A Training Presentation

onAll India Radio(Bhopal)

Presented to: Dr. D.K GANGWAR H.O.D (ECE)

Presented by: Niwas kumas EC 7th sem

CONTENTS Introduction

Principle of All India RadioStudioPhone in program consoleControl RoomTransmitterAntennaSatellite role in AIRSummary

INTRODUCTION

• Radio is the transmission of signals by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies those of visible light .• Radio is based on wireless communication or satellite communication.• In this era of technology due to need of wireless communication , A national service was planned and developed by the Prasar Bharati broadcasting corporation of India.

Frequency used:S.W .Transmitter– 7180 KHZ & 8410 KHZ (41m)

M.W . Transmitter–  1593 KHZ (60m)F.M. Transmitter  – 103.5 MHZ (188.32m)

PRINCIPLE OF AIR

TransmittingA radio wave carries information signal; Signals are converted into electrical signals. A carrier wave is then produced from the modulation. The wave is then amplified, and sent to the antenna that then converts signal into an E.M. wave.

ReceivingAn antenna on receiving the signal send it to the receiver this then converts the electrical signal sends it to the amplifier either a speaker/headphones jack this is then converted into a sound wave. • Modulation

• Amplification

Transmission

STUDIO

There are following studio in AIR BHOPAL: --_ 1. DRAMA STUDIO: Recording of Drama, discussion, chat, phone in Program. 2 TALK STUDIO: For live program like talk and rural programs. 3. MUSIC STUDIO: Recording of musical programs and concerts. 4. CBS: Purely dedicated to commercial broadcasting service of Vividh Bharati 5. PLAYBACK STUDIO: For announcing and playback of songs and records. 6. DUBBTNG STUDIO: dubbing and editing of tapes.

PHONE IN PROGRAM CONSOLE

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF STUDIO

SWITCHER

CONTROL ROOM

PLAY BACK STUDIO

MUSIC STUDIO

TALK STUDIO

DUBBING/EDITING ROOM

CONTROL ROOM

SERVER

Control Room Audio Console Inputs and Outputs

CONTROL ROOM AUDIO

CONSOLE

BHOPAL(C-BAND DISH OUTPUT)

TALK STUDIO

MUSIC STUDIO

BSNL LINK TO OTHER

STATIONS

MASTER AMPLIFIER 1

OR 2PLAYBACK

STUDIOSTUDIO

TRANSMITTER LINK

AM TRANSMITTER

FM TRANSMITTER

TRANSMITTER

AM TRANSMITTER:- These transmitter are used to transmit the medium wave(MW) and short wave(SW).

The MW band has frequency between 550 KHz to 1650 KHz and SW band has frequency ranging from 3 MHz to 30 MHz

There is too much over-crowding in the AM broadcast bands and shrinkage in the night-time service due to fading, interference ,etc.

There are two types of AM transmitter that are used based on the their transmitting power are:-

1.High Level2.Low level

FM TRANSMITTER:- FM broadcasting offers several advantage over AM such as uniform day and night coverage, good quality listening and suppression of noise, interference.

All India Radio has gone in for FM broadcasting using Modern FM Transmitter .

The configuration of the transmitter being used in the network are:-

3 kW Transmitter

2*3 kW Transmitter

5 kW Transmitter

2*5 kW Transmitter

TRANSMITTER

FM transmitter AM transmitter

Block Diagram of Transmitter

Common Devices of FM transmitter and AM transmitter

• Exciter

• RF switch

• VHF amplifiers

• Adapter plug in unit

• Power distribution panel

• Combining and Monitoring panel

• Reject load

• Dummy load

ANTENNAAn antenna  or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver , In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequency (i.e. a high frequency alternating current (AC)) to the antenna's terminals, and the antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic waves(radio waves). In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, that is applied to a receiver to be amplified.

ROLE OF SATELLITE IN AIR•Satellite communication is the outcome of desire of the man to achieve the global village.

•Satellites are mainly used during broadcasting of vividh Bharati program from Mumbai with the help of up-linking and down-linking process.

SUMMARY

QUERIES…….

THANK YOU