Practical Problem Solving Using Mobile Technology

transcript

Practical Problem Solving

Using Mobile Technology #12NTCjsi @JSIhealth @WorldEd

Joy Kamunyori, JSI Mindy Nichamin, JSI David Noyes, WEI Marco Sotelino, WEI Sarah Hiller, JSI

PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

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• Overview

• Goal: to help you integrate mobile technology into your programs (or refine your current mobile tech programs), with an understanding of:

– How to use appropriate technology to address development challenges

– How to use new mobile tools and also re-purpose current tools

– How to use mobile technology to connect hard-to-reach populations with the information they need

• Poll

Today’s Presentation

Joy Kamunyori Technical Advisor John Snow, Inc. (JSI)

Zimbabwe: Using Images to Transmit Data

The Problem/Opportunity

Context

Context • Facilities offering antiretroviral therapy (ART)

report stock information every 2 months • 95% reporting rate, but 68% on-time

reporting rate • Affects timeliness of delivery of antiretroviral

drugs (ARVs) to facilities

PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 7

Reporting

• Forms sent to main warehouse by Expedited Mail Service (EMS) or in person

• Sometimes facilities give information via voice calls

• 80+% of facilities use cell phones to get contact Logistics Officers • 80+% have network coverage

• Urban facilities sometimes email scanned forms or Excel

The Problem • Facilities filling out forms on time, but not

arriving on time

• Focus: Decrease the amount of time taken for data to get from facilities to main warehouse

• How? Technology!

Main Constraint: 227 Data Points!

Other Constraints • Integration with current business processes

• Available infrastructure

• Adding to workload at facility

• Balancing current needs with future growth

The Solution

Potential Solutions

Submit via web interface

Scan and submit via internet

Submit from mobile handset via SMS

Voice phone call (IVR)

Submit from mobile handset using JAVA form over mobile data connection/SMS

Capture an image using mobile handset, and submit via mobile data connection

Implementation Plan • 2 month feasibility pilot (5 facilities) • Review and assess pilot • 6 month extended pilot (40 facilities) • Review and adjust • Scale up to all facilities

Challenges

• No MMS – images had to be sent via email • Added training elements • Setting up phones for email was difficult • Phones experienced difficulty sending

emails

• Only 2 facilities actively participated in pilot • Urban facilities did not participate

• Cell phone management

Results

Results • Most images were a little hazy but legible

• Approximately 90% of images arrived within

the minute

• 6% took less than 10 mins

• 3% took over an hour

• There were instances where messages were sent but not received

Next Steps

• Next phase of pilot will include 11 sites • Only remote facilities included

• MMS now available in country

• MMS option to be explored instead of email

• Increased training on good picture taking and cell phone management

CocoaLink: Using Mobile Technology

to Connect Cocoa Communities

David Noyes & Marco Sotelino Africa Division World Education, Inc.

15 CocoaLink communities in 3 districts of the Western region

Public-Private Partnership between The Hershey Company, World Cocoa Foundation, and Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD); funded by Hershey’s

Implemented by World Education, Inc.

Local partners CENCOSAD and DreamOval

Government support: COCOBOD, CRIG, NPECLC

CocoaLink: Ghana

Bean to bar is a long process (~2 million smallholder farmers in West Africa produce 66% of world production)

Ghana + Cote d'Ivoire produce most of the world's cocoa

Over 700,000 cocoa farmers in Ghana

Over 800,000 tons per year

20% of global production

Small farms (a few hectares)

Low yields: 400 kg/hectare/yr (optimal is ~3x more)

Aging farmer population

Cocoa Farming in Ghana

• Knowledge & Skills: tree nursery, tree spacing, pruning, monitoring and caring for trees, insect and disease control, use of fertilizer, harvesting & post-harvesting techniques – improved techniques

• Inputs: land, seeds, fertilizer, tools, transportation, access to credit – what farmers need

• Awareness: shift from subsistence, family-oriented activity to profitable agribusiness

Sustainable Cocoa Communities

• How do farmers acquire skills?

• Family/tradition, “learning by doing,” training programs, agriculture extension field agents

• Drawbacks of these means

• Use of practices that do not result in optimal yields (e.g. tree spacing, black pod)

• Low literacy levels and prohibitive cost per beneficiary of training programs

• Under-resourced extension service systems

Improving Skills Leads to Better Use of Inputs

Mobile Technology is Widespread in Ghana

The Solution

Ghana Government (COCOBOD, CRIG, National Program)

Best Practices in Cocoa Farming Implementing

Partners (WEI, CENCOSAD,

DreamOval)

Donors (Hershey,

Information Dissemination through Mobile Phones

Enrollment Service – Via Mobile/Short Code

Messages

• Developed with Ghanaian Government

• Address best practices in agriculture, as well as farm safety

• Timed to roll out with the different steps of cocoa growing and harvesting cycles

January: Lining and Pegging

“Do you want healthier looking, better yielding cocoa trees and a farm that is easier to work on? Then line and peg your farm at the recommended spacing of 3m x 3m (or 10ft x 10ft).”

March: Pruning

“Have you pruned your farm? You should prune your farm before the rainy season begins in April/May.”

August: Capsid Control

“Make it a point to spray your cocoa farm in August, September, October and December to control capsids. For effective results, use only CONFIDOR, ACTARA or AKATEMASTER.”

September: Harvesting

“Harvest your cocoa pods regularly when the pods are yellowish green or greenish yellow. Avoid cutting the pods so that the beans are not damaged.”

Farm Safety

“Protect your children’s future! Stop children below 18 years from working with agrochemicals.”

“Cover yourself well when spraying. Do not eat, drink or smoke during spraying. Dispose the chemical containers immediately by burying them.”

Inviting Farmers to Engage

“Do you have any questions or enquiries about cocoa farming activities? Then text to short code 1980 to receive prompt response.”

Two Way Message System

Community-Based Activities Reinforce Messages

• Educational sessions have taken place in all 15 communities, reaching over 1000 individual farmers (~40% women)

• Community-level meetings allow farmers to share learning and ask specific questions

• Visits by extension officers are more productive and are registering farmers

• Local language delivery (Twi & Sefwi)

• CocoaLink News

Results

• Delivers critical information:

– Agricultural, farm safety, child labor, and health messages via text and voice in local languages

– Uses extension material to respond to farmers’ information needs

• Builds skills:

– Majority of farmers own phones but don’t know how to text

– Builds on literacy skills being developed in the ECHOES program

• Connects farmers and extension service workers:

– Dramatically multiplies Ghana’s extension services and in a more cost-effective manner

– Initial phase will directly involve 1,450 cocoa farmers (8,000 farm family members); scale-up plan to reach out to 100,000 farmers nationwide

• Expected to Enhance Prosperity:

– Strengthening the families’ financial position by improving cocoa productivity

Expected Results

Challenges

• Low literacy levels of farmers (capacity to read messages and manipulate phone)

• Further development of 2-way messaging system

• Technical challenges (farmers receive messages in wrong language, registered users not receiving messages; lack of access to electricity – 24 hour window for message)

• Farmers have information, but not able to afford some inputs

Moving Forward

• Build the role of extension workers in registering farmers

• Move to new regions in Ghana

• Accompany where possible with training in phone usage and literacy

• Expand to other cocoa producing countries

AIDS.gov

& Mobile

Mindy Nichamin AIDS.gov New Media Coordinator John Snow, Inc. (JSI)

Smartphone Platforms

in the US, 2011

• 52% of U.S. adults

phone owners have smartphones

• Android

• iOS

Canalys & Pew Internet

• Smartphones and tablets outshipped PCs (desktop and notebooks) for the first time in Q4 2011

The Rise of Mobile

80% of internet users have looked online for health information. This translates to 59% of all adults.

Source: The Social Life of Health Information, May 12, 2011 by Susannah Fox

Pew Internet & American Life Project

Source: “Mobile Access 2010,” Pew Internet & American Life Project

46 African

Americans

51 Hispanics/

Latinos 33

Whites

% of people who use their phone to go online

30 years ago

Mobile in 1981

Mobile today

The Solution

• Lowest

common

denominator

• Universal

adoption

Tiers of Adoption

Mobile Web

– Nearly universal

Applications

– Targeted experience

– Platform specific (Android,

iOS, Windows, Blackberry,

Tiers of Adoption

Mobile App

(iPhone, Android, BB)

Mobile Website

Mobile App

(iPhone only)

$0 $22,500 $45,000 $90,000$67,500

Cost vs. Users Reached = 10,000

users reached

Source: Mashable – Aaron Maxwell

Return on Investment

www.AIDS.gov

m.AIDS.gov

Results

AIDS.gov Mobile Site

• Mobile accounts for

15% of all traffic

to AIDS.gov (just 4%

1 year ago)

• Mobile visits

increased 1100% over the past year

28,000 actual searches

13% are mobile

18% The proportion of mobile users who land on

“How you get HIV or AIDS” (making it the most viewed page on m.AIDS.gov)

Mobile users are coming to us for what they see as our most important content and are bypassing the home page altogether.

Private/Personal

QR Codes

AIDS.gov Locator

http://locator.AIDS.gov

AIDS.gov Mobile Site

http://m.AIDS.gov

Lance Roggendorff LRoggendorff@icfi.com

@lroggendorff

Luke Wroblewski

www.lukew.com

@lukew

Josh Clark www.globalmoxie.com

@globalmoxie

Pew Internet & American Life Project

www.pewinternet.org @Pew_Internet

Jeremy Vanderlan JVanderlan@icfi.com

@thulcandrian

Resources

blog.AIDS.gov

twitter.com/AIDSgov

facebook.com/AIDSgov

youtube.com/AIDSgov

foursquare.com/AIDSgov

http://m.AIDS.gov

http://locator.AIDS.gov

Stay Connected

1. You can do a lot with your grandmother’s cell phone. You don’t need a smart phone to make an impact, but in the United States, it helps.

2. Appropriate technology is the new black. Appropriate = sexy. Pass it on.

3. Big change does not require a big investment. Re-use and Recycle.

Key Take Aways

Contact Us Joy Kamunyori

jkamunyori@jsi.com

Mindy Nichamin mnichamin@jsi.com

David Noyes dnoyes@worlded.org

Marco Sotelino msotelino@worlded.org

Sarah Hiller shiller@jsi.com

twitter.com/JSIhealth

twitter.com/WorldEd

facebook.com/JSIhealth

facebook.com/WorldEd

youtube.com/JSIhealth

gplus.to/jsi

Evaluate This Session! Each entry is a chance to win an NTEN engraved iPad!

or Online at www.nten.org/ntc/eval

Thank you!