Quantitative Analyses of Human Pubic Symphyseal Morphology Using Three

Dimensional Data: The Potential Utility for Aging Adult Human Skeletons

Matthew W. Tocheri, Anshuman Razdan,

Tosha L. Dupras, Myungsoo Bae, and Dezhi Liu

      

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Partnership for Research In Stereo Modeling

3D Knowledge and Distributed

Intelligence Project (3DK)

NSF Grant Award

# IIS-998016

http://3dk.asu.edu & http://prism.asu.edu

PRISM

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1. 3D Data Acquisition

2. Geometric Modeling

3. Feature Extraction

4. 3D Data Analysis

5. Visual Query Interface

PRISM Research Plan

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PRISM Skeletal Aging Research Overview

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Cyberware M15 Laser Digitizer

X

Y

Z

30 samples per second; typically 300µm - 1.0mm

(0.012" - 0.040")

300µm (0.012")

50-200µm (0.002-0.008")

Our scanning of pubic symphyses cast resulted in approximately 1100 vertices per cm2

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The process of transforming a point cloud into a workable 3D model

1) The 3D Point Cloud (i.e., a series of x, y, and z coordinate values)

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The process of transforming a point cloud into a workable 3D model

2) The Triangulated 3D Point Cloud

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The process of transforming a point cloud into a workable 3D model

3) The Triangulated 3D Point Cloud with Flat Surface Mesh

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The process of transforming a point cloud into a workable 3D model

4) The Final Geometrically Modeled 3D Pubic Symphysis

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3D Modeling Summary

1.

4.3.

2.

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3D Scanned Images of the Suchey-Brooks Female Pubic

Symphysis CastsPhase

A

B

52 431 6

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Phase

A

B

52 431 6

3D Scanned Images of the Suchey-Brooks Male Pubic

Symphysis Casts

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Methodology

What quantity can we use to describe shape mathematically?

CURVATURE

which measures how “curved” a surface is at any given point.

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Curvature Calculation

2

22

21

rms

21 abs

The Principle Curvatures (k1 and k2) at a given point represent the

maximum and minimum values of the normal curvature.

Note that the principle directions are always orthogonal to one

another.

21 gaus

2

)( 21 mean

1.

4.

3.

2.

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Surface Curvature Comparison of Male Phases 1A & 6A

Red High

Green Medium

Blue Low

Computing Surface

Curvature

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Surface Curvature Comparison of Female Phases

Phase

A

B

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Surface Curvature Comparison of Male Phases

Phase

A

B

52 431 6

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Before and after merging similar regions on a bone by increasing the “water”

depth using the watershed algorithm.

Before

After

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Before and after merging similar regions on a bone by increasing the “water”

depth using the watershed algorithm.

Before

After

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Watershed Depth Threshold

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Feature Segmentation & Data Extraction

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Feature Segmentation & Data Extraction

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Observed changes in mean absolute curvature values for Females

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Female Phase 6B6A5B

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Observed changes in mean absolute curvature values for Females

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Observed changes in mean absolute curvature values for Males

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Observed changes in mean absolute curvature values for Males

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databaseGenerate XML file according to XML schema and load into database

Computer interface allows researcher to analyze the scanned raw data

Visual query interface enables search results to be exported

as XML file

XSL/HTML display

Visual query search results Interface allows researcher to analyze the associated data

Prototype Development of Visual Query Interface

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Future Research Goals

1. Increase the sample size of 3D modeled pubic symphyses especially those with known vital statistics to facilitate further aging research

2. Continue examining the ability to segment and extract data from specific surface features on the pubic symphysis using curvature

3. Development of a Visual Query Interface to allow students and researchers to interact with 3D modeled data sets

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Acknowledgements

http://3dk.asu.edu & http://prism.asu.edu

PRISM

1. NSF Grant Award # IIS-998016 2. Diane Hawkey, Dept. of Anthropology, ASU3. The PRISM team: M. Zhu, T. Esquerra, G. Farin, G.

Nielson, D. Collins, M. Marzke, A. Simon, J. Rowe, S. Pulla, C. Bezwada, P. Agarwal, U. Schurmanns, G. Jones, P. Mongkolman, P. McCartney, K. Johns, P. Baluch, D. Van Alfen, J. Riel-Salvatore, S. Van Note and many others.

4. The staff of 3dcompress.com