M.M.PALITHA MAHINDA MUNASINGHE

FARM MECHANICAL INSTRUCTOR

palithamahinda@yahoo.com

PRE HARVEST TECHNIQUE

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Why

Cereal grain,Vegetable, Roots and Fruit, are lost on the ground before harvest

PRE HARVEST LOSS

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CARE IT BEFORE CUT

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CONTROL FEELING THIRST

Early Stage Growing Stage Flowering Stage Maturity time

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FEEDING WITH NOURISHMENT

Organic Fertilizer Chemical Fertilizer

Quantity Point in time

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CONTROL THE PESTS

Herbicides Pesticides

Insecticide

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When to Harvest

Harvesting Techniques

Agri - Activities

MAKE A DECISION

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IndexesTraditional Method Recommended

Method

GATHER YIELD

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DECIDE ON YOUR OWN

Traditional Method

• Immature

• Mature(By looking and sampling)

Sight, Touch, Smell, Taste and Resonance

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MAKE YOUR MIND UP

Recommended Method

• Length of life

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HARVEST ON TIME

Crop Length of life

CassavaKirikavadi

18-20 months after planting06 months

Bitter guard 14 days after blooming

Capsicum 70-80 days after planting

Bean 45 days after planting (bush)60 days after planting

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HARVEST ON TIME – contd.

Pumpkin 60 days after blooming

Snake gourd 60-75 days after planting

Lady's finger 50 days after planting

Brinjal 10-12 weeks after planting

Cauliflower 90 days after planting

Beetroot 75-90 days after planting

Onion (red)

do (Kalpitiya)

90-100 days after planting85-90 days after planting

Passion fruit (Yellow)

do (Indigo)

70 days after blooming 90 days after blooming

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Mechanically

Manually

TECHNIQUES OF HARVESTING

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MANUAL HARVESTING

Crop Equipment

High tree fruits With a hook and a catching a bag on a pole

Lettuce, Cabbage, Sweet pepper, Egg-plant, Melons

Knives and Clippers

Leafy vegetables and Bulb crop (Garlic, Onions)

Sharp Knife*

Apples, Citrus, Papaya, Tomatoes, Strawberries, Peas

By hand**

Tuber and root crop Fork or Hoes with or and Lever

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MECHANICAL HARVESTING

Crop Equipment

Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sugar Crane

Reaper binder, Combine Harvester

Tuber and root crop( Potato, Peanuts)

Potato Digger, Inverter

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SAFEGUARDING HARVESTDamp cloths Protection against sun’s

heat

sprinkled with water Maintain leaf turgidity

Field Tent Produce cool and allow ventilation

Drying Remove moisture

Curing Thickening and hardening skins*

Trimming and sorting Protection to head

Prevent damage to other fruits

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AN INTERGRATED PRODUCTION / MARKETING

CHAIN

Inputs

Nurseries

Farm Site

Market

Post harvestFertilizers

Irrigation

Crop Protection

Harvesting

Grading

Packing

Storage

Processing

Production

Transport

Sale Traders

Pre harvest

Crop Production Trends

+ Opportunities

Profit/Loss Prices

Credit

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PATHWAY- CEREAL HARVESTIN

G

THRESHING

CLEANING

DRYINING STORAGE

PACKING

PACKING

GRADING

DRYINING

SALE

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PATHWAY- VEGETABLEHARVESTIN

G

CLEANING

PROCESSING

(DE – HYDRATION) STORAGE

PACKING

PACKING

GRADING

DRYINING

SALE

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PATHWAY- FRUITHARVESTIN

G

CLEANING

PROCESSINGSTORAGE

PACKING

GRADING

SALE

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