PROF. BÜNYAMIN ŞAHIN ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, TURKİYE...

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PROF. BÜNYAMİN ŞAHİNONDOKUZ MAYİS UNİVERSİTY, FACULTY OF MEDİCİNEDEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, TURKİYEBSAHİN@OMU.EDU.TR

Tips of Subject Selection in Researches

OUTLINEOUTLINE

1) Source for ideas2) Criteria for selecting a research problem3) Delimiting the research problem4) Research and value judgments

Introduction

• "It is really important to do the right research as well as to do the research right. You need to do 'wow' research, research that is compelling, not just interesting." – George Springer, chairman of the aeronautics and astronautics department at Stanford

University

• Your decisions and the right research topic. Your career success will be determined by those two choices.

ResearchResearch Research is the systematic collection,

analysis and interpretation of data to answer a certain question.

Steps of Scientific ResearchSteps of Scientific Research

Ethical issues

Question Identified

Hypothesis Formed

Research Plan

Data Collection

Analyze of the Results

Conclusions

1)1) SOURCE FOR IDEASSOURCE FOR IDEAS

The problems encountered in your daily life ...Experience + Observation + Needs + Interests = Research problem

Read professional literatures ...Suggestions from investigators

Request comments of supervisor

2)2) CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A RESEARCH CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A RESEARCH PROBLEMPROBLEM

Sustained motivation Adequate training and personal

preferences Feasibility Importance to your profession

Criteria for selecting a research problemCriteria for selecting a research problem

Sustained motivation

Are you really interested in the topic which you have chosen?Are you really excited about what you wish to study?have some practical value in helping you in your future career?

Adequate training and personal preferencesDo you have enough training to undertake a certain study?

Research design Manage most of your research study by yourself

Which type of research appeals to you? Historical, descriptive, experimental research… Observation, interview, questionnaire, test…

Are you impatient to getfairly immediate results or do you have patience to wait?

FeasibilityDo you have sufficient time to carry it out?

Meet the deadlines at your school or job.Do you have access to subjects?

Available equipment and research tools Institutional sponsorship and cooperation The need to protect privacy of individual A problem may be too complex

Importance to your profession

Is the proposed project has some value to your profession?

Original study Make contribution by replicating a

studyDoes it add to our store of information?Does it provide fresh insights for some of your colleagues?

The results may be helpful to guidance counselors.

3. DELIMITING THE RESEARCH 3. DELIMITING THE RESEARCH PROBLEMPROBLEM

Delimiting the research problemDelimiting the research problem

The way to accomplish this task: Read extensively in the literature related to your

field of interest. Seek assistance from your supervisor. Notice the difference between delimitation and

limitation.

Categories of delimitations:

1) The number of observations, subjects or cases

2) Time and geographic location3) The selection of sources (especially in

historical-documentary research)

• The most successful research topics are narrowly focused and carefully defined, but are important parts of a broad-ranging, complex problem.

What is a “Literature Review”?What is a “Literature Review”? “…a literature review

surveys scientific articles, books, medical journals, dissertations and other sources […].”

What is a “Literature Review”?What is a “Literature Review”?

Literatures reviewLiteratures review

Problem formulation Literature search Data evaluation Analysis and interpretation

Literature review requires four stages:

WORKING WITH LITERATUREWORKING WITH LITERATURE

Working with Working with LiteratureLiterature

Find it!Find it!Find it!Find it! Manage it!Manage it!Manage it!Manage it! Use it!Use it!Use it!Use it! Review it!Review it!Review it!Review it!

Knowing the literature typesKnowing the

literature types

ReadingefficientlyReadingefficiently

Choosing your research topic

Understanding the lit review’s purpose

Using available resourcesUsing available resourcesKeeping track of references

Keeping track of references

Developing your questionDeveloping your questionEnsuring adequate

coverageEnsuring adequate

coverage

Honing your search skills

Writing relevant annotationsWriting relevant annotations Arguing your

rationale Arguing your

rationale

Informing your work with theory

Designingmethod

Writingpurposefully

Working on style and toneWorking on

style and tone

SOURCES OF LITERATURESOURCES OF LITERATURE

Journal articles:

These are good sources, especially for up-to-date information.

Depending on the publication, these materials may be refereed materials.

Sources of literatureSources of literature

Books: remember that books tend to be less up-to-date, as it takes longer for a book to be published than for a journal article.

Conference proceedings:These can be useful in providing the latest research, or research that has not been published.

Government/corporate reports:

Many government departments and corporations commission carry out research.

Theses and dissertations: These can be useful sources of information.

However there are disadvantages: They can be difficult to obtain since they are not

published, but are generally only available from the library or interlibrary systems

Internet: the fastest-growing source of information is on the Internet.

• bear in mind that anyone can post information on the Internet so the quality may not be reliable

4. RESEARCH AND VALUE JUDGMENTS4. RESEARCH AND VALUE JUDGMENTS

The reporting of findingsResearchers may choose whether or not to report their findings to fellow professionals and to laymen.Concern for the application of findingsResearchers may or may not feel responsible for the ultimate application of their findings.

Thank YouThank You

bsahin@omu.edu.tr

PROF. BÜNYAMIN ŞAHIN ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY, TURKİYE...

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