Post on 31-Dec-2015
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Preschool Physical Development 3 & 4 year olds
Gross Motor SkillsFine Motor SkillsSelf Help Skills
General Facts Growth slows down Posture is upright Average height –38 inches Average weight –32 pounds
Gross Motor- 3 yearsUse of the large muscles
•Arms•Legs•Back
-Hold up head-Roll over-Sit up-Crawl-Stand holding on-Stand alone-Walk
Walking-sequential skill
Climbing Stairs - sequential Ascending 2 Feet / Stair Belly or butt slide down, feet first Descending2 Feet /Stair Alternate feet Ascending Alternate feet descending
Throwing a Ball
Underhand – small ball goes straight up
Overhand – small ball goes straight down
Best to use a large soft ball
Catching a Ball
•Two arms pull to chest•Large ball or bean bag suggested
Kicking a ball Ball should be stationary Rolled ball goes under leg
Balance On beam-walk heel to toe or
sideways Balance one foot-8 sec. Hopping-one foot-3 consecutive
hops, then stop for balance Jumping-2 feet, can go forever
Pedaling Big Wheels are recommended
Fine Motor Skills Use of the small muscles
Fingers, toes
Drawing- sequential skill From shoulder, fist grip From elbow, fist grip From wrist, finger grip From fingers, correct grip Simple shapes, Trace more complex shapes
Drawing a Face Features are positioned but not
proportioned
Drawing a figure Body has three parts
Cutting –sequential skill Can cut paper in half Cannot cut on a line
Self Help Skills Toilet training Eating Dressing Bathing Grooming
Toilet Training Bowels First
Eating Spoons-fist grip used Fork-stabbing motion Knife-spread Cup- 2 hands Capable of clearing their place
Dressing
Give choices, not total freedom Clothing backwards, inside-out, not
matched, lopsided Fasteners-one piece zippers, large
buttons and snaps, unbuckle Shoes on wrong feet Cannot tie, need velcro
Bathing
Capable, but never leave alone
Grooming Able to brush teeth and comb hair,
but need parental help