Predicting Products of Chm Rxns

Synthesis

Synthesis•M + X MaXb

Synthesis•MO + CO2 Ma(CO3)b

Synthesis•MO + SO2 Ma(SO3)b

Decomposition

Heating metal carbonates

Mx(CO3)y

MxOy + CO2

Heating metal bicarbonates

M(HCO3)y

MO + H2O + CO2

Heating ammonium carbonate

(NH4)2CO3

NH3 + H2O + CO2

Heating metal chlorates

M(ClO3)y

MCly + O2

Heating metal nitrates

M(NO3)y

M(NO2)y + O2

Active metals in water (SR)

M + H2O

M(OH)y + H2

Active metal oxides in water

MxOy + H2O

M(OH)y

Nonmetals oxide in water

XOn + H2O

HzXOm

Single Displacement

MaXb + Yc

MaYb + Xc

Single Displacement

MaXb + A

AaXb + M

Double Displacement

MaXb + AcYd

MeYf + AgXh

CombustionCxHyOz add O2

CO2 + H2O

REDOX

REDOX•Acidified or

basified X plus ox or red agent

Oxidizing Agents

MnO4-1

Cr2O7-2

Reducing Agents

Column I & II

CO

Oxidation•The ox # of something goes up while the ox # of the oxidizing agent goes down, then balance

Reduction•The ox # of something goes down while the ox # of the reducing agent goes up, then balance

Dehydrating Agent

Heat & H2SO4

Dehydration•Remove water

Acid/BaseHA + MOH

MA + HOH

Complex IonsPositive Metal ion plus: Cl- SCN-

CN- NH3 OCN-