(re)Designing for Learning in a Digital World

transcript

Steve Wheeler@timbuckteeth

Plymouth University, UK

Declarative vs Procedural

http://slated.org

Knowing that

Knowing how Stev

“For the first time we are preparing

students for a future we cannot clearly describe.”

- David Warlick St

"In the times of rapid change, learners inherit the Earth, while the learned find themselves beautifully equipped to deal with a world that no longer exists."

- Eric Hofferwashingtonrebel.typepad.com St

We need to think critically about teaching

http://mosangels.ning.com

“Reflection in professional practice, gives back not what it is, but what might be, an improvement on the original.”

- Biggs (1999)

“...a set of abilities and skills, to indicate the taking of a critical stance, an orientation to problem solving...”

– Moon (1999)

http://leocasey.blogspot.com

ReflexivityEscher, Drawing Hands 1948

http://w

.nonformality.org/2006/04/excuse-m

isuse-or-abuse/

http://www.ldu.leeds.ac.uk/ldu/

“This field suffers from serious conceptual confusion and a lack of accumulated theoretical knowledge.” – Frank Coffield

Digital Natives?

The Net

Generation?

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/56155476@N08/5667863948/

Zappiens?

There is no empirical evidence for any of these theories and yet they persist. Why is this? Because they are convenient untruths.

http://www.maslowshierarchyofneeds.net

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Another theory that requires a challenge. Maslow’s theory is flawed because he largely used white, male, privileged, Western examples in his studies.

the VAK model…

Visual Seeing and reading

Auditory Hearing and speaking

Kinaesthetic Touching and doing Stev

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…multi-modal learning...?

Auditory

Visual

Kinaesthetic

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...or Confucius repurposed?

Auditory

Visual

Kinaesthetic

I see, I remember

I hear, I know

I do, I understand

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situated learning

Auditory

Visual

Kinaesthetic

I see, I remember

I hear, I know

I do, I understand

Cognition

Memory Meta Cognition

Deeper Learning

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Learning best occurs when multi-modal contexts are enabled. We cannot justify pigeon holing students into single mode learning.

learning styles?

“There are as many learning styles as there are people.”

– Wheeler (2009)http://fluorescentflicker.files.wordpress.com

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Fair measures?

Assessment of, or for, learning?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/darrenhester/3901158717/

We need to think critically

about assessment

Source: http://www.masalatime.com

Source: http://www.goiit.com/posts/show/944766.htm

Source: http://www.masalatime.com

http://4closurefraud.org

Assessment fails because the pedagogy fails...

Join all nine dotsUsing four straight Lines. Do not takeYour pen from the Paper and do not Go back over any Lines.

Thinking ‘outside the box’ means we go beyond the fixity of our natural

perception

Ipsative assessment...

...where a student’s learning is measured against previous attainment. This is observed in games where players are constantly trying to better their own previous top scores.

Personalisation of learning means ensuring that individual differences are

acknowledged

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Triadic assessmentPeer Assessment

Self Asse

ssment

Triadic Assessment (Gale et al, 2002)

Does education need transformation?

Source: Chambers English Dictionary

"In large states public education will always be mediocre, for the same reason that in large kitchens the cooking is usually bad."

Nietzschehttp://thescholasticdiary.wordpress.com

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Positive Deviance“Somewhere in your organization, groups of people are already doing things differently and better. To create lasting change, find areas of positive deviance and fan their flames.”

- Pascale & Sternin (Harvard Business Review)

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InnovationPrevention

Department

Pay attention at the front!

http://flickr.com/photos/shu1/6065783/

about how we engage students

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/shardsofblue/5949563868/

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Orienting reflex

Response to changes in the environment

http://www.flickr.com/photos/nerdcoregirl/4444937490/

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Uneven ground?

“If your prediction is in error (PE) this is the signal to turn on attention and learning.” - Cathy Davidson

220My prediction

216Reality

It’s OK to be wrong

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http://www.gamefront.com

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Permission to fail

Unpredictability

“Learning proceeds when outcomes occur that are not fully predicted, then slows down as outcomes become increasingly predicted and ends when outcomes are fully predicted.”

- Wolfram Schultz

http://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/elearning/projects/voting/

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In just 60 seconds....

• 1500 new blog posts• 100,000 new tweets (Twitter)• 20,000 new posts (Tumblr)• 600 new videos (YouTube)• 12,000 new adverts (Craigslist)• 3000 new image uploads (Flickr)• .... Myspace, Wiktionary, Vimeo, Picasa,

Facebook, Wikipedia, Scoopit, Delicious, Diigo, Wallwisher, Etherpad, Storify....

Source: http://gizmodo.com

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/luc/

Paragogy

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The kinds of learner support

Social support

Academicsupport

Technicalsupport

Reference: (Carnwell, 2000)

Traditionally the domain of the teacher/tutor

These are often provided by peers

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“Education must begin with the solution of the teacher-student contradiction, by reconciling the poles of the contradiction so that both are simultaneously teachers and students.”

- Paulo Frierehttp://arts.anu.edu.au

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Heutagogy

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Flâneur

Self-determined learning

Hase & Kenyon

Modes of learningInformalFormal

Collaborative

Reflective

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Modes of learningInformalFormal

Collaborative

ReflectiveE-portfolios

Essay writing

Group workPeer learning Social networking

BloggingMicroblogging

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Space integration

Community spacePersonal space

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Wiki blog integration

Reflective spaceCollaborative space

Blog Wiki

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Reflective spaceCollaborative space

Blog Wiki

Negotiation of meaningCo-construction of knowledge

Proximal Development Professional ID

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Who I am What I know

Blog Wiki

ReflectionSelf expression

(Brescia & Miller, 2006)

Creative writingCritical thinking

Meta cognitive processesSocio cognitive processes

(Gleaves et al, 2007)

Sharing/exchangingEditing/modifying

(Tu et al, 2008)

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“All too often today we are giving young people cut flowers when we should be teaching them to grow their own plants.”

- John W Gardner

http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/image/s_flowers-lost-gardens-of-heligan.jpg

http://www.newcastle.edu.au

The future?

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Learners need critical thinking skills

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“60% of all Internet pages contain

misleading information.”

- Thomas Edison

Learners need digital wisdom

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language

personal data

language

Managing identity

nameimages

netiquette

reputation

avatar interaction

privacy

identity

legacy reputation

privacy

images

interaction

http://i.dailymail.co.uk

LOLZ lets post dis up on 2 Facebook

Responsibility and safety online

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Content isn’t King. It’s a Tyrant...

• How do I find stuff?• How do I know it’s accurate?• How do I share content?• How do I filter content?• How do I keep up with all the news?• How do I file content?• How do I categorise content?

scavenging.files.wordpress.com

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Learning to learn

Critical thinking

Collaboration

Creativity

Reflection

Evaluation

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http://learningputty.com

Social media are now an important part of the culture of many young people.

Lecturers need to exploit the power and potential of these new tools to engage learners and enhance learning.

about our future roles

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Content curation

Collaboration

Facilitation

Inspiration!

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/worldbank/2760560588/

Co-learning

Learning support

Digital Content Curation

www.scoop.it/t/future-school

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“Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire”.

W. B. Yeatswww.preservefortlouis.org

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jupiterimages.com

Thank you

W: http://steve-wheeler.netE: swheeler@plymouth.ac.ukB: http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com

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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 UK:

International Licence.

Steve Wheeler swheeler@plymouth.ac.uk University of Plymouth, United Kingdom

http://steve-wheeler.net