Properties Properties of Matterof MatterWhat is MatterWhat is Matter

MatterMatter• Matter is what Matter is what

the world is the world is made of. made of.

• Matter has mass Matter has mass and volumeand volume

• All objects All objects consists of consists of Matter.Matter.

MassMass

A measure of the quantity of A measure of the quantity of matter in an objectmatter in an object

Measured by grams (g) and Measured by grams (g) and kilograms (kg)kilograms (kg)

Doesn’t change due to Doesn’t change due to locationlocation

WeightWeight

• Weight is the response of mass to Weight is the response of mass to the pull of gravity. Metric unit of the pull of gravity. Metric unit of weight is the Newton (N).weight is the Newton (N).

• Does change due to locationDoes change due to location

Mass vs. WeightMass vs. Weight

VolumeVolume

The amount of space an The amount of space an object takes up is called it’s object takes up is called it’s

volume.volume.

Volume is measured in liters Volume is measured in liters (L), milliliters (mL), and cubic (L), milliliters (mL), and cubic

centimeters (cmcentimeters (cm33))

MoleculeMolecule

• smallest particle of a compound that smallest particle of a compound that has all the properties of that has all the properties of that compound.compound.

Classifying MatterClassifying Matter

General Properties of MatterGeneral Properties of Matter

• mass, mass,

• WeightWeight

• VolumeVolume

• densitydensity

DensityDensity

Density is the Density is the mass per unit mass per unit

volumevolume

density = mass / density = mass / volumevolume

ProblemProblem

If 96.5 grams of If 96.5 grams of gold has a gold has a

volume of 5 cubic volume of 5 cubic centimeters, centimeters, what is its what is its density?density?

SolutionSolution•Step 1 Write the formula Step 1 Write the formula d=m/vd=m/v

•Step 2 Substitute given numbers Step 2 Substitute given numbers and units d=96.5 grams/ 5 cubic and units d=96.5 grams/ 5 cubic centimeterscentimeters

•Step 3 Solve for unknown variable Step 3 Solve for unknown variable d= 19.3 grams / cubic centimetersd= 19.3 grams / cubic centimeters

Practice ProblemsPractice Problems

•1. If 96.5 grams of aluminum 1. If 96.5 grams of aluminum has a volume of 35 cmhas a volume of 35 cm33, what , what is the density of aluminum?is the density of aluminum?

•2. If the density of a diamond 2. If the density of a diamond is 3.5 g / cmis 3.5 g / cm33, what would the , what would the mass be if the volume is 0.5 mass be if the volume is 0.5 cmcm33??

Density LabDensity Lab

Does it Does it Float?Float?

Does it Float?Does it Float?•The density of water is 1 The density of water is 1 gram per milliliter, 1g/mL.gram per milliliter, 1g/mL.

•If the object’s density is If the object’s density is greater than 1g/mL, then greater than 1g/mL, then the object will sink.the object will sink.

•If the object’s density is less If the object’s density is less than 1g/mL then it will float.than 1g/mL then it will float.

Does it Float?Does it Float?•In this activity you will measure the In this activity you will measure the mass and volume of several objects mass and volume of several objects to obtain the objects’ densities.to obtain the objects’ densities.

•Remember density = mass / Remember density = mass / volumevolume

•Volume of cube= length X width X Volume of cube= length X width X heightheight

•Volume of cylinder=pi r^2 hVolume of cylinder=pi r^2 h

•pi=3.14pi=3.14

RememberRemember

1 cubic 1 cubic centimeter = centimeter =

1 mL1 mL

Volume of Volume of CylinderCylinder

•VoluVolume = me = pi rpi r22 h h

Volume of a Volume of a Square or CubeSquare or Cube

•VolumVolume= L x e= L x W x HW x H

Lab Report FormatLab Report FormatDescriptioDescriptionn

Mass Mass (g)(g)

VolumVolume (mL)e (mL)

DensitDensity y (g/mL)(g/mL)

Does Does it it float?float?

Phases of Phases of MatterMatter

Matter can exist Matter can exist in 4 Phasesin 4 Phases

• SolidSolid

• LiquidLiquid

• GasGas

• PlasmaPlasma

SolidsSolids•Crystalline Solids-Crystalline Solids- particles particles are arranged in regular are arranged in regular repeating patterns called repeating patterns called crystals (i.e. salt, quartz)crystals (i.e. salt, quartz)

•Amorphous solids-Amorphous solids- solids that solids that lose their shape under certain lose their shape under certain conditions (i.e. tar, candle wax, conditions (i.e. tar, candle wax, glass)glass)

LiquidsLiquids•Particles in a liquid are close Particles in a liquid are close together but are free to move.together but are free to move.

•Have no definite shape but Have no definite shape but takes the shape of the takes the shape of the container.container.

•Have a definite volume.Have a definite volume.

•Resistance of a liquid to flow is Resistance of a liquid to flow is called called viscosity.viscosity.

GasesGases• Do notDo not have a definite shape or definite have a definite shape or definite

volume.volume.

• Boyle’s Law Boyle’s Law – if volume is reduced – if volume is reduced pressure will increase. pressure will increase. P1V1=P2V2 P1V1=P2V2 or or P1/P2=V1/V2P1/P2=V1/V2

• Charles’s LawCharles’s Law – if temperature of a gas – if temperature of a gas changes but pressure is the same, then changes but pressure is the same, then volume of the gas changes. volume of the gas changes. T1V2=T2V1 T1V2=T2V1 or or T1/T2=V1/V2T1/T2=V1/V2

PlasmaPlasma•Rare on earth.Rare on earth.

•The most common phase in the The most common phase in the universe.universe.

•Stars have matter in plasma Stars have matter in plasma phase (i.e. sun’s solar flare) phase (i.e. sun’s solar flare)

•Matter in plasma phase is high Matter in plasma phase is high in energy and dangerous to in energy and dangerous to living things.living things.

What Is MatterWhat Is Matter