Recovery, Reconstruction and Resilience: the Queensland experience

Frankie Carroll, CEO © Queensland Reconstruction Authority

This presentation has been prepared for the Actuaries Institute 2014 General Insurance Seminar. The Institute Council wishes it to be understood that opinions put forward herein are not necessarily those of the Institute and the Council is not

responsible for those opinions.

Overview

• Queensland events 2010-2014 • Infrastructure & human impact • Role of the Queensland

Reconstruction Authority • Learnings and new

approaches – recovery, reconstruction and resilience

Commercial in confidence

Commercial in confidence

Source: The Year that Shook the Rich: A review of natural disaster in 2011. The Brookings Institution – London School of Economics Project on Internal Displacement.

Disaster events 1. Dec 10 Rainfall & SE/W flooding 2. Dec 10 Tropical Cyclone Tasha 3. Jan 11 Flash flooding Toowoomba & Lockyer Valley 4. Jan 11 Brisbane/Ipswich flooding 5. Jan/Feb 11 TCs Anthony & Yasi 6. Feb 11 Monsoonal flooding 7. Apr 11 Maranoa flooding 8. Feb 12 South West flooding 9. Mar 12 Townsville storm 10. Jan 2013 TC Oswald & flooding 11. Feb/Mar 13 Central & Southern QLD Low 12. Jan 14 Tropical Cyclone Dylan 13. Feb 14 Tropical Cyclone Fletcher 14. Feb 14 Monsoonal flooding 15. Feb 14 Rainfall & flooding 16. Mar 14 Central & Southern QLD trough 17. Apr 14 Tropical Cyclone Ita

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3 7

1

5

4

6

9

8 16 11

10

12 13

14

15

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Victoria Tasmania

Statistics Queensland population – 4.6 million Queensland area – 1.73 million km2

December 2010- February 2011 “The Summer of Disasters” - Toowoomba

January 2011 - Grantham

February 2011 - Tropical Cyclone Yasi

February 2011 - Cardwell

Mud Army Brisbane - 2011

March 2012 - Mitchell – Roma – St George floods

January 2013 - Bundaberg

January 2013 - Laidley

January 2013 – Baffle Creek, Gladstone

2014 - Hinchinbrook – Cyclone Ita

Scale of Impact

2010/11 events 2011/12 events 2012/13 events 2014* events

LGAs disaster activated 73 65 58 47

Residential properties affected 136,000 1,400 4,300+ 258

State road network affected (km) 20,610 10,890 7,655 6,148^

State rail network affected (km) 4,748 4,180 3,100 1,000+

Schools affected 411 7 339 2 Other government buildings affected 4,381 135 99

Homes & businesses without power 480,000 9,000 390,000 46,000+

National parks affected 162 22 267

(Includes other protected areas managed by DNPSR)

223 (Includes other protected

areas managed by DNPSR)

^This includes roads that may have been affected by more than one event. Commercial in confidence

Economic Impacts on Industry Queensland accounts for: • nearly half of Australia’s cotton production • 28 per cent of Australia’s fruit and vegetables (including

almost all of the country’s bananas) • 95 per cent of Australia’s annual sugar cane crop. Natural disaster damage has a significant impact on Australia as a whole. The effect of 2010-11 floods and cyclones: • Lost approx $6 billion (or 2.25%) of GDP • Loss of approx 27 million tonnes of coal (about $400m in royalties) • Loss of agriculture production – approximately $1.4 billion

• 75% of State’s banana crop damaged • 20% reduction in raw sugar • 370,000 bales of cotton values at $175 million lost

• Loss of approximately $400 million in tourism • Damage, disruption and closure of vital ports across the State.

Human Impact: 2010-11

131,935 insurance claims resulted from the Queensland floods in 2010/11, with a total reserved value of claims of all classes of $3.78 Billion.

Ten community recovery centres established to provide local assistance and support. Mobile health service provided health advice and more than 5000 tetanus immunisations.

$39 million Community Recovery and Wellbeing Package – mental health support services, financial counselling, community recovery, bereavement support.

Human Impact: 2010-11

67,600 Personal Hardship Assistance payments made totalling $43.77 million.

1563 payments totalling $2.789 million made to help people reconnect their essential services.

Managed and dispersed more than $47 million in donations, goods and services from the corporate sector, international and local community.

Join Forces Program – matched flood and cyclone-affected sporting clubs and not-for-profits with private and philanthropic donations and in-kind services and support. 586 corporate donations provided more than $11 million to 166 community organisations.

Ensure Queensland effectively and efficiently recovers from the impact of disaster events

• Established in 2011under its own Act of Parliament

• Reports to Board and Minister for Local Government, Community Recovery and Resilience

• Coordinate reconstruction

• Prioritise infrastructure and services

• Administer NDRRA and ensure value-for-money outcomes

• Build disaster resilience

• Implement Queensland Flood Commission of Inquiry findings as needed.

Queensland Reconstruction Authority

Governance Model

Combined Program Progress

Commercial in Confidence – Source: DTMR at 31 August; & Authority at 1 October 2014

Combined Program of Works

Commercial in Confidence – Source: The Authority – June 2014 NDRRA Estimates Review and 1 October 2014

• Development of DARMsys™ • iDARM - Infrastructure damage assessment and reconstruction monitoring • Build Back Blitz • Floodplain Mapping • Mitigation • Betterment • Resilience projects

Improving practices

• State-of-the-art, Damage Assessment and Reconstruction Monitoring (DARM) system developed in 2011 to assess & audit reconstruction.

• Real time data available to Disaster Management Centre & Recovery Agencies.

• Enables street-by-street, house-by-house assessment through affected communities

• An “audit of reconstruction progress” & helps provide targeted assistance to most vulnerable.

Damage Assessment & Reconstruction Monitoring DARMsys ™

DARMsys In Action

Refer Appendix

Goodna Map Area

Goodna – Flood Extent

Goodna – July Damage Assessments DARM July 2011

Goodna – October Assessments DARM October 2011

Goodna – Owner Occupied Properties DARM October 2011

Received PDRA (21) No PDRA (12)

BBB/524 BBB/114

BBB/287

BBB/266 BBB/277 BBB/46

BBB Client and Reconstruction Underway (8)

BBB/83

BBB/268

Goodna – still with Rubbish in Property DARM October 2011

iDARM - Infrastructure Damage Assessment & Reconstruction Monitoring

Simplifying the Process: Examples of Assets Damaged

Council Portal to Review, Package & Submit:

Direct upload from field to portal

2014 Infrastructure Damage assessments (iDARM)

Tropical Cyclone Ita, Tropical Cyclone Dylan and North-East Monsoon Flooding

NDRRA Mapping Output (2014) Pormpuraaw, Roadway

NDRRA mapping output (2014) Kowanyama , Floodway

• Partnership between the Queensland Reconstruction Authority, Department of Communities, non-government organisations, and donors

• 332 households across Queensland benefited

• More than $3 million in funding donated

• Linked individuals directly to organisations that were able to help them return their homes to a habitable standard.

Build Back Blitz

WHO Owner occupier homeowners throughout Qld whose houses were severely damaged following floods and cyclone

WHY Some homeowners have experienced difficulty progressing

with their repair/rebuild and have been living in compromised conditions

WHAT Repair and rebuild their homes to habitable standard of living

HOW Identify priority clients and provide targeted rebuilding advice and connect to building contractors for support

OUTCOME Homeowner’s property is repaired or rebuilt to appropriate standard

Build Back Blitz DARMsys™ was used to help identify potential Build Back Blitz clients

• More than 330 homeowners benefited from the program. • Following the success of Build Back Blitz, a similar

program – the Community Rebuild Group – was formed at a local level to help residents of Bundaberg following Tropical Cyclone Oswald in 2013.

• Terrence Laverack’s home was inundated by floodwater • The Build Back Blitz program helped Terry get his house back

to habitable condition

Queensland Flood Mapping Project

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

State-wide catchment based

maps of Queensland

Floodplains to help understand

potential flood hazard and areas

for further investigation

• Level 1 floodplain mapping • Good initial identification of hazard • Uses a broad range of datasets to show

potential hazard • Preliminary product that can be easily

adopted

Working with DERM, the QRA has over a matter of months, created maps covering most of Queensland. CoI Final Report, March 2012, pg 67

State-wide Level 1 mapping

• Interim Floodplain Assessment Overlay (IFAO) – not actual flood levels

• 129 sub-basins across Queensland • 119 sub-basins have been mapped to

date (within 8 months) • In total 99.3% of the State has been

assessed for floodplains • 8,875 map pages produced (A3 @1:50,000

scale) • Using more than 35 cartographers.

Free public access in GIS format is is available at the Queensland Spatial

Catalogue and is provided to the Insurance Council of Australia.

http://qldspatial.information.qld.gov.au

Comparison of IFAO to 2012 Floodline – Roma

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

Level 2 – Flood investigations for key towns

Flood investigations being delivered for BoM-identified at risk towns across Qld through the Queensland Flood Mapping Program (QFMP).

Results in hazard maps and flood animations that can be used for land use planning and

emergency management purposes

• Flood studies completed in 104 towns across 40 local governments.

• 2014-15 – 100 more studies to be delivered, 75 complete already.

• Worked closely with Councils and disaster management groups on implementation.

• Focus on high risk flood towns with no existing flood studies and where they may never have been able to fund it themselves.

• Publicly available online. • All Queenslanders will have access to

up-to-date flood risk information for their town that will lead to greater community and economic resilience.

About the QFMP

Qld Flood Portal - FloodCheck

• Qld Floods Commission of Inquiry noted the need for:

– a repository of flood data – the publication of flood information – flood information report per property

in Queensland. • FloodCheck draws information from the

database + other relevant spatial information and displays in a GIS web-based application

• Launched in September 2012, and is being updated continually

• FloodCheck displays the following: • Imagery and floodline of historic events (e.g.

1893, 1974, 2010/2011 and 2012 for western Qld) • Flood study locations and information drawn

from database • State-wide floodplain mapping • Location of river gauges • Downloadable flood information reports per

property or area of interest • FloodCheck experienced over 17,600 users during

the January 2013 flood event – strong community awareness tool during the event

FloodCheck

FloodCheck – Queensland’s interactive flood map http://www.dnrm.qld.gov.au/mapping-data/maps/floodcheck-map

• Under the Queensland

Government ‘Open Data Policy’, all data for studies completed under the QFMP are given to Local Councils and are provided to the Insurance Council of Australia.

Dirranbandi | 2012

QFMP Mapping: February 2012

Flood mitigation

• Recognition that investment in mitigation can reduce recovery costs • Queensland Government investment – more than $500 million over

the past four years on mitigation and resilience • more resilient road network • betterment – rebuilding with resilience • levees, flood studies, drainage improvements • cyclone and flood warning subsidies • soft mitigation – community resilience.

• Can never completely mitigate against all impacts from natural disasters on infrastructure and communities

7 May 2012: Suncorp will not offer new polices to Queensland towns Emerald and Roma as fallout from 2011 floods continues. Suncorp chief executive Mark Milliner said he now felt the insurer had little choice but to exclude Roma and Emerald “unless clear decisions are made to build or implement improved mitigation to protect the residents of these towns” – The Courier-Mail

Roma, 2011

24 September 2013: Suncorp starts writing new business as Roma levee kicks off. Estimated premium reductions of up to 80% upon completion.

The Queensland Government has made major commitments towards mitigation including flood mitigation projects in Toowoomba, Charleville, Roma, St George, Bundaberg.

Partnerships With Industry

• Memorandum of Understanding – Queensland Government and Insurance Council of Australia to share information about flooding risk to help reduce uncertainty in assessing risk and calculating premiums.

• A number of communities across Queensland seeing

significant decreases in insurance premiums as a direct result of completed mitigation infrastructure.

• Queensland Government working with the Commonwealth on

proposals and options to address the issue of insurance affordability.

Resilience “...the capacity to prevent, mitigate, prepare

for, respond to, and recover from the impacts of disasters.”

“...a resilience based approach to disaster management recognises that a co-ordinated

and collaborative effort is needed to increase our capacity to recover from

disasters.”

- National Strategy for Disaster Resilience

“We know these disasters will happen again and again in Queensland and we have to increase the resilience of our communities. The $40 million in this Budget going towards betterment will be matched by the Commonwealth so we can make a start on the many projects local councils want to undertake to improve resilience.” Premier Campbell Newman, June 2013

Resilience projects: Queensland Betterment Framework

Building it back better and increasing resilience Local Government Essential Public Assets: • improve safety • improve access & utility • reduce the costs of future disaster events • provide demonstrated benefits for the

community.

Queensland Betterment Fund

• $80 million joint Federal/State Betterment Fund • 48 councils applied for 1,434 betterment

projects • Estimated total value of projects $1.19 billion

• Projects include:

– stronger roads – drainage – water and sewage treatment plants – bridges and culverts – $400 million additional requests to fund

upgrades to State Government assets

• 32 Councils approved for 220 projects

“This is smart use of your money. We don’t need to reinvent the wheel with these projects, but we do need to find ways to make what we’ve got stronger and less susceptible to flooding.” Minister for Community Recovery and Resilience David Crisafulli, August 2013

Gayndah Water Supply Intake • Situated on the Burnett River • Provides the town’s only water supply • Supports a population of approximately 2000 & local

primary industries. • Severely damaged in 2011 and rebuilt for

approximately $1.22M • New jetty, raw water intakes, pumps and water

discharge main destroyed again in 2013

Betterment project • Build a new submersible style pumping station and

intake at a new location upstream at Claude Wharton Weir

• Build a new raw water rising main to the Water Treatment Plant.

Estimated REPA component $2,634,118 Council contribution: $ 50,000 Betterment Fund : $1,195,782 Total cost for the project: $3,879,900

Betterment – North Burnett Regional Council

One Mile Bridge • Crosses Bremer River providing critical access for Ipswich City

residents. • Traffic volumes in excess of 20,000 vehicles per day and

secondary access to the RAAF base at Amberley. • One Mile Bridge was damaged in 2009, 2011 and again in 2013,

with the total cost of repairs estimated at $1.9 million.

Betterment project • Construction of new cross drainage culverts • Replace the existing bitumen with a concrete pavement • Embankment protection • Extension of rock pitching for the bridge’s southern abutment • Concrete protection for verges. Estimated REPA component: $1,525,262 Council contribution: $ 499,723 Betterment Fund : $1,919,196 Total cost for the project: $3,944,182

Betterment - Ipswich City Council

Gertiz Road • Major local connector providing access to Kingaroy

Airport and the South Queensland Institute of TAFE Kingaroy

• Carries a large percentage of commercial traffic • Freight route transporting livestock and produce to

markets as well as a local bus route

Betterment project • Increasing protection for the culvert, pavements and

approach road batters.

Estimated cost for REPA $523,207 Council contribution $ 10,925 Betterment Fund $ 98,320 Total cost $632,452

Betterment - South Burnett Regional Council

• Designated Reconstruction Area under legislative powers

• Fast tracked processes

• Authority and Council

developed Master Plan & Development Scheme

• Construction begun on first stage June 2011

• People were in new homes by Christmas 2011.

Resilience projects: Strengthening Grantham

Damage at Grantham, January 2011

Strengthening Grantham

• Rebuilding Grantham together • Floodplain management • Rebuilding in storm tide prone

areas • Wind resistant housing • Planning for stronger, more

resilient electrical infrastructure

• Resources for reconstruction

Resilience projects

• Phase I is the emergency relief effort. • Phase II is the transition from an emergency to a

full-scale reconstruction program. This phase is identified as the critical phase for the success of the whole reconstruction program.

• Phase III represents the full reconstruction and rebuilding program.

Building resilience

Queensland’s reconstruction capability and activity 2011-2014

“The challenge of recovery is to institutionalise urgency, i.e. to embed the drive for extraordinary results into government practices.” Asian Development Bank & The World Bank. 2011.

Queensland Reconstruction Authority