Post on 13-May-2015
transcript
Mrs. Suhasini Oliveira
Clinical Psychologist
National Burns Centre
AiroliNational Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Sigmund Freud was a pioneer of psychology.
He is called as the Father of Psychoanalysis
The theories and work established psychoanalysis as a major school of thought in psychology
His work and writings contributed to our understanding of personality, clinical psychology, human development, and abnormal psychology
Freud’s work continues to influence psychology and many other disciplines to this day.
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
"One feels inclined to say that the intention that man should be 'happy' is not included in the plan of 'Creation.'"
-Sigmund Freud
From Civilization and Its Discontents, (1930)
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
INTRODUCTIONBurns cause extreme distress in patients
because of devastating physical and psychological consequences.
Most of the burn patients are in the states of anxiety, depression and in emotions of irritability and frustration.
As a result these patients need to be assessed for psychological problems.
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT?
A psychological assessment is the attempt of a skilled professional, usually a psychologist, to use the techniques and tools of psychology to learn either general or specific facts about the patient, to predict their behavior and functioning in the future.
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
PURPOSE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTProvide more objective to measure personal characteristics.
Provide central information
Measure a large number of personality, cognitive or neuropsychological problems
Highlight potential obstacles in treatment and suggest alternatives.
Clarify the goals and focus of treatment.
Increase the patient's sense of independence and satisfaction.National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
KEY INGREDIENTS
Successful assessment requires knowledge of:
Psychological testsPsychopathology InterviewingStatisticsHypothesis testing
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
“ The most important single ingredient in the formula of success is knowing how to get along with people”
- Theodore Roosevelt.
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
HOW DO YOU DO?
Establishing RapportInterviewingObservationAdministering TestsDiagnosisTreatment Plan
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
TESTSThe tests which can be administered on burns are:Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (Zung in 1965)Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (Zung in 1971)Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale ( Zigmond and
Snaith in1983)Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (Max Hamilton in
1959)Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (Max Hamilton
in 1959)National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Zung Self-Rating Anxiety ScaleInstruction
Patients will circle 1 of the 4 numbers in response to the questions. The healthcare provider, nurse, or medical staff assistant then scores the completed questionnaire and interprets the score using the information found in the box at right.
How to ScoreCheck that all statements have been answered. Add up the values for each response to get the score total.
Interpreting the ScoreA score total of 36 and over suggests the need for further medical assessment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Contd…
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Zung Self-Rating Depression ScaleInstruction
The patient reads each statement and selects a response which indicates how much the statement applied to him/her over the past week. There are no right or wrong answers.
How to score
Check that all statements have been answered. Add up the values for each response to get the score total.
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Contd…
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Normal Minimal to Mild
Moderate to Severe
Severe
Depression Less than 50
50-59 60-69 70 or More
Contd…
Interpreting the Score
•The maximum score of the Zung SDS is 80. •If the scores are over than 50 then the patient is suggested for further medication.
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
TREATMENT PLANCounselingBreathing ExercisesDistraction strategiesRelaxation Techniques• Meditate• Picture Yourself Relaxed• Breathe Deeply• Look Around You• Show Some Love• Try Self-Massage• Take a Time-Out• Try a Musical Detour
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Contd…Positive attitudeImageryAcceptance of/resignation to the
situationVerbal psychotherapy: current
problems are discussed in light of past difficulties and options for coping with feelings and behavior
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: focuses on symptoms and current goals. Helps the child identify faulty beliefs and learn new ways of thinking and behaving.
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
Contd…• Group therapy: issues are explored
within a group setting with individuals who share similar problems.
Family therapy: members of the family are helped to understand how their behaviors affect one another and instructions and strategies for making changes are provided.
Interpersonal psychotherapy: feelings and responses are explored within the context of different interpersonal or social relationships and situations.
Behavior ModificationNational Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
CONCLUSIONincludes broad screening of the patient
allows the evaluator to compare the behaviour of the individual being tested to the responses of a norm group.
helps in diagnosis of differential and co-morbid conditions
to assess a particular area of functioning or disability
to help select type of treatment
to assess the outcome of the treatment
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
“If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his
head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.”
- Nelson Mandela
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com
National Burns Centre, www.burns-india.com, nbcairoli@gmail.com