Post on 03-Jan-2016
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Rabi Shah, Division Chief,
Department of Urban Development and Building Construction,
Division Office, Kavre, Nepal.
Urban and Regional Development and Management Status in Nepal
(an Country Report)
General Description of Nepal
Physical Administrative Political Economic Language and religion
General Description of Nepal
Landlocked Himalayan country, situated between the People’s Republic of China to the north and India to the east, west and south.
The total area of Nepal is 147,181 sq. km with the altitudes ranging from than 61 meters in the south to 8848 meters high in the north.
Total population of the country is 24.2 million (urban 15%), average density 157 person/sq.km.
Population growth rate 2.25% annually. Estimated GDP per capita for the year 2004/2005 is
about US $ 300.
Location
General Description of Nepal
Mountain region: Ranging from 3000m and above, this region covers 35% of the total area of the country and 7.5% of the population live in this region.
Hill Region: Hill region covers 42.0% of the area and 44.5% of the people are living there in.
Terai Region: It is the plain area situated in the southern part of the country which covers 23% of the total area and 48% of the population lives in this region.
General Description of Nepal
Administratively, Nepal is divided into 5 Development Regions :14 zones, 75 districts, 58 municipalities & 3195 villages
General Description of Nepal
General Description of Nepal
predominantly an agricultural country (40% income & employment generation)
30.85% of the population living below the poverty line (Second Living Standards Survey 2003-04).
Per capita income is 322 US $. Average life expectancy is 63years. Literacy rate is 54.1 percent Annual population growth is 2.25% (Population
census, 2001)
Planning history
The concept of regional development was introduced in 3rd V year plan (1965-1970) and was recognized by 4th V year plan (1970-1975)
9th & 10th V year plan (1997-2003, 2003-2008)) recognizes different sectoral polices on urban development.
Planning History
Formation of National Level Planning Commission (NPC): responsible for National level plans and programs.
Formation of regional level Planning Section for regional level plans & programs.
District Administrative plan 1975 Establishment of Town Planning office, 1962: (prepared
Kathmandu Valley Physical Development Plan 1969) Promulgation of Land Acquisition Act 1962 Promulgation of town planning Implementation Act
1975
Organizational Setup
Ministry of Physical Planning & Works(MHPP)
DoR Dept. of Urban Development & Building Construction
(DUDBC)
DoWSS
Research & Training
25 division offices
Special Division
Town Development Committee (TDC)
Role of DUDBC
Construction & Maintenance of Govt. Buildings Plan & Implement Urban development works:
New Town Planning, Urban infrastructure etc R&D in building materials/technology & urban
development Technical support to municipalities in urban
field Formulate plan & programs for TDCs &
implement Implement NBC and Apartment Act
Role of TDCs
Provide planning permit Implement bye laws and land use plan Develop urban development works on TDCs
area
Development Trend & Issues
Uneven population distribution Uneven resource distribution: geographical
diversities, politics, connectivity and regional disparities
Increase gap between urban & poor Low urbanization & agrarian economy Social acceptances Long processes
Planning Process
In the past TOP-DOWN approach Now on request of local bodies on
participatory approach DUDBC prepares:
Land use Plan, Zoning plan-approval from central Government
Bye laws – Local Government
Available Acts, Rules and Regulation
Town Development Act 1988 Municipal Act 1992 Environment Protection Act 1996 Local Self Governance Act 1999 Apartment Act 2056 (2000) Ancient Monument Act 2056 (2000) Decentralization Act 1982 National Building Code 2055 (1999) Shelter Policy 1996
Sectoral Polices (9th V year Plan)
Urban Development & Land Use Environment Improvement Decentralization and Strengthening local
governance Local Development NGOs involvement Poverty alleviation
Urban Sector Institutions
Central level: MLD, MPPW/DUDBC MPPW- works at local level for urban development
and management Participatory approach and collaboration with
municipalities MLD- line ministry MPPW/DUDBC (lot of technical expertise) has
functionally linked (LSGA) with MLD through municipalities
Recommendations
Capacity Building at local level Research & Development in Urban
Development field Political Commitment Regular monitoring and evaluation