Post on 30-Jan-2017
transcript
Ver 3.21
Resilient Design Toolfor Counter TerrorismUse the Resil ient Design Tool
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
The Resil ient Design Tool (RDT) wil l help key decision makers consider the
proportionate use of counter terrorism (CT) design features in new and existing
developments planned for crowded public places (i.e. anywhere in, or adjacent to,
locations to which large numbers of the general public have access).
This decision support tool has been developed with the assistance of the Centre for
the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI) and the National Counter Terrorism
Security Office (NaCTSO). By considering counter terrorism at the earl iest stage of a
development or refurbishment, this tool wil l help project decision makers to develop
the design and construction strategy in a cost effective manner.
The Resil ient Design Tool has been developed in a PDF format which is designed to
be used on screen. Enter the toolkit on the right then navigate to any of the ten main
sections by clicking on the tabs on the right hand side of the screen. Thereafter, use
the tabs across the top of the text boxes to move between sub-sections. The tabs
include advice and guidance, further reading and an interactive stakeholder map.
The stakeholder map has been included to aid developers, designers, planners,
construction engineers, transport security advisors / British Transport Police (BTP),
Architectural Liaison Officers (ALO), Crime Prevention Design Advisors (CPDA) and
Counter Terrorism Security Advisors (CTSA). This toolkit is designed to help meet the
challenges of a rapidly evolving security environment providing practical advice and
guidance. The Resil ient Design Tool has been developed to meet local needs and to
encourage joint working in a cost effective way, thereby reducing duplication of effort
and minimising cost. I t provides general guidance, but more sector specific advice
may be available in complementary guidance (see glossary).
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Example 2 -
Shopping CentreExample 1 -
Rail
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
A shopping centre is being developed which includes an integrated transport hub with
a tram station. The entire complex is a new build. The developers are aware of the
need to consider Counter Terrorism (CT) measures, and to do so most effectively they
have:
considered CT issues early in the l ife of the project.
l iaised with Counter Terrorism Security Advisors (CTSAs) at the concept and
feasibi l ity stage, al lowing them to conduct a risk assessment and make decisions
about any CT needs. This included consideration of sites neighbouring the
development, addressing any additional risks that may have arisen, al lowing the
designers, planners and developers to take a holistic view of safety and security;
incorporated into the build a range of non-invasive, passive security design features
have been incorporated into the build. These wil l have minimal or no impact on the
later operation of the centre and transport hub, and to the public wil l be largely
invisible;
contacted a range of interested parties and stakeholders who wil l have views or
regulatory influence over the development. This has helped prevent late changes and
additional unforeseen costs;
In planning the operation of the shops and transport hub early consideration of CT
has allowed careful integration of features such as vending machines, kiosks and caf
seating areas. These often overlooked elements were included in the planning of the
site, do not create concealed or unregulated spaces, and avoid creating additional
unplanned crowded areas.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Example 2 -
Shopping CentreExample 1 -
Rail
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
A development is undertaken of a shopping centre (which includes other buildings).
The developers are aware of the need to consider CT measures.
By considering CT early, the developers of the shopping centre have:
l iaised with CTSAs at the concept and feasibi l ity stage. As a result various non-
invasive, passive security design features have been suggested by CTSAs, while
threats associated with neighbouring developments, including transport systems,
have been incorporated into the planning and development of the shopping centre;
l iaised with important stakeholders involved with the concurrent development of a
tram stop, subcontractors for other buildings and special ists in CT building design;
put in place measures to ensure CT features are not compromised later in the l ife of
the development, e.g. poor maintenance preventing a vehicle barrier from
functioning.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Is the proposeddevelopment going to belocated in or adjacent to aplace accessible to the
general public?
Has somebody in yourorganisation been taskedwith managing security or
CT for the project?
Have you liaised with aCTSA about potential
terrorist related threats tothis development?
Do you know what actionsare required to addressthe threat of terrorism?
Do you know who youneed to be seeking advicefrom to incorporate CT
solutions?
Have you incorporated CTmeasures into the designand construction of thedevelopment? If not,contact a CTSA.
Assign somebody to thisrole. The size of the rolewill differ significantly
depending on the projectsize.
Seek advice and guidancefrom a Counter TerrorismSecurity Advisor (CTSA).
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Proceed to the next stageof the project.
Consult your localCounter Terrorism
Security Advisor (CTSA).
IMPORTANTDocument decisions andactions made at these
stages.
Start
EndTraining in these areas is
available throughworkshops and
programmes such asProjects Griffin and Argus
- see Glossary
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Key Design Principles
1 Consider forward planning and flexibility to counter developing threats.
2 Provide mitigation measures proportionate to the threats.
3 Design to enhance the setting.
4 Include multi-functional elements.
5 Ensure an accessible and inclusive environment.
6 Design with maintenance in mind.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Planning,Detection andProcedures
Protective
Construction
Hostile Vehicle
Mitigation
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Bollards enforcing a stand-off distance
between the exterior of a building and
where a vehicle bomb could be deployed.
HVM measures that are more in keeping
with the surrounding architecture can be
achieved with planning.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Hostile Vehicle Mitigation (HVM)
HVM encompasses the physical control of vehicles within a given area in order to
deter an attacker, deny methods of attack from being achievable, and to minimise the
impacts of an attack should one be carried out. This can be achieved by traffic
management initiatives (traffic exclusion, traffic restriction with screening or traffic
inclusion with more local asset protection), traffic calming vehicular approaches then
control l ing access to the asset by using appropriately specified vehicle security
barriers (VSBs).
While bollards and planters are typical ly used to enforce the vehicle security barrier
cordon, certain profi les of landscaping and structural versions of street furniture can
also fulfi l certain HVM functions.
Planning,Detection andProcedures
Protective
Construction
Hostile Vehicle
Mitigation
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Glazing can be enhanced in a number of
ways, some of which can even reduce
energy costs as well as providing blast
mitigation.
Stairwells can be used as protective features
if designed correctly.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Protective construction
Protective construction encompasses the robustness and design of a building, in order
to mitigate the impacts of a blast. Such protection includes the incorporation of CT
measures in relation to the skin, structure, services and plan of a building.
Planning,Detection andProcedures
Protective
Construction
Hostile Vehicle
Mitigation
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
CCTV, while typical ly associated with crime
prevention, can help in deterring and
identifying hosti le reconnaissance.
Evacuation and invacuation planning, search
procedures, and a range of other
arrangements can be made that help
preparedness, and enable measured
responses to incidents.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Planning, Detection and Procedures (PDP)
PDP encompasses the detection of hosti le vehicles and/or suspicious behaviour. I t
employs human, technological or procedural ly-based CT measures which help in
preventing and responding to terrorist attacks, as well as the incorporation and
development of a security culture.
Design QualityCost and Return
On Investment
User Experience Energy and the
Environment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Advertising boards, such as those pictured
above, could be structural ly enhanced to
provide HVM functions, while also generating
revenue.
Excluding traffic from areas, while increasing
safety and reducing pollution, can also
increase footfal l and turnover for businesses.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Cost and return on investment
While the cost of incorporating CT measures has always been a key issue in relation
to their use, CT measures can sometimes be incorporated at negligible capital cost. In
some cases CT measures can provide a return on investment in the form of revenue
generation and increases in property/area values.
Revenue can be generated by using CT measures which contain advertising space,
as demonstrated below. Research has also shown that the exclusion of traffic, while
being perceived to impact detrimental ly on businesses, may actual ly improve the
shopping environment.
Moving staff away from vulnerable areas, for example by re-organising offices, and
bringing in CTSAs to run Project Argus or Project Griffin events can all be achieved at
no cost.
Design QualityCost and Return
On Investment
User Experience Energy and the
Environment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Architectural ly-sensitive (and
structural ly-hardened) walls protect
buildings from vehicle-borne attacks.
When extensive glazing is used, protective
secondary layers of glazing can be
incorporated that do not interfere with
existing frames, fixtures and fittings.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Design quality
The symbolism and physical appearance of CT measures have long been considered
as being in direct contrast to design and permeabil ity. However, CT measures and the
pursuit of unimpaired design and permeabil ity can go hand in hand. Although certain
specifications can change, the design concept can sti l l be the same; buildings or space
can look like they would have looked without the incorporation of CT measures.
Ensuring that designs and their quality are not impinged upon is of particular
importance in heritage settings. In these cases it is important not to detract from the
historic fabric of the building or space; consultation with English Heritage is therefore
advised when considering temporary or permanent design alterations. As
demonstrated below, non-obtrusive CT measures can be incorporated which do not
require interference in such places.
Design QualityCost and Return
On Investment
User Experience Energy and the
Environment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Temporary barriers, while necessary in
certain circumstances, can be more
obtrusive than permanent or designed-in
CT measures, and can therefore have a
greater impact on user experience.
Some permanent CT measures can be
obtrusive. However, CT measures can be
reduced in size, along with considerations
such as traffic calming measures, when CT is
considered at an early stage in a
development.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
User experience
The built environment directly influences physical and psychological comfort, and the
experience of the user is a crucial factor in the perception and use of crowded places.
CT measures can therefore influence users accordingly, which puts an impetus on
their consideration and incorporation at the earl iest possible opportunity, in order to
ensure their highest aesthetic and functional performance.
Some CT measures are invisible; paying attention to buildi ing robustness can
mitigate the impact of blasts and a range of threats, hazards and accidents. Other CT
measures are more visible and therefore require further thought when considering
user experience.
Design QualityCost and Return
On Investment
User Experience Energy and the
Environment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Glazing, which is a popular feature of many
buildings, has a range of functions. I t can be
used to create open, well l i t spaces, reduce
energy consumption, and when reinforced, can
mitigate against blasts.
The use of planting and landscaping, whilst
having aesthetic appeal, can also contribute to
environmental agendas.
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Energy and the environment
CT measures can be used to address energy and environmental concerns. For
example, traffic exclusion and restriction for HVM purposes can reduce air and noise
pollution, certain types of glazing and adhesive fi lms can reduce energy
consumption, and 'green space' and biodiversity can be increased through the use of
particular traffic management approaches and CT measures.
ConstructionFeasibilityConcept Operation Refurbishment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Concept
development of initial statement of requirements in the Design Brief by or on
behalf of the cl ient confirming key requirements and constraints
identification of procurement method, procedures, organisational structure and
range of consultees and others to be engaged for the project
implementation of Design Brief and preparation of additional data
preparation of Concept Design including outl ine proposals for structural and
building services systems, outl ine specifications and prel iminary cost plan
review of procurement route
development of concept design to include structural and building services
systems, updated outl ine specifications and cost plan
completion of Project Brief
application for detai led planning permission, including Design and Access
Statement - make reference to anti-crime and CT measures in the Design and
Access Statement
preparation of technical design(s) and specifications, sufficient to co-ordinate
components and elements of the project and information for statutory standards
and construction safety
ConstructionFeasibilityConcept Operation Refurbishment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Feasibility
identification of cl ients needs and objectives, business case and possible
constraints on development
preparation of feasibi l ity studies and assessment of options to enable the client
to decide whether to proceed
preparation of detai led information for construction
application for statutory approvals
preparation of information for construction required under the building contract.
review of information provided by special ists
preparation and/or collation of tender documentation in sufficient detai l to
enable a tender or tenders to be obtained for the project
identification and evaluation of potential contractors and/or special ists for the
project
obtaining and appraising tenders; submission of recommendations to the client
ConstructionFeasibilityConcept Operation Refurbishment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Construction
letting the building/site contract, appointing the contractor
issuing of information to the contractor
arranging building/site hand over to the contractor
administration of the building/site contract to practical completion
provision to the contractor of further Information as and when reasonably
required
review of information provided by contractors and special ist
ConstructionFeasibilityConcept Operation Refurbishment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Operation
administration of the building/site contract after practical completion and
making final inspections
assisting building/site user during initial occupation period
review of project performance in use
maintenance of the building/site, on a day to day basis but also over a
prolonged period of time
considerations made regarding the maintainabil ity and flexibi l ity of building/site
usage should be central to the design
engage with emergency planners / services regarding the review and testing of
emergency procedures
ConstructionFeasibilityConcept Operation Refurbishment
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Refurbishment
identification of cl ients needs and objectives, business case and possible
constraints on development
preparation of feasibi l ity studies and assessment of options to enable the client
to decide whether to proceed
development of initial statement of requirements into the Design Brief by or on
behalf of the cl ient confirming key requirements and constraints
identification of procurement method, procedures, organisational structure and
range of consultants and others to be engaged for the project
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
interactive stakeholderguidance
interactive stakeholdermap
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Key Stakeholders
There wil l be a range of interested parties and stakeholders who
wil l have views or regulatory influence over a development. The
fol lowing l ink takes you to an interactive map showing who these
organisations may include, although the exact l ist wil l be specific
to your development.
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
interactivestakeholder map
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
The stakeholders are categorised according to the stages of a
typical project, from concept through to operation, including later
refurbishment. At each stage those expected to have views,
concerns or regulatory power are indicated, and a brief summary
is given of their area of interest.
For many of the stakeholders a series of search terms or names
of several organisations are suggested. To avoid referencing out-
dated information these are not direct l inks, but are terms with
which you can find the latest relevant information by searching
the internet. Use a web browser with these terms to direct
yourself to further information.
Important stakeholders to l iaise
with throughout the l ifecycle of a
shopping centre and tram
Built Environment Stakeholders Rail Stakeholders Security Stakeholders
User and Passenger Stakeholders
Concept Feasibility Construction Operation Refurbishment
See All
BuiltEnvironment
Rail Regulation Security Users
back
Insurers
LocalGovernment /Authority
Local / RegionalResil ienceForum
British TransportPolice & CTSAs'
InfrastructureOwner
Key Users -special security
needsNeighbours
Office of RailRegulation
Local PoliceForce
CounterTerrorism
Security Advisors
BuildingRegulations
StrategicPlanners
Access &Disabil ity Officer
Architects
LandscapeArchitects
Urban Designer
Public
Passengers &Users
Rail SystemOperators
Rail Civi lEngineers /Developers
Vehicle Builders& Designers
Rail SystemPromoters
Vehicle Owners& ROSCOs
LocalGovernment
transport planning
RegionalGovernment
transport planning
Department forTransport
PassengerTransportExecutive
ALOs & CPDAs
The Centre forProtection ofNational
Infrastructure
Department forTransport
ConstructionIndustry
StructuralEngineers
Architects
Civi l Engineers
LandscapeArchitects
Access &Disabil ity Officer
Urban Designer
BuildingRegulations
StrategicPlanners
Transportplanners
Rail SystemOperators
Rail Civi lEngineers /Developers
VehicleMaintainers
Vehicle Builders& Designers
Rail SystemPromoters
Infrastructure &station managers
Vehicle Owners& ROSCOs
Power supply &uti l i ties
LocalGovernment
transport planning
RegionalGovernment
transport planning
Department forTransport
PassengerTransportExecutive
Public
Passengers &Users
Disabil ity &Access Groups
English Heritage
CommunitySafety
Partnerships
ALOs & CPDAs
The Centre forProtection ofNational
Infrastructure
EngineeringConsultants
ConstructionIndustry
StructuralEngineers
Architects
QuantitySurveyor
Civi l Engineers
LandscapeArchitects
Special istContractors
Access &Disabil ity Officer
Urban Designer
MaterialSuppliers
Uti l itiesCompanies
BuildingRegulations
StrategicPlanners
Rail Civi lEngineers /Developers
Vehicle Builders& Designers
Communicationssystems
Vehicle Owners& ROSCOs
Power supply &uti l i ties
ALOs & CPDAs
The Centre forProtection ofNational
Infrastructure
National CounterTerrorism
Security Office
Contractors
Department forTransport
Access &Disabil ity Officer
Managers &Partner
organisations
Uti l itiesCompanies
Maintenanceagencies
Town / city centremanagers
Transportplanners
EmergencyPlanners
"Blue l ight"agencies
Private Security
Rail SystemOperators
VehicleMaintainers
Communicationssystems
Unions &Employee
Representation
Confederation ofPassengerTransport
Infrastructure &Station
Managers
Power supply &uti l i ties
PassengerFocus
Public
Passengers &Users
Keyholders Tenants
Department forTransport
ConstructionIndustry
StructuralEngineers
Architects
Civi l Engineers
LandscapeArchitects
Access &Disabil ity Officer
Urban Designer
BuildingRegulations
StrategicPlanners
Rail SystemOperators
Rail Civi lEngineers /Developers
VehicleMaintainers
Vehicle Builders& Designers
Rail SystemPromoters
Infrastructure &station managers
Vehicle Owners& ROSCOs
LocalGovernment
transport planning
RegionalGovernment
transport planning
PassengerTransportExecutive
ALOs & CPDAs
The Centre forProtection ofNational
Infrastructure
Public
Passengers &Users
Department forTransport
Engineering Consultants
Search: consulting engineers security
Construction Industry
Search: Construction Industry Council
Search: Engineering Construction
Industry Association
Structural Engineers
Search: The Institution of StructuralContractors
Search: Construction Industry Council
Search: Engineering Construction
Industry Association
Search: Civi l Engineering Contractors
Association
Insurers
Early consideration and discussion of
security may achieve insurance benefits
in the finished project
Search: Pool Re
Search: Association of British Insurers
Search: Commercial property insurance
Architects
The Royal Institute of British Architects
(RIBA) champions better buildings,
communities and the environment
through architecture and members.
Search: RIBA counter terrorism guidance.
Quantity Surveyor
Search: Chartered Institution of Civi l
Engineering Surveyors
Search: Royal Institution of Chartered
Surveyors
Civi l Engineers
Search: Institution of Civi l Engineers
Search: Civi l Engineering Contractors
Association
Landscape Architects
Landscape architects focus on the design
of outdoor and public spaces to achieve
environmental, socio-behavioural, or
aesthetic outcomes
Search: Landscape architecture security
design
Special ist Contractors
Special ist suppliers to implement any
planned security measures.
Access / Disabil ity Officer
Two bodies can advise on access issues
for the disabled. Search: Access
Association or NRAC.
Urban Designer
Urban designers focus on shaping use of
public space.
Search: Urban design council
Managers & Partner organisations
These wil l be specific to your project. You
may need to make them aware of any
security issues you have identified which
are not already being considered in your
Material Suppliers
Special ist suppliers for standard or
security enhanced construction products
Uti l ities Companies
Specifics wil l depend on your location,
but wil l include gas, water, electricity and
communications companies who own
and manage uti l i ties in the area of your
development.
Maintenance Agencies
Security features designed-in at the
concept stage or built-in at the
construction stage of development can
be degraded through poor maintenance
Building Regulations
Search: Building RegulationsStrategic Planners
Ensuring your plans fit well with the long
term plans for the area
Search: Strategic planning council
Local Government / Authority
Ensuring your plans for the development
fit with local authority regulations and
policies.
Town / City Centre Managers
Ensure your development fits into the
town centre management plans and
policies for the area.
Search: Association of Town Centre
Management
Search: Town Centre
Management
Transport Planners
Ensure your development and its security
are integrated with plans for transport in
the area
Search: transport
planning
Search: Passenger
Transport Executive
Emergency Planners
Search: resil ience
forum
Search: emergency
planning
Local / Regional Resil ience Forum
Search: Cabinet office resil ience forum.
Search: resil ience
forum.
Blue Light agencies
Search: resil ience
forum.
Private Security
This wil l be specific to your development.
Early discussion of how security wil l be
implemented may enable you to reduce
long-terms costs.
Rail System Operators
These are l ikely to be specific to yourRail Civi l Engineers / Developers
Search: Railway Civi l Engineers.
Vehicle Maintainers
Your vehicle maintainer wil l l ikely depend
on the manufacturer, but it is important to
ensure that future maintenance does not
impair the function any features added by
the original manufacturer.
Vehicle Builders & Designers
Vehicle designers and builders may be
able to supply security enhanced
vehicles.
Communications Systems
Communication systems need to be rel iable,
robust and compatible. Wil l the communication
systems you use be capable of providing
communication with blue l ight agencies if they
are underground? Wil l they be compatible with
other communication systems such as the new
mainl ine GSMR system, or legacy systems that
may sti l l be in use? Wil l the system provide any
Unions and Employee Representation
I t is important to keep unions informed of
potential alterations to the working
conditions of their employees.
Search: train union uk.
Confederation of Passenger Transport
The government-recognised trade
association for the bus, coach and light
rai l industries. The focus for consultation
and negotiation on legislation, regulation,
practices and standards.
Search: cpt uk.
British Transport Police & CTSAs
Search: btp.
Search: nactso ctsa.
Rail System Promoters
If a rai l or tram system is part of the
development project, security aspects
may be important to the case made by
rail system promoters to the Department
for Transport.
Search: DfT Local Transport Major
Infrastructure Owner
Any developments which incorporate measures
designed to mitigate against a range of threats,
including floods or terrorism, should consider
how these measures may have an effect on, or
be affected by, changing local infrastructure;
such as roads, sewers, electricity supply etc.
Identify what aspects of infrastructure are
included in or are close to the bounds of the
development. Also ensure that subsequent
access requirements are not adversely affected
Infrastructure & Station Managers
Cooperation between infrastructure
stakeholders and station management is
vital to ensure day to day events such
such as maintenance or passeneger
surges do not cause security issues.
Vehicle Owners / ROSCOSs
Rail vehicles in the UK are typical ly
owned by Roll ing Stock Companies. The
ownership of the vehicles in your
development may be different.
Search: roscos.
Power supply & uti l i ties
Power supply and uti l i ties may be subject
to attack, and also attacks on the rail
development could damage key
infrastructure. Identify power supply and
uti l i ties providers that may be uti l ising
aspects of the rail infrastructure.
Passenger Focus
Passenger focus is the independent
passenger watchdog.
Search: passenger focus.
Office of Rail Regulation
The Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) is
the independent safety and economic
regulator for Britain's rai lways.
Search: office of rai l regulation.
Local Government Transport Planners
Ensure your development and its security
are integrated with plans for transport in
the area
Search: transport
Regional Government Transport Planners
Ensure the security measures for your
development are integrated with plans for
transport in the region
Search: transport planning
Dept for Transport
The Department for Transport (DfT) Land
Security aims to protect the travell ing
public, transport facil ities and those
employed in the transport industry,
primari ly from acts of terrorism.
Search: Land security transport uk.
Passenger Transport Executive
The driving force behind the development
of public transport in the city regions.
PTEs aim to deliver single, integrated
public transport networks accessible to
al l .
Search: passenger transport executive.
Search: Transport for (Manchester) or
(London).
Local Police Force
Search: police
Architectural Liaison Officers and Crime
Prevention Design Advisors
Search: "Secured by design crime
prevention design advisors" for a
geographical map of ALOs' and CPDAs'.
Counter-Terrorism Security Advisors
(CTSAs)
The Centre for Protection of National
Infrastructure (CPNI) - typical ly contacted
via CTSAs and NaCTSO for critical
issues.
Search: CPNI
National Counter- Terrorism Security
Office (NaCTSO)
NaCTSO contributes to the UK
governments counter terrorism strategy
and can offer special ist advice regarding
the security
Search: National Counter Terrorism
Key Users - special security needs
These wil l be specific to your project.
Identify those stakeholders who may
have specific security issues, for example
embassies, prominent companies,
rel igious organisations, pol itical offices.
Neighbours
What neighbours are bordering your
development. Do they potential ly pose a
security risk to you? Or might your
development pose a security risk for
Public
Counter terrorism Security measures, if
implemented poorly, can impact negatively
on the public experience in, or around,
developments. Liaising with the public and
fol lowing best practice guidel ines can
enhance the public experience of
Passengers / Users
Search: passenger focus
Disabil ity & Access Groups
Disabled People's Access Groups are
organisation for disabled people
promoting best practice in access design
and access standards and campaigning
to improve access to buildings, transport,
the environment, information and
services. Search: disabled
English Heritage
Search: English Heritage.Community Safety Partnerships
Search: Community
safety partnership.
Keyholders
Who wil l hold they keys to various areas
of you development? Wil l they be aware
of the security responsibi l ity expected of
Tenants & Residents
Search: tenants and
residents group.
This document provides you with information and advice
about stakeholders involved at various stages of a range of
developments. Guidance and advice from these stakeholders
may help to ensure that a range of security measures are
implemented efficiently and effectively. This document works
alongside the decision support guidance notes. The guidance
notes include some examples of the benefits provided by the
early integration of Counter Terrorism security measures.
Click to identify what stakeholders you need to contact at variouskey stages in the l ifecycle of a development, including the planning
or refurbishment of shopping centres and light rai l systems
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Cormie, D. , Mays, G. , and Smith, P. , eds. 2009. Blast Effects on Buildings,
2nd ed. London: Thomas Telford
Lu, J. , Whyte, M. , McCarthy, K. , Aibara, D. , Morison, C. , and Webster, M. , 201 0.
RIBA Guidance on Designing for Counter-Terrorism . London: RIBA
The following documents are also available from the CPNI (www.cpni.gov.uk):CPNI, 2011 . Integrated Security: A Public Realm Design Guide for Hostile
Vehicle Mitigation . London: CPNI
CPNI , 201 0. Protecting Against Terrorism , 3rd edition. London: CPNI
The following documents are also available from NaCTSO (see useful contacts):A suite of counter terrorism protective security advice documents for crowded
places;
A range of business continuity publications (Expecting the Unexpected , Secure
in the Knowledge, and Counting the Cost);
Publications on the planning system and counter-terrorism, design and technical
issues, and working together.
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Centre for the Protection of National
Infrastructure
(CPNI)
www.cpni.gov.ukCPNI is the UK Government authority that
provides protective security advice to businesses
and organisations across the national
infrastructure.
National Counter Terrorism Security Office
(NaCTSO)
www.nactso.gov.ukNaCTSO is a police unit co-located with CPNI .
They are funded by, and report to, the Association
of Chief Police Officers (ACPO).
Home Office
www.homeoffice.gov.uk/counterterrorismResponsibi l ity for counter-terrorism sits within the
Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism (OSCT),
which is part of the Home Office. OSCT provides
strategic direction to the UKs work to counter the
threat from international terrorism.
Department for Transport (DfT),
www.dft.gov.uk/topics/security/The Department for Transport (DfT) aims to
protect the travell ing public, transport facil ities and
those employed in the transport industry, primari ly
from acts of terrorism.
Secured by Design
www.securedbydesign.comThe official UK Police flagship initiative supporting
the principles of designing out crime.
Landscape Institute (LI)
www.landscapeinstitute.orgRoyal Chartered body for Landscape Architects in
the UK.
Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)
www.architecture.comProfessional Association of Architects in the
United Kingdom.
The Royal Town Planning Institute (RTPI)
www.rtpi.org.ukThe Royal Town Planning Institute is the UK's
leading planning body for spatial , sustainable,
integrative and inclusive planning.
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
next
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
ACPO - Association of Chief Police Officers. ACPO coordinates policing policies on behalf of 44
forces across England, Wales and Northern Ireland. I t also l iaises with Government on dealing
with civi l emergencies and terrorist incidents.
ALARP - As Low As Reasonably Practicable. The ALARP principle is often used by decision
makers when considering whether to adopt CT measures and what measures to implement.
The principle dictates that the risk of terrorism should be reduced as low as possible within the
constraints of cost and acceptabil ity. More information about ALARP can be found on the
website of the Health and Safety Executive at hse.gov.uk/risk/theory/alarp.htmALO Architectural Liaison Officer. A special ist crime prevention officer, employed within local
pol ice forces to advise on crime risk and reduction. Special ising in designing out crime or
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design - these professionals work closely with
architects and built environment special ists to assess the possible impacts of various crimes
and how the built environment may be designed to mitigate the effects of such crimes.
BTP British Transport Police. The national pol ice force for the railways, providing a policing
service to rail operators, their staff and passengers throughout England, Scotland and Wales.
CBRN - Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear. A categorisation of weaponry that
includes components sourced from chemical, biological radioactive or nuclear materials.
CNI - Critical National Infrastructure. The nation's critical national infrastructure includes:
Communications, Emergency Services, Energy, Finance, Food, Government, Health, Transport
and Water. Within these nine national infrastructure sectors there are critical elements (these
may be physical or electronic), the loss or compromise of which would have a major detrimental
impact on the availabi l ity or integrity of essential services, leading to severe economic or social
consequences or to loss of l ife.
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
nextback
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
CPNI Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure. This organisation offers advice
aimed to reduce the occurrence of attack and reduce the vulnerabil ity of Critical National
Infrastructure to terrorist attack and threats. Typical ly contacted via CTSAs and NaCTSO for
critcal issues.
CPDAs - Crime Prevention Design Advisors - ensure that al l such relevant planning applications
submitted to their respective planning authorities are noted and forwarded to the CTSAs for
their assessment and advice.
CPTED Crime Prevention through Environmental Design The ethos behind this concept is
that the physical environment can be designed and enhanced to produce behavioural effects
that wil l reduce the incidence and fear of crime. The three strategies of the CPTED approach
that can help reduce crime are: Natural Surveil lance, Natural Access Control, and Natural
Territorial Reinforcement.
Contingency Planning - Measures of preparedness in the face of a range of identified risks.
CTSAs Counter-Terrorism Security Advisers. These are special ists within each UK police
force, primari ly commissioned to provide special ist advice regarding counter-terrorism efforts
and modes of protective security.
DfT The Department for Transport aims to protect the travell ing public, transport facil ities and
those employed in the transport industry, primari ly from acts of terrorism. The DfT's Land
Security is responsible for ensuring the security of passengers and staff on the national rai l
network, underground and light rai l systems and in the Channel Tunnel.
Home Office - The lead government department in the United Kingdom for immigration and
passports, drugs policy, counter-terrorism and police.
Typology of CT
measures
Broader CT
considerations
Key stages of a
project
Key stakeholders
Further reading
Useful contacts
Glossary
Introduction
Good Practice
Examples
Decision making
flowchart
Key principles of
design
back
Resilient Design for Counter TerrorismTowards integrated partnerships and solutions
Light Rail - Urban-based passenger rai lway systems.
LRF - Local Resil ience Forums draw together key emergency responders to consult,
col laborate and disclose information with each other to facil itate planning and response to
emergencies, and produce a Community Risk Register.
NaCTSO - National Counter Terrorism Security Office. NaCTSO contributes to the UK
governments counter terrorism strategy (CONTEST) by supporting the Protect and Prepare
strands of that strategy. NaCTSO co-ordinates a nationwide network of special ist pol ice
advisers known as Counter Terrorist Security Advisers (CTSAs) who can offer help on counter
terrorism security.
Network Rail (NR) - NR is a rail infrastructure manager constituted as a not-for-profit company.
I t is responsible for the ownership, maintenance and operation of the heavy rail network in
Britain.
ORR - Office of Rail Regulation. The ORR is a body established to monitor the l icence
performance of Network Rail and to set targets in relation to business performance, funding and
the development of new projects
OSCT - The Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism. OSCT is part of the Home Office, with
responsibi l ity for co-ordinating counter-terrorism activities in the UK.
Project Argus - a NaCTSO initiative, exploring ways to help in preventing, handling and
recovering from a terrorist attack. Further information available from NaCTSO.
Project Griffin - A police initiative to protect cities and communities from the threat of terrorism.
Search Project Griffin
Text1201: Text896: Copy of Text104: Text395: Text546: Text928: Text397: Text483: Text486: Text452: Text514: Text518: Text522: Text404: Text526: Text531: Text536: Text541: Text900: Text513: Text1372: Text1093: Text1104: Text489: Text494: Text500: