Principles of Oncology

Professor Ravi Kant

Concepts

• Cancer= Crab• Some Egyptian mumies have cancer• Rudolf Virchow-1821-1902- Omnes cellula e

cellula• Theodor Boveri-1914 chromosomal

abnormalities• Watson & Crick-1953- DNA

Apoptosis

Cancer cells →

• Undemocratic• Autonomous• Avoid Apoptosis• Neoangiogenesis• Invasion• Proliferation

Cancer cellls

• Genomic instability

Malignant transformation

Gompertzian curve

Kaplan-Meier Curve

Clinical implication of Gompertzian curve

Genetic Cancer

• Breast• Thyroid

Prevention of Cancer

• Diet• Life style

Early detection of cancer

• Screening- for cancer of • Oral: Intraoral examination• Breast: Mammography• Stomach: Upper GI endoscopy • Prostate: PSA level in serum

Diagnosis & Staging

Rx of Cancer

• Surgery• Radiotherapy• Chemotherapy• Isotope Therapy• Immunotherapy• Immuno-modulation• Receptor blockade of cancer

Team

• Multidisciplinary approach

Rx of

• T= Tumour• N= Node• M= Metastasis

Palliation

End of life care

• ? Nobel prize

Quality of life

• Dignity

Thanks