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PRINCÍPIOS PARA A GOVERNANÇA GLOBAL DA INTERNET
C L A U D I A M E L O E R I S H A B B A I L E Y
CryptoRave | São Paulo 2014
2
CLAUDIA MELO RISHAB BAILEY D i r e t o r a d e T e c n o l o g i a
T h o u g h t W o r k s B r a s i l D i r e c t o r L e g a l o f K C
Source: http://www.computerhistory.org/internet_history/full_size_images/1983_topo.gif
We are creating a world that all may enter without privilege or prejudice accorded by race, economic power, military force, or station of birth.
- John Perry Barlow / EFF, 1996 A Declaration of Independence of Cyberspace
A PROMESSA DE UMA INTERNET DEMOCRÁTICA
5
The Internet is our best hope…. for the world finally starting to become a global community and everybody just getting along with everyone else.
The Internet offers a tremendous ’Peace dividend’ resulting from improved communications with and improved knowledge of other people, countries and cultures.
- Bulashova and Cole, 1995
- Harley Hahn, 1993
Schultz, T. 2000. “Mass media and the concept of interactivity: an exploratory study of online forums and reader email”
A esperança é que a nova mídia vai facilitar os processos de consenso em que os participantes irão participar de um discurso público livre dos imperativos do dinheiro e poder.
- Schultz, 2000.
2013: UMA PROMESSA QUEBRADA
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Smart technologies are not just disruptive; they can also preserve the status quo. Revolutionary in theory, they are often reactionary in practice.
- Evgeny Morozov, “Net Delusion”
In a broadcast society, there were gatekeepers and editors that controlled information flows. The Internet allowed us all to connect together, and it was awesome. But that’s not actually what’s happening right now.”
- Eli Pariser, “Filter Bubble”
Source: Gregory Rule, Interactivity and Democracy in Online Media
Comunicação mediada por computador geralmente não faz jus ao discurso democrático…as desigualdades e exclusões que resultam da distribuição desigual de poder na sociedade tendem a ser reproduzida no ambiente online.
Vigilância em massa Colonialismo Digital
Privatização do conhecimento
Monopólio
Controle político e econômico
Controle da infraestrutura
A INTERNET ESTÁ QUEBRADA
CONTROLE DA INFRAESTRUTURA
Source: Telegeography.com
INFRA-ESTRUTURA LATINO-AMERICANA NÃO ESTÁ EM NOSSAS MÃOS
Global telecommunications traffic flows in 2010 (millions of minutes)
Traffic flows (Mbps)
Source: Rogers/TeleGeography
FLUXO DE COMUNICAÇÃO: MAIORIA PASSA PELOS USA
ONDE FICAM OS DATA CENTERS?
Source: http://www.datacentermap.com/cloud.html
INTERCEPTANDO COMUNICAÇÕES DENTRO DA AT&T (FOLSOM STREET)
Source: Electronic Frontier Foundation, https://www.eff.org/nsa-spying
Sour
ce: W
ashi
ngto
n Po
st
US Gov’t Interest In Domain Name Veto Represents Yet Another PR Nightmare
Ridiculously Broad Ruling Against DVD Ripper Software Has Court Allow Seizure Of Domains, Social Media & More
http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/a-us-judge-erased-a-chinese-company-from-the-web-because-of-copyright http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20140310/16392526519/ridiculously-broad-ruling-against-dvd-ripper-software-has-court-allow-seizure-domains-social-media-more.shtml
Sour
ce: h
ttp://
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VIGILÂNCIA E CONTROLE
O que significa o controle da infraestrutura?
MONOPÓLIO
Read more: http://www.knowledgecommons.in/brasil/?page_id=88
Read more: http://www.knowledgecommons.in/brasil/?page_id=88
DATA CENTERS DO GOOGLE (2008)
Source: http://tctechcrunch2011.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/google-data-center-map-world.jpg
“Vigilância é um esporte coletivo”
SERVERS
ROUTERS
ROOM SURVEILLANCE
WIRELESS LAN
MOBILE NETWORKS
CELL PHONES
USB
COMPUTERS & MONITORS
KEYBOARDS
Source: Der Spiegel
CONTROLE DE (QUASE) TUDO?
CONTROLE POLÍTICO E ECONÔMICO
Source: http://www.docstoc.com/docs/76546731/ICANN-GAC-Organization
QUEM OS ELEGEU?
Source: Wikipedia
CORTANDO O OXIGÊNIO
Vice-presidente do PayPal falando
sobre o bloqueio ao WikiLeaks:
“O Departamento de Estado disse que aquilo era ilegal”
ALVOS "TERRORISTAS” OU "DOMINAÇÃO ECONÔMICA E HEGEMONIA POLÍTICA”?
97,000,000,000 pieces of intelligence collected
Verizon/ AT&T
Stellar Wind
Spinner Net PRISM Moonlight
Path Shell
Trumpet Master
The Internet
Iran 14b
Pakistan 13b
Jordan 13b
Egypt 8b
India 6b
Germany 0.5b
USA 3b
… …
Mar ‘13
Email Web Phone Source: Guardian/ Washington Post
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The Guardian, http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jun/16/gchq-intercepted-communications-g20-summits
Source: http://gadebate.un.org/68/brazil
PRIVATIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
HOW DOES THIS HELP SOCIETY?
Sour
ce: D
roid
Mat
ters
Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/17/technology/a-bull-market-in-tech-patents.html
“Um smartphone pode estar aberto a
250.000 pedidos de patentes, diz Google”
CONHECIMENTO ABERTO COMO BEM PÚBLICO
Source: http://www.dailytech.com/Netflix+CEO+Warns+of+Possible+Grim+Future+PostNet+Neutrality/article34189.htm
CONHECIMENTO ABERTO COMO BEM PÚBLICO
Source: http://hri.ugis.berkeley.edu/content/human-rights-uc-berkeley
Of the 6000+ cases analysed under the UDRP, in instances where a critical website has been
proceeded against – transfer or rights is mandated in 67% of cases.
WHERE’S THE 1ST AMENDMENT
NOW?
Read more: Milton Mueller, cf. Dawn C Nunziato, Freedom of Expression, Democratic Norms, and Internet Governance, 2003
SNOWDEN MANNING SWARTZ HAMMOND
PROCESSADOS POR ACORDAR TODA A HUMANIDADE
” Aquele que sacrifica liberdade por segurança, não merece nenhuma da duas” – Benjamin Franklin
Source: Various
ANTI-TERRORISMO COMO JUSTIFICATIVA PARA TUDO
ELES PODEM USAR METADADOS PARA MAPEAR CADA PASSO SEU
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MAIS DE 50.000 REDES INFECTADAS COM SOFTWARE MALICIOSO!
Sour
ce:
Vario
us
PRECISAMOS DESMILITARIZAR A INTERNET
“Five Eyes”
NSA data center, Maryland
NSA data center, Utah
GCHQ data center, UK
COLONIALISMO DIGITAL
Source: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/indiahome/indianews/article-2327025/VISUAL-EDIT-What-language-does-internet-speak-Not-ours.html
O MUNDO OLHA PARA A AMÉRICA DO SUL!
Source: Marxists.org
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#1 . THE INTERNET SHOULD BE VIEWED AS A GLOBAL COMMONS RATHER THAN MERELY A MARKET PLACE AND SHOULD NEVER BE A THEATRE OF WAR.
Our submission to NetMundial: http://content.netmundial.br/contribution/towards-reform-of-global-internet-governance/240
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#2 . DRAG NET SURVEILLANCE, ECONOMIC ESPIONAGE AND NETWORK SABOTAGE ARE NOT LEGITIMATE ACTIVITIES AND SHOULD BE EXPLICITLY OUTLAWED.
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#3 . COMPETITION LAW, CONSUMER LAW AND OPEN INTEROPERABILITY STANDARDS NEED TO APPLY TO ONLINE MARKETS.
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#4 . UNREGULATED, NON-TRANSPARENT AND DISPROPORTIONATE STATE CONTROLS THAT CONDUCT MASS SURVEILLANCE OF CITIZENS VIOLATES FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND OTHER FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS MUST BE OUTLAWED.
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#5 . THE INFORMATION THAT COMPANIES CAN COLLECT, STORE AND USE ON USERS MUST BE RESTRICTED.
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#6 . DIGITAL COLONIALISM MUST BE RECOGNIZED AND ADDRESSED.
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MANY OF THE SOLUTIONS FOR THE FUTURE OF INTERNET GOVERNANCE ARE TECHNICAL, AND WITHOUT A TECHNICAL GROUNDING, MANY OF THE POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORKS MIGHT BE MEANINGLESS. Our tech submission to NetMundial: http://content.netmundial.br/contribution/towards-reform-of-global-internet-technical-framework/270
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