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transcript
“Power to the People : Indicators for Accountability”
Presentation by
Shailaja ChandraExecutive Director
National Population Stabilisation FundGovernment of India
Istanbul, Turkey27-30 June 2007
“Measuring and Fostering the Progress of Societies”
Second OECD World Forum on “Statistics, Knowledge and Policy”
Presentation HighlightsPower to the People :
Indicators for Accountability
The presentation is in 3 parts :- The Government-Citizen partnership
Bhagidari which empowered the public to hold Policy Makers Accountable.
How Right to Information improved Governance.
Measuring Inequity through GIS mapping and Census data.
Bhagidari : Government-Citizen Partnership
Aims
To develop a democratic framework providing information to people to engage in collective action with the government.
To address the cynicism and apathy of citizens towards civic issues.
To enhance public scrutiny of government functioning
To make government responsive and participatory
Part-I
Evolution of Bhagidari
Government felt the need to involve citizens in the planning process.
This was necessary because with three levels of political representation public awareness about responsibility and accountability was poor.
Bhagidari : Government-Citizen PartnershipPart-I
NATIONAL CAPITAL TERRITORY OF DELHI :NATIONAL CAPITAL TERRITORY OF DELHI :LEGISLATIVE & ADMINISTRATIVE SET UPLEGISLATIVE & ADMINISTRATIVE SET UP
Parliamentary Representatives
for Delhi
National Capital Territory of Delhi
Municipal Corporation of Delhi
7 Parliamentary Seats
Legislative Assembly70 Elected Members
272 Corporators
7 Members of Parliament
70 Assembly Constituencies
272 Wards
Population of New Delhi : 13.85 Million
Part-I
Evolution of Bhagidari
Wide consultations were held with all stakeholders - Resident Welfare Associations, Market and Traders Associations and NGOs who were taught how government organisations function and to whom they are accountable.
Representatives of the Resident Welfare Associations were acquainted with the process for viewing the status and measuring physical outcomes of
projects and services.
Bhagidari : Government-Citizen PartnershipPart-I
Information provided at Sensitization Workshops
Organisational set up of each provider agency.
Departmental hierarchy. Systems prescribed for grant of
services. Average time taken to provide
service. System for redressal of grievances.
Bhagidari : Government-Citizen partnershipPart-I
Each RWA was trained in the dynamics of governance.
RWAs became a focus for citizens issues relating to supply of water, electricity, sanitation and conservancy services, crime, women’s security.
More than 1800 Resident Welfare Associations were established.
Bhagidari : Government-Citizen partnership
PROCESS
Part-I
The RWAs were shaken out of their apathy.
They questioned poor provision of services and insisted on improvement.
The movement forced service providers to become responsive.
Bhagidari : Government-Citizen partnership
OUTCOME
Part-I
Recognition . . .
Bhagidari was awarded the United Nations Public Service Awards 2005 in the category of “Improving Transparency, Accountability and Responsiveness in the Public Service” from amongst 215 entries worldwide.
Bhagidari : Government-Citizen partnershipPart-I
Delhi Right to Information Act, 2001
Delhi enacted the Right to Delhi enacted the Right to Information Act in 2001.Information Act in 2001.
The Act provides every citizen The Act provides every citizen the right to obtain information the right to obtain information from government departments.from government departments.
Part-II
Illustrative cases coming under the Delhi Right to Information Act
1: Information about the maintenance of public parks, roads of MCD/NDMC and encroachment on public areas or public property.
2: Details about road construction, quality of material used, measurement books and award of tenders.
3: Work orders issued by agencies like MCD alongwith names of contractors, amount paid to them and names of supervisory officials. Date of completion of the work.
Contd..
Part-II
Illustrative cases coming under the Delhi Right to Information Act
4: Operation of fair price shops, availability, quality of commodities supplied. Action taken on complaints of diversion of stocks, non supply to genuine card holders.
5: Criteria followed for acceptance or rejection of applications for admission to institutions/ schools.
6: Deployment of sweepers,
gardeners and sanitary inspectors in a specific area or colony.
Part-II
Status of Delhi Right to Information Act, 2001 Application Received and Disposed off
(Upto March, 2007)
Number of Applications Information
Received Disposed Off Given Not Given
Total 10921 10446 9477 969
Source : Department of Administrative Reforms, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi.
Part-II
Bhagidari & Right to
Information
Summary of Outcomes
The combination of the Bhagidari movement and the Right to Information Act has helped the public to :
To speak out and bring up public issues in a united manner.
To insist on being heard.
To made participatory democracy the bulwark of urban governance.
Part-II
India's Population
Population growth is one of India's biggest challenges. Since 1951 the population of the country has increased from 361 million to 1 billion.
Measuring Inequity through
GIS Maps and Census Data
Part-III
Part-III
Part-III
India has a federal structure with 28 states and 7 Union Territories.
MAP OF INDIA Population of India is 1.03 billion.Part-III
Map of Madhya Pradesh state in India(One out of 28 states in India)
Population of Madhya Pradesh is 60.35 million
Part-III
Map of Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh State(Out of 45 districts in the state)
Population of Jhabua district is 1.4 million
Part-III
USING GIS M
APS &
CENSUS DATA
MADHYA PRADESH STATE
Example - 1
Contd..
Part-III
Nathpada 267
Makodiya 1680
Narela 2050
Dhumadiya 1037
Dhamni Chhoti 2436
Narsigh Pada 508
Rupgarh 1236
Dhamni Badi 1097
Bhim Kund 1279
Kasadiya 169
Kheriya Pada 374
Rundipada 507
Bhamal 2352
Khajuri 782
Machhlai Mata 709
Tejpura 385
Chainpuri 515
Mahudifaliya 303
Sutareti 985
Beed Mahudipada 766
Naharpura Khejada 697
Pada Dhamanjhar 655
Naw a Pada Kasba 818
Junw aniya Chhota 1062
Semaliya Khawasa 3055
Nawa Pada Khaw asa 385
Parw aliya 3215
Ratanpada 330
Bhurighati 451
Bherugarh Alias Ramgarh 1246
Junw aniya Badda 735
Battha 1926
Chhayan 547
Sujapura 1716
Allipura 621
Jhariya Pada 319
Devgarh 799
Balakhori 517
Borw a 430
Gularipada 770
Sagw a 893
Ranni 3185
Naharpura Khawasa 810
Kundiyapada 347
Bordi 1123
Semalpada 1597
Nawapada Kalirundi 335
Semaliya(Thandla) 1157
Khokhar Khandan 640
MADHYA PRADESH Jhabua Thandla
Within 0-5 Kms 5-10 Kms>10Kms
Village Name Total Population
Village Name Total Population
Kushalpura 784
Parw ada 3131
Panch Kheriya 1803
Harinagar 656
Marjhari 4039
Bahadarpada 671
Udepuriya 1631
Sagw ani 439
Bhimpuri 1266
Daulatpura 2194
Deoka 892
Khandan 1356
Khataw ala 246
Dungari Pada 1322
Annupura 817
Goriya Khandan 1786
Kotda 1038
Roziya 1017
Hedaw a 1354
Chikaliya 1084
Timarw ani 1221
Bedaw a 2714
Amli 874
Kaldela 2010
Thetham 1240
Nogaw a Kaliya 282
Nogaw a Semla 462
Nogaw a Nagla 370
Ratnali 1180
Madalda 3513
Manpur 1028
Talaw ada 2214
Juna Khaw asa 250
Kesharpura 477
Chapaner 1479
Chaw ariya 291
Patdi 570
Agnaliyapada 745
Munjal 1127
Guw alrundi 650
Jharni 1822
Ruparel 339
Bihar 863
Udeganj 477
Balw asa 4098
Gopalpura 395
Bhimpura 278
Hamirphalya 455
Dhamanjhar 795
Miyati 1774
Sadeda 404
Ramnagar 216
Chhapri 1150
Palasdor 3168
Ganeshpura 620
Naw apada (Kakanw ani) 778
Kukadipada 1787
Rukmanipada 204
Charpotipada 341
Thandagoli 77
Jhosali 794
Village Name Total Population
Village Name
Total Population
USING CENSUS DATAExample – 1
Contd..
Contd..
Part-III
State – Madhya PradeshDistrict - Jhabua
Example – 1
Contd..
Part-III
Map of Bihar state in India(Out of 28 states in India)
Example - 2
Contd..
Population of Bihar is 83 million
Part-III
Map of Araria district of Bihar State(One district out of 37 districts in the state)
Example – 2
Contd..
Contd..Population of Araria district is 2.1 million
Part-III
USING GIS MAPS &
CENSUS DATA
BIHAR STATE
Contd..
Example – 2
Contd..
Part-III
USING CENSUS DATA
Contd..
Example – 2
Contd..
Part-III
State – BiharDistrict - Araria
Example – 2
Contd..
Part-III
What has been achieved
The amalgamation of GIS Mapping and Census The amalgamation of GIS Mapping and Census Data has given district and sub-district level Data has given district and sub-district level information in visual form.information in visual form.
The distances of villages from primary health The distances of villages from primary health facilities have depicted underserved areas with facilities have depicted underserved areas with a high degree of specificity.a high degree of specificity.
The bar charts representing key health and The bar charts representing key health and social indices have brought out inter district social indices have brought out inter district disparity.disparity.
CONCLUSION
It is vitally important to assemble and project indicators and information for public consumption.
It is important to orient people to view information in a way that affects them.
This can urge people including media and NGOs to raise questions about accountability.
The power of information can become a turning point for the electorate to demand change and insist on accountability.