Reinventing Internet Infrastructure with OpenFlow and Software Defined Networking

transcript

Reinventing Internet Infrastructure with OpenFlow and Software

Defined Networking

Stanford Clean Slate Programhttp://cleanslate.stanford.edu

Funded by Cisco, Deutsche Telekom, DoCoMo, Ericsson, Google, LightSpeed, MDV, NEC, NSF, Xilinx

Guru Parulkarparulkar@stanford.edu

OpenFlow Team at Stanford

With Martin Casado and Scott ShenkerAnd contributions from many others

OpenFlow: Three Stories• A platform for innovations within

– Enterprise, backbone, & data center networks

• An architecture direction for Future Internet

– Unifying packet and circuit networks

• An architecture providers like for their own reasons

– Enabling an ecosystem

Internet has many problems

Plenty of evidence and documentation

Internet’s “root cause problem”

It is Closed for Innovations

Million of linesof source code

500M gates10Gbytes RAM

5400 RFCs

Bloated Power Hungry

Many complex functions baked into the infrastructureOSPF, BGP, multicast, differentiated services,Traffic Engineering, NAT, firewalls, MPLS, redundant layers, …

An industry with a “mainframe-mentality”

We have lost our way

Specialized Packet Forwarding Hardware

OperatingSystem

App App App

Routing, management, mobility management, access control, VPNs, …

Controller

OpenFlow Switch

FlowTableFlowTable

SecureChannelSecure

Channel

OpenFlow

Protocol

OpenFlow: Enable Innovations “within” the Infrastructure

• Add/delete flow entries• Encapsulated packets• Controller discovery

Net Services

OpenFlow Enabled Switches/Routers/APs

Cisco Catalyst 6k

NEC IP8800

HP Procurve 5400

Juniper MX-series WiMax (NEC) WiFi

Quanta LB4G More to follow...

Cisco Catalyst 3750 (Fall 2009)

Arista 7100 series (Fall 2009) 7

Ciena CoreDirector

OpenFlow Protocol

FLOWVISOR

OpenFlow Protocol

Research Team A Controller

Research Team B Controller

Production Net Controller

IsolatedNetwork

Slices

Physical Infrastructure

Packet & Circuit

Switches: wired, wireless, optical media

Sliced and Virtualized OpenFlow Infrastructure

Control Plane API

Example Network Services• Static “VLANs”• New routing protocol: unicast, multicast,

multipath, load-balancing• Network access control• Mobile VM management • Mobility and handoff management • Energy management • Packet processor (in controller)• IPvX• Network measurement and visualization• …

OpenFlow Deployments

• Stanford Deployments– Wired: CS Gates building, EE CIS building, EE Packard

building (soon)– WiFi: 100 OpenFlow APs across SoE– WiMAX: OpenFlow service in SoE

• Other deployments– Internet2– JGN2plus, Japan– 10-15 research groups have switches

Research and Production Deployments on commercial hardware

OpenFlow as GENI Networking Substrate

Eight universities and two national research backbones

OpenFlow Deployment in JapanNEC and JGN2Plus (NICT)

• Network virtualization and slicing• HD video distribution in different slices

– Baseball game– Snow festival

European Deployment

L2 Packet Wireless Routing

Pan-European experimental facility

L2 Packet Optics Content delivery

L2 Packet Shadow networks

L2 L3Packet Optics Content delivery

L2 Packet Emulation Wireless Content

delivery

OpenFlow Deployments Outside US

• Several smaller scale efforts already on going

• Interest in Korea, China, Brazil, …

OpenFlow: A Hack to Experiment?

Is there a bigger architecture story?

Controller

OpenFlow Switch

FlowTableFlowTable

SecureChannelSecure

Channel

OpenFlow

Protocol

OpenFlow: Enable Innovations “within” the Infrastructure

• Add/delete flow entries• Encapsulated packets• Controller discovery

Net Services

Simple Packet Forwarding Hardware

App App

Simple Packet Forwarding Hardware Simple Packet

Forwarding Hardware

Network Operating System

1. Open interface to hardware

3. Well-defined open API2. At least one good operating system

Extensible, possibly open-source

Architecturally what It Means

OpenFlow: Architecture Concepts

• Separate data from control– A standard protocol between data and control

• Define a “generalized flow” based data path– Very flexible and generalized flow abstraction

– Delayer or open up layers1-7

• Hierarchically centralized “open” controller with API– For control and management applications

• Virtualization of data and control planes

• Backward compatible– Though allows completely new header

Building Larger Internet Arch

• Inter-domain routing framework • Network access and authentication • Security architectures • Mobility management• Packet and circuit unification

– Traffic engineering

• …

Why new generation providers like it and want to build an

ecosystem?

New Generation Providers Already Buy into It

In a nutshell– Driven by cost and control– Started in data centers….

Example: New Data Center

Cost200,000 serversFanout of 20 10,000 switches$5k commercial switch $50M$1k custom-built switch $10M

Savings in 10 data centers = $400M

Control

1.Optimize for features needed2.Customize for services & apps3.Quickly improve and innovate

28The value prop applies to enterprise and service provider networks

What New Generation Providers have been Doing Within the

Datacenters

• Buy bare metal switches • Write their own control/management

applications on a common platform

Another way to look at it …

Simple Packet Forwarding Hardware

App App

Simple Packet Forwarding Hardware Simple Packet

Forwarding Hardware

Network Operating System

1. Open interface to hardware

3. Well-defined open API2. At least one good operating system

Extensible, possibly open-source

“Meeting of Minds” with Providers

Interest is Much Broader

• Datacenter operators also operate WAN infrastructures– They want to cut cost and get more control

• Legacy network operators learning from new providers – They also want to cut cost and get more control– Be more innovative and competitive

• Convergence of cellular and Internet infrastructure– Another big impetus

Net result: the change may come to all parts of the Internet infrastructure – sooner than you would think

Consequences

• More innovation in network services

– Owners, operators, 3rd party developers, researchers can improve the network

– E.g. energy management, data center management, policy routing, access control, denial of service, mobility

• Lower barrier to entry for competition

– Healthier market place with reducing Capex & OpEx

Ecosystem Coming TogetherRole for Everyone to Contribute

• Researchers and R&E Networks

• Providers: old and new– Google, Amazon, Yahoo!, (Microsoft, Facebook),

– DT, DoCoMo, (Level3, BT, Verizon, …)

• Box vendors– Enterprise and backbone

– Packet and circuit (electronic and photonics)

– Incumbents and startups

• Chip vendors– Broadcom, Dune, Marvell, ….

The Value Chain

OpenFlow/SDN As Networking Substrate

• A platform for innovations

– Within enterprise, backbone, & data center networks

• Providers buy into the architecture

– For their own reasons

• Ecosystem is coming together

The Stanford Clean Slate Program http://cleanslate.stanford.edu

The 40year old Internet is showing its age:– Infrastructure not economically sustainable– Untrustworthy, unreliable and unpredictable– Does not support architectural innovations – Ill-suited for emerging technologies and applications

e.g., ubiquitous computing with mobile wireless devices, web based computing, sensorized networked physical world, …

Bring together Stanford’s world-class breadth & depth

Research with emphasis on fundamental change andimpact on real practice of networking

Create and Distribute “Platforms for Innovations”

Funding: NSF, Cisco, Deutsche Telekom, DoCoMo, Ericsson, Google, NEC, Xilinx

The Problem

Our Approach

Handheld

BrowserUI

ApplicationsApplications

Data SubstrateData Substrate

Computation SubstrateComputation Substrate

Network SubstrateNetwork Substrate

Radio technologyRadio technology

Economics

Vision: Three tiers of computing

PC,TVat home, on the road, in hotels, on the plane

Borrow the display, keyboard, memory, etc

Internetservers data

My window into the Internet. My cache of personal data. The key to my online data.Will identify me to others.Make payments, open physical locks.

Great opportunities Revolution in Mobile Computing will change our field. Opportunity to bring change before ossification.

TodayToday

Where we willend up otherwise

Vision

Barriers1. Big-brother portals will own our data2. We will be locked-in to applications3. Wireless capacity will stay closed4. Network will stay ossified

Big-brother portals luring us to their repository We have to provide an alternative Healthcare, Financial: May never take off

When they’ve got our data, they’ve got us! When they’ve got our data, they’ve got us! Surrounded by capacity we can’t use Inefficient: Costs more, poorer quality We need an alternative

Surrounded by capacity we can’t use Inefficient: Costs more, poorer quality We need an alternative

Problem with the network. 3G: Cellular networks IP IP: Bad for mobility, security, management Need a network that continually evolves

The Big Picture

Handheld

Energy aware secure OS

Secure mobile browser

HW Platform

ApplicationsPocketSchool, Image WEB,

Augmented Reality

ApplicationsPocketSchool, Image WEB,

Augmented Reality

Data SubstratePRPL Virtual Data System

Computation SubstrateNetwork of VMs, Mobile VMsFiz web services environment

Network SubstrateOpenFlow

Radio technologyMulti-Gb/s, 99% coverage

Economics

Stanford Clean Slate Team

Networking

Economics

Languages

SecurityHCIApplications

Architecture

Education

Dan Boneh

Monica LamDavid Mazieres

Mendel RosenblumPhil Levis

Roy PeaScott Klemmer

Arogyaswami Paulraj

Nick McKeown

Ramesh Johari

John Mitchell

Christos Kozyrakis

Fouad Tobagi

Paul Kim

Distributed Systems

Guru Parulkar

Balaji Prabhakar

John Ousterhout

+ 40 graduate studentsand 6 staff engineers

Departments of EE, CS, MS&E and School of Education

Thank You!!

Reinventing Internet Infrastructure with OpenFlow and Software Defined Networking

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