2 to 17-5 Four Chilean MPAs, parks and reserves, proposed for expansion
5-49
5-215-20 5-19
6-1 6-4
6-3
2-62-5
2-1
6-2
5-50
5-48
5-245-23
5-265-285-25
5-445-435-425-41
5-37 to 5-40
5-34
5-355-36
3-393-38
3-363-37
3-353-443-48
3-34 3-46
3-423-40
3-473-33
3-323-30
3-293-31
3-6
3-213-203-18
3-17
3-24
3-59
3-25
3-193-54 to 3-56
3-413-45 & 3-49
3-50 3-43
5-32
8-13
8-14
5-17
5-31
5-29
5-275-47
5-46
Iroise Marine National Park, proposed (5-18)
Sado Estuary Natural Reserveproposed as a ZEC (5-33)
Moray Firth Candidate SAC, proposed (5-45)
Losinj Dolphin Reserve, proposed (3-1)
Kalamos MPA, proposed (3-7)
Southern Crete Sperm Whale MPAproposed (3-8)
Regno di Nettuno MPA, proposed (3-22)
Ross Sea MPAmay be proposed (1-1)
Solovetskiy Islands Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednikproposed (2-17)
4-10
4-18
4-6 4-11
4-9
4-8
15-7
15-6 15-8
15-24
15-23
15-3
15-915-4
7-287-32
7-237-247-27 7-22
7-117-30
7-29
7-257-26
7-31
7-42
7-36
7-35
7-48
7-13
17-8
17-2
17-3
West Coast National Park, proposed (8-34)
8-448-40
8-43
9-34
9-37
9-369-35
9-17
9-16
14-4
Eidhigali Kulhi and Koattey Protected Area, proposed (10-6)
10-110-2
13-18
16-4
13-34
13-2213-23
13-12
13-1613-15
13-8
13-11
13-10
13-913-14
13-13
13-17
10-9
11-3
11-2
10-5
10-8
Kiunga Marine National Reserveproposed for expansion (12-7)
Baie d'Antongil-Sainte Marie Island Humpback Whale Sanctuary, proposed (12-10)
Réunion Marine Park, proposed (12-17)
12-31 to 12-33
12-16
12-11
Mekong River Ramsar Siteproposed for expansion (13-1)
Komodo National Parkproposed for expansion (13-5)
Semayang Lake National Park, proposed (13-6)
Alor-Solor MPA, proposed (13-7)
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve
proposed as a NMS (14-7)
Milne Bay MPA, proposed (14-11)
14-15
Gwaii Haanas National Marine Conservation Area Reserve
proposed for expansion (15-2)
Southern Strait of Georgia National Marine Conservation Area
proposed (15-5)
Southeastern Bering Sea Right Whale Critical Habitat
proposed (15-22)
15-15
Northeast Sakhalin Whale Zakaznikproposed for expansion (16-22)
Shantar Archipelago National Parkproposed (16-23)
Humboldt Penguin National Reserveproposed for expansion (17-4)
Chiloe National Parkproposed for expansion (17-5)
Machalilla National Parkproposed for expansion (17-14)
Peninsula Bayovar MPAproposed (17-21)
Ningaloo Marine Parkproposed for expansion (18-9)
Hervey Bay Marine Parkproposed for expansion (18-12)
Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuaryproposed (18-38)
The Capes Marine Parkproposed (18-44)
Banks Peninsula Marine Mammal Sanctuary
proposed (18-49)
Doubtful Sound Marine Sanctuaryproposed (18-51)
West Coast Marine Parkproposed (18-52)
18-45
18-37
18-23
18-50
18-18
18-19
18-20
Franz Josef Land Zakaznikproposed for national park (2-15)
Russian Arctic National Parkproposed (2-16)
Svalbard National Parkproposed (2-28)
Igaliqtuuq National Wildlife Areaand Biosphere Reserve, proposed (4-7)
St Helena Biosphere Reserve, proposed (8-45)
Maputo Bay-Inhaca Island MachangaloCandidate World Heritage Siteproposed for expansion (12-15)
Bonney Upwelling Blue WhaleFeeding critical habitat MPA
may be proposed (18-10)
8-42
Arctic Ring of LifeInternational MarineBiocultural Reserve
proposed
Beringia HeritageInternational Park
proposed
Barents SeaInternational Marine Park
proposed
Dogger Bank SACproposed
Celtic ShelfBreak MPAproposed
Spratly IslandsMarine Sanctuarymay be proposed
South Atlantic Sanctuaryproposed
South PacificWhale Sanctuary
proposed
Orca PassInternational MarineStewardship Area
proposed
13-A
8-A
7-A
1-1
7-A
Southern Ocean Sanctuary (Marine regions 1, 18)
Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape (17)
Indian Ocean Sanctuary (10, 11, 12, 13, 18)
Pelagos Sanctuary for Mediterranean Marine Mammals (3)Wadden Sea (Waddensee) Nature Reserve (5)
9-A Falkland Islands Marine Mammal Sanctuary9-1 to 9-15 Fifteen Argentine reserves and parks
9-18 Cabo Orange National Park9-19 to 9-21 Three Brazilian river dolphin reserves9-22 Atol das Rocas Biological Reserve9-23 Fernando de Noronha National Marine Park9-24 Abrolhos National Marine Park9-25 Shelf of the Northern Coast Environmental Protection Area9-26 Arraial do Cabo Sustainable Reserve9-27 to 9-31 Five Brazilian state marine parks and ecological stations9-32 Anhatomirim Environmental Protection Area9-33 Right Whale Environmental Protection Area
3-2 to 3-5 Two French parks and two marine reserves
3-57 Gökçeada Marine Reserve3-58 Sochinskiy National Nature Park
3-51 to 3-53 La Galite, Zembra and Zembretta, and Kneiss MPAs and SPAMIs
3-26 Al Hocemia National Park3-27 Cabo de Gata-Nijar Natural Park3-28 Marine and Land National Park of the Cabrera Archipelago
3-23 Dwejra Marine Conservation Area
3-9 to 3-16 Seven Italian MPAs and one national park
4-A Bermuda Whale Sanctuary4-1 Saguenay-St Lawrence Marine Park4-2 The Gully 'Marine Protected Area'4-3 to 4-4 Bay of Fundy and Roseway Basin right whale conservation areas4-5 Auyuittug National Park
4-12 Gerry E Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary4-13 to 4-14 Great South Channel and Cape Cod Bay Northern Right Whale critical habitat areas4-15 to 4-16 Cape Cod Bay and Cape Cod ocean sanctuaries4-17 Monitor National Marine Sanctuary
5-A Irish Whale and Dolphin Sanctuary5-B Madeiran 'Marine Mammal Sanctuary'5-1 to 5-16 Sixteen Azores ZECs
5-30 Ilhas Desertas Natural Reserve and ZEC
5-22 Shannon River Estuary SAC, nominated
6-5 Kurshskaya Kosa National Park
7-B Mexican Whale Refuge7-1 to 7-7 Seven Bahamian land and sea parks7-8 Port Honduras Marine Reserve7-9 Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System World Heritage Site7-10 Swallow Cay Wildlife Sanctuary
7-43 Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve7-44 Southeastern Right Whale Critical Habitat7-45 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary7-46 Fort Clinch State Park Aquatic Preserve7-47 Caño Guaritico Wildlife Refuge
7-37 St-Barthélemy MPA7-38 Montego Bay Marine Park7-39 Miskito Coast Protected Area7-40 Soufrière Marine Management Area7-41 Princess Alexandra Marine National Park
7-33 Soufrière/Scotts Head Marine Reserve7-34 Marine Mammal Sanctuary of the Dominican Republic
7-14 to 7-21 Eight Cuban PAs with marine components
7-12 Tortuguero National Park
8-B Tristan da Cunha Cetacean Sanctuary8-1 Chinijo Archipelago Natural Park8-2 Natural Marine Park of the Whales and Franja Marina Teno Rasca SAC8-3 to 8-12 Ten Canary Islands SACs
8-46 Inaccessible Island Nature Reserve8-47 Gough Island Wildlife Reserve
8-41 Castle Rock MPA
8-35 to 8-39 Five South African MPAs
8-15 to 8-17 Three Gambian national parks and reserves8-18 Konkoure Estuary MPA8-19 Banc d'Arguin National Park and Biosphere Reserve8-20 Dakhla National Park8-21 Saloum Delta National Park and Siné-Saloum Biosphere Reserve8-22 to 8-32 Eleven South African MPAs8-33 Walker Bay Whale Sanctuary
2-2 Northeast Greenland National Park2-3 Melville Bay Wildlife Sanctuary2-4 Breidafjördur MPA
2-18 to 2-27 Svalbard nature reserves and national parks
2-7 Great Arctic Zapovednik2-8 to 2-14 Six Russian Arctic zapovedniks and one national park
1-2 Heard Island and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve1-3 Prince Edward Island Reserve1-4 Marion Island Reserve 10-3 National Chambal Sanctuary
10-4 Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary
10-7 Lampi Island Marine National Park
11-1 Daymaniyat Islands National Nature Reserve
11-4 Indus River, or Sind, Dolphin Reserve
12-A Seychelles Marine Mammal Sanctuary12-1 Mohéli Marine Park12-2 to 12-6 Five Kenyan marine national parks and reserves
12-18 to 12-30 Thirteen Tanzanian marine parks, reserves, sanctuaries and conservation areas
12-12 to 12-13 Passe en S and Saziley reserves12-14 Bazaruto Archipelago National Park
12-8 Manannara North Biosphere Reserve12-9 Masoala National Park, including Itampolo, Masoala and Tanjona reserves
13-2 to 13-4 Bunaken, Wakatobi and Cendrawasih Bay marine national parks
13-24 to 13-33 Ten Philippine protected seascapes, marine and natural parks and sanctuaries
13-19 to 13-21 Three Malaysian marine parks
14-A American Samoa Whale and Turtle Sanctuary14-B Cook Islands Whale Sanctuary14-C Fiji Whale Sanctuary14-D French Polynesia Marine Mammal Sanctuary14-E New Caledonia Whale Sanctuary14-F Niue Whale Sanctuary14-G Papua New Guinea Whale Sanctuary14-H Samoa Whale, Turtle and Shark Sanctuary14-I Tongan Whale Sanctuary14-J Vanuatu Marine Mammal Sanctuary14-1 Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary14-2 National Park of American Samoa14-3 Rose Atoll National Wildlife Refuge
14-16 Ha'apai Marine Conservation Area14-17 Funufuti Conservation Area
14-12 to 14-13 Aleipata and Safata MPAs (Samoa)14-14 Marovo Lagoon World Heritage Area
14-8 to 14-9 Rock Islands and Ngeremendu Bay conservation areas (Palau)14-10 Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge
14-5 Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary14-6 Midway National Wildlife Refuge
15-A Mexican Whale Refuge15-1 Robson Bight/Michael Bigg Ecological Reserve
15-16 to 15-20 Five US national marine sanctuaries15-21 Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve
15-10 to 15-14 Four Mexican biosphere reserves and one national park
16-1 Lung Kwu Chau and Sha Chau Marine Park16-2 Xiamen Marine National Park and Conservation Areas16-3 Baiji Natural Reserve (and the Shishou and Tong Ling semi-natural reserves)
16-5 Seto-naikai National Park16-6 Finless Porpoise Gathering Area National Natural Monument16-7 to 16-21 Eleven Russian zapovedniks and four other national parks, refuges and sanctuaries
17-A Whale Natural Refuge (Refugio Natural de Ballenas)17-1 Francisco Coloane National Marine Park
17-15 to 17-18 Three Panamanian national parks and one wetland17-19 to 17-20 Two Peruvian national reserves
17-9 Cocos Island Marine and Terrestrial Conservation Area17-10 Ballena Marine National Park17-11 Galápagos Marine Resources Reserve and Galápagos Whale Sanctuary17-12 to 17-13 Two Ecuadorean reserves
17-6 to 17-7 Two Colombian national parks
18-A Australian Whale Sanctuary18-B New Zealand Marine Mammal Sanctuary18-1 Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and World Heritage Area18-2 to 18-8 Seven Australian commonwealth marine parks and nature reserves
18-46 Garig Gunak Barlu National Park (Cobourg Marine Park)18-47 Governor Island Marine Reserve18-48 Auckland Islands Marine Mammal Sanctuary and Marine Reserve
18-39 to 18-43 Five Western Australia marine parks
18-24 to 18-35 Eleven Victoria marine national parks and one sanctuary18-36 Great Australian Bight Marine National Park
18-21 Cape Byron Marine Park (including Byron Bay Sanctuary)18-22 Jervis Bay Marine Park
18-13 to 18-17 Five Queensland marine parks
18-11 Moreton Bay Marine Park
13-28
13-30
13-24
13-3213-33
13-27
13-3113-21
13-3
14-14
18-3
18-14
18-13
18-17
18-15
18-16
18-11
18-6
18-5
18-22
18-3118-29
18-25
18-24
18-47
18-27
18-3418-32
18-30
18-33
18-35
18-28
18-39
18-40
18-41
18-43
18-4
18-46
14-17
14-6
14-12
14-13
14-114-2 14-3
14-8
14-9
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
8-31
12-212-5
12-612-19
12-27
12-21
12-20
12-112-12
12-1312-9
12-8
12-26 & 12-3012-2912-28
12-22 to 12-25
12-3
12-4
8-30
8-298-27
8-288-24
8-26
8-25
8-23
8-33
8-32
8-47
8-46
8-41
8-35 to 8-39
1-2
1-2
3-23-33-43-15
3-10
3-13
3-51
3-52
3-53
3-12
3-23
3-5
3-9
3-57
3-16
3-28
3-26
3-27
6-5
2-4
2-20
2-22
2-24
2-25
16-516-6
16-2
2-23
2-21
2-27
2-26
2-19
2-18
5-15
5-95-10
5-165-85-15-75-3
4-3
4-144-164-13
4-17
7-43
7-447-46
7-4
7-1 7-5
7-27-7
7-417-3
7-407-33
7-37
7-6
7-167-15
7-38
7-9
7-107-8
7-39
7-12
17-17
17-1817-15
17-7
17-6
17-12
17-97-47
9-18
9-22
9-26
9-30
9-31
9-299-28
9-32
9-29-4
9-59-3
9-109-9
9-139-12
9-15
9-8
9-7
9-23
7-2115-12
15-11
7-18 7-17 7-14
7-20
7-19
4-15
4-4
5-25-6
5-55-45-11
5-14 5-135-12
5-308-18-4
8-28-7
8-38-8
8-108-9
8-12
8-21
8-15 to 8-16
8-18
8-68-11
8-5
8-20
Shannon River Estuary SAC (5-22)
Capo Carbonara MPA (3-11)Capo Rizzuto Island MPA (3-14)
Sochinskiy National Nature Park (3-58)
Banc d'Arguin National Parkand Biosphere Reserve (8-19)
Northeast Greenland National Park (2-2)
Melville Bay Wildlife Sanctuary (2-3)
Great Arctic Zapovednik (2-7)Gydanskiy Zapovednik (2-8)
Nenetskiy Zapovednik (2-10)
Saguenay-St Lawrence Marine Park (4-1)
The Gully 'Marine Protected Area' (4-2)
Gerry E Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (4-12)
Marine Mammal Sanctuary of the Dominican Republic (7-34)
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (7-45)
De Hoop MPA (8-22)
Lago Piratuba Biological Reserve (9-19)
Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (9-20)
Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve (9-21)
Abrolhos National Marine Park (9-24)
Laje de Santos State Marine Park (9-27)
Right Whale EnvironmentalProtection Area (9-33)
Península Valdés Nature Reserve (9-6)
Península San Julián and Bahía de San Julián Nature Reserve (9-11)
Costa Atlántica de Tierra del Fuego Nature Reserve (9-14)
National Chambal Sanctuary (10-3)
Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary (10-4)
Lampi Island Marine National Park (10-7)
Daymaniyat Islands National Nature Reserve (11-1)
Indus River Dolphin Reserve (11-4)
Bazaruto Archipelago National Park (12-14)
Menai Bay Conservation Area (12-18)
Bunaken Marine National Park (13-2)
Cendrawasih Bay Marine National Park (13-4)
Johore Marine Park (13-19)
Langkawi Island Marine Park (13-20)Tañon Strait
Protected Seascape (13-25)
Pamilacan Island Marine Mammal Sanctuary (13-26)
Calayan Island Protected Area (13-29)
Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary (14-5)
Ha'apai Marine Conservation Area (14-16)
Robson Bight/Michael Bigg Ecological Reserve (15-1)
El Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve (15-10)
Loreto Bay National Park (Parque Nacional Bahía de Loreto) (15-13)
Upper Gulf of California and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve (15-14)
Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (15-16)
Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary (15-17)
Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary (15-18)
Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (15-19)
Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary (15-20)
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (15-21)
Lung Kwu Chau and Sha Chau Marine Park (16-1)
Baiji Natural Reserve (16-3)
Komandor Islands Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik (16-8)
Kronotskiy Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik (16-13)
Kurilskiy Zapovednik (16-15)
Lazovskiy Zapovednik (16-17)
Sikhote-Alinskiy Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik (16-18)
Francisco Coloane National Marine Park (17-1)
Ballena Marine National Park (17-10)
Galápagos Marine Resources Reserve and Galápagos Whale Sanctuary (17-11)
Cuyabeno Faunistic Reserve (17-13)
Coiba National Park (17-16)
Paracas National Reserve (17-19)
Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve (17-20)
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and World Heritage Area (18-1)
Solitary Islands Marine Reserve and Marine Park (18-2)
Macquarie Island Marine Park and World Heritage Area (18-8)
Cape Byron Marine Park (including Byron Bay Sanctuary) (18-21)
Great Australian Bight Marine National Park (18-36)
Shark Bay Marine Park and World Heritage Area (18-42)
Auckland Islands Marine Mammal Sanctuary and Marine Reserve (18-48)
Kandalakshskiy Zapovednik (2-9)
Shoynenskiy National Park (2-11)
Taymirskiy Zapovednik (2-12)
Ust'-Lenskiy Zapovednik (2-13)
Wrangel Island Zapovednik (2-14)
Koryakskiy Zapovednik (16-12)
South KamchatkaSanctuary (16-14)
Nalychevo Nature Park and Marine Nature Reserve (16-9)
Magadanskiy Zapovednik (16-19)
Dzhugdzhurskiy Zapovednik (16-11)
Maliy Kurils Zakaznik (16-16)
Poronayskiy Zapovednik (16-20) Botchinskiy Zapovednik (16-7)
Far Eastern Marine Zapovednik (16-10)
Vostok Gulf Marine National Park (16-21)
Auyuittug National Park (4-5)
Kiang West National Park (8-17)
Bahía Anegada Nature Reserve (9-1)
Shelf of the Northern CoastEnvironmental Protection Area (9-25)
Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (14-10)
Tasmanian Seamounts Marine Reserve (18-7)
Cape Howe MarineNational Park (18-26)
Wadden Sea(Waddensee)
Nature Reserve
Pelagos Sanctuaryfor MediterraneanMarine Mammals
Indian OceanSanctuary
Southern Ocean Sanctuary
Eastern TropicalPacific Seascape
14-B
14-H
14-G
14-D
17-A
12-A
9-A
8-B
7-B
15-A
5-B
5-A
4-A
18-B
18-A
14-E
14-F14-I
14-J
14-C
14-A
NetherlandsAntilles (Neth)
1-2
4-A
Existing international sanctuary
Existing national sanctuary
Proposed MPA
Existing MPA
Proposed international sanctuary
Proposed national sanctuary
o0
o30o30
o30o45o60o75o90o105o120o135o150o165
o60
o45
o30
o15
o0
o15
o30
o45
o60
o75
o165 o150 o135 o120 o105 o90 o75 o60 o45 o30 o15 o0 o15 o30 o45 o60 o75 o90 o105 o120 o135 o150 o165 o180
o75
o60
o45
o30
o15
o0
o30
o45
o60
o180o165o150o135o120o105o90o75o60o45
o60
o90o90
o120 o120
o150o150
o180
humpback whale
Megaptera novaeangliae
gray whale
Eschrictius robustus
narwhal family
Monodon monoceros
blue whale
Balaenoptera musculus
orca
Orcinus orca
short-beaked common dolphin
Delphinus delphis
Atlantic white-sided dolphin
Lagenorhynchus acutus
bottlenose dolphin (inshore form)
Tursiops truncatus
harbor porpoise
Phocoena phocoena
pantropical spotted dolphin
Stenella attenuata
striped dolphin
Stenella coeruleoalba
Amazon River dolphin
Inia geoffrensis
Cuvier's beaked whale
Ziphius cavirostris
Risso's dolphin
Grampus griseus
finless porpoise
Neophocaena phocaenoides
bottlenose dolphin (offshore form)
Tursiops truncatus
short-finned pilot whale
Globicephala macrorhynchus
Dall's porpoise
Phocoenoides dalli
Commerson's dolphin
Cephalorhynchus commersonnii
Hector's dolphin
Cephalorhynchus hectori
Abbreviations and Acronyms
MPA = marine protected areaNMCA = national marine conservation area (Canada)NWR = national wildlife refuge (US)NMS = national marine sanctuary (US)PA = protected areaSAC = special area of conservationSPAMI = special area of Mediterranean InterestZEC = zona especial de conservação
This world map shows marine protected areas (MPAs) in 102 countries and overseas territories which protect the habitat of whales, dolphins and porpoises (cetaceans). Worldwide, across the 18 marine regions covering every ocean and sea, there are 358 MPAs with cetacean habitat, 41 of which are proposed for expansion, plus 176 newly proposed MPAs for a total of 534 proposed or existing MPAs with cetacean habitat (Hoyt 2004). In addition, there are five existing and nine proposed international sanctuaries and 19 existing and four proposed national sanctuaries which provide lesser degrees of cetacean habitat protection.
This map is based on and designed to accompany the book, Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises: A world handbook for cetacean habitat conservation, by Erich Hoyt. Published 2004 by Earthscan, London. [Hardcover ISBN: 1844070638; paperback ISBN:1844070646]
Base world map: Data supplied by MapInfo Ltd, all rights reservedMap design: Lesley FramptonText and research: Erich HoytCetacean illustrations: © 2003, 2004 Pieter Arend Folkens / A Higher Porpoise Design GroupBook cover photograph: Hal Sato, Far East Russia Orca Project (WDCS)The MPA boundaries and locations shown are based on the best possible information available, some of which is sometimes contradictory; in other cases, distortions have occurred due to the projection used, particularly in the Arctic.
This poster has its own website dedicated to the study and conservation of cetacean habitat. To order the book or additional copies of the poster, please go to www.cetaceanhabitat.org.
Funding and support provided by WDCS, the Whale and Dolphin Conservation SocietyBrookfield House38 St Paul StreetChippenham, Wiltshire SN15 1LJUnited Kingdomweb: www.wdcs.org
Creating and managing effective MPAs for cetaceans depends upon:
the identification and strict protection of substantial areas of cetacean critical habitat, the places where whales and dolphins hunt, feed, court, play, mate and reproduce;
the implementation of an overall ecosystem-based management approach to ensure that ecosystems will remain healthy and support cetaceans into the future;
the institution of MPA networks to link the protected habitats of cetaceans throughout a population and a species' range;
a generous use of the precautionary approach when choosing and designing MPAs;
a good management plan with periodic review developed in conjunction with all stakeholders, including researchers, MPA managers, community members, boat operators, visitors and others;
identification and effective control of all cetacean threats (pollution, marine traffic, fishing conflicts); legislation and enforcement may be necessary; and
a push to identify and protect high seas habitats for cetaceans through regional and international agreements.
Abbreviations and Acronyms
MPA = marine protected areaNMCA = national marine conservation area (Canada)NWR = national wildlife refuge (US)NMS = national marine sanctuary (US)PA = protected areaSAC = special area of conservationSPAMI = special area of Mediterranean InterestZEC = zona especial de conservação
International Sanctuaries
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Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises