Manuela Zapata Arismendy Molecular Biology

III Semester Medical Student UPB.

 

INTRODUCTION

The protein synthesis is of

great importance to science today, so that

these macromolecules are responsible

for majority cellular functions, essential for

stability of an living organism , and

even the participation of their

own production, as is the intervention of

chaperones in the maintenance of proteins.

A investigators group discovered by observing cancer cells, which were present many RNA molecules and genes that were particularly hyperactive, it wanted to investigate whether this was related to cancer cell growth or to answer these unknowns scientists extracted (silence) the gene of interest in cells of living organisms and then look for any changes in metabolism, physiology or cell behavior and body in general, so find out whether certain cellular functions are lost.

Dr. Sven Diederichs and his team at the Institute of Pathology in the University of Heidelberg, With his team have developed a new method to silence genes selectively encoding pro-teins and therefore determine their function and how to modify the RNA by altering tumor cells.

they have based their method on the use of zinc finger nucleases, protein molecules have been designed to cut DNA at precisely defined sites and there by facilitate the targeting and the cutting of the genes. This destroys the information of protein so that proteins can not be formed.

Molecular biologists comprise a signal sequence at the site where the gene was cut. This sequence causes the RNA transcript of the gene that breaks down at once so that is not available for all cellular functions.

It is very likely that these genes play an important role in cancer development, it is no coincidence that they are so active especially in tumor cells.

STUDENT OBSERVATION :

These studies are of great importance for understanding the origin of cancer and participation you have in this non-proteins coding genes, and the importance of knowing your role in the transcription of RNA, and the effect these latest provocations in of tumor cells by silencing these genes specifically.

The membrane protein chaperones not only prevent their aggregation, but also accompany you to your destination and assist in the insertion into the membrane.

The molecular mechanism of how a given family of membrane proteins is directed and inserted into membranes has been solved by an international research team involving the Goethe University in Frankfurt. These proteins are anchored in the membrane through a single propeller and so called "tail anchored" (TA) protein.

The key to correct classification of proteins is a sequence of signals that are decoded by the chaperones. As soon as they - along with its protein - reaches its destination, the interaction with a specific receptor on the target membrane to initiate the inclusion makes the membrane. The protein components responsible for the insertion of proteins have recently been identified. this classification was not known until now.

In this interdisciplinary study, were able to resolve the issue through various methods such as X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, and biochemical approaches and cell biology

Research studies showed that the protein called Get3 regulates the protein binding technical assistance in the cytosol and release into the membrane. The two receptor proteins and Get1 and Get2 aid in the insertion of the protein for technical assistance. Using overlay interfaces for interaction with the ATPase Get3.

Interaction with its membrane receptor dimer Get3 slowly opens to allow insertion of TA proteins controlled.

In current science is important to know the action of the chaperone as a protein processing and as well it becomes a guide of the protein to its destination, and anchor to the cell membrane through a specific mechanism , leaving the door open for future research that deal with health, and future therapies.

STUDENT OBSERVATION :

The certainty that the cancer originates, is an important way to provide prevention and treatment, and much more by making sure that eradicated the problem from its inception, it would be a contribution that would help the entire population.

Research on structural and

metabolic functions of the

proteins at the cellular

level has concepts and

hypotheses that may help

solve some mysteries

about disease and the

mechanisms of action of

treatments.

It is important today because the proteins are essential in the physiology of living organisms, and all cellular actions and any imbalance in these, cause disease. This is important for its regulation and biological protection provided by the chaperones.

BIBLIOGRAPHY  Martínez L , Biología Molecular. Sexta Edición. Medellín. Editorial

Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. 2011. pág.: 100—112.

ScienceDaily. A Chaperone System Guides Tail- Anchored Membrane

Proteins to Their Destined Membrane [revista de internet] Julio 5, 2011

[Fecha de publicación], 24 agosto,2011 [Fecha de acceso].Disponible en:

http://www.sciencedaily.com/

ScienceDaily. Gene Silencing: Researchers Have Paved the Way for Functional

Analysis of Non-Protein-Coding Genes.[revista de internet] Agosto 24,2011

[Fecha de publicación]. 24 de agosto 2011 [fecha de acceso].Disponible en:

http://www.sciencedaily.com/