RESURGENCE OF CONSERVATISM

Chapter 22

SOCIAL CONCERNS IN THE 1980S

Health, Education and Cities in Crisis

One of the most troubling issues was AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)

Ways to contract the disease Transfer of bodily

fluids Sharing needles unsafe sex Blood transfusions

AIDS Why was Earvin

Johnson (Magic Johnson) important to AIDS?

Famous NBA basketball player contracted HIV and became the face of Aids awareness

Abortion Had been legal

since 1973 Pro-Life movement

grew throughout the 1980s

Drug Abuse Reagan

Administration launched a war on drugs

Supported moves to prosecute users as well as dealers

“Just Say No” campaign – Nancy Reagan

Drunk Driving Mothers Against

Drunk Driving (MADD)

Founded to stop underage drinking and driving

Education American students

lagged behind students of industrialized nations

23 million could not fill out a job application

What were some of the proposed solutions?

More homework, longer school days and longer school year

The Urban Crisis Crisis in education

closely connected to crisis in the cities

1970s the US became increasingly suburbanized

More families responded to lure of the suburbs

Poor people and racial minorities left in the cities

Divided into wealth and poor neighborhoods

The Urban Crisis Police raided

nightclub because of sexual orientation

Led to an uprising of gays and lesbians

Gay Liberation Front organized

What was the name of the riot?

1969 Stonewall Riot

FOREIGN POLICY AFTER THE COLD WAR

The Cold War Ends March 1985 Mikhail

Gorbachev became the secretary of the Communist party in the Soviet Union

Ushered in new era in the USSR

Gorbachev Initiates Reform

He allowed open criticism of the government and reforms

Glasnost= openness in discussing social problems

Perestroika= Restructuring of Russian Economy

Gorbachev Initiates Reform

As Reagan built up US military

Gorbachev knew the USSR could not keep up

Offered to reduce the Soviet military

INF treaty 1987 began the reduction of weapon systems

The Soviet Union Declines Gorbachev introduced

democratic ideals and the Soviet military became less feared

Many Soviet republics declared their independence

Gorbachev resigned as Soviet president Boris Yeltsin took over

When did Yeltsin and Busch declare the Cold War was over?

February 1987

The Collapse of the Communist Regime

Impoverished Soviet Union could not support unpopular regimes in Eastern European satellite nations

November 9, 1989 East Germany opened the Berlin Wall

Allowed free passage for the first time in 28 years

The Collapse of Communist Regimes

Which Soviet satellite, when freed, had a lot of ethnic problems?

Yugoslavia

Communism Continues in China Early 1980s reform

began in China Communist

government loosened grip on business

Eliminated some price controls

Communism Continues in China In April 1989,

university students hold pro-democracy marches in Beijing's Tiananmen Square

How did the government react to this? The Chinese

government ordered the military to crush the protestors

Central America and the Caribbean Policy

US opposed socialists government in these regions

Nicaragua Between 1977-79 there

was a civil war US supported Somaza

government and the Sandinistas (communist backed) won

Reagan supported the Contras to overthrow the Sandinista government

Grenada Reagan sent 2000

US troops to overthrow pro-Cuban government

Also protect US students on the island (big success)

Panama 1989 President

Bush sent 20,000 soldiers and marines to overthrow and arrest General Manuel Noriega

Why? Noreiga was

helping drug smugglers get illegal drugs into the US

Middle East Trouble Spots The Iran-Contra Scandal 1983 terrorists groups

loyal to Iran took a number of US hostages in Lebanon

Reagan said he would never deal with terrorists

What were the three parts of the scandal? Sales to Iran Iran get US hostages

freed Money from sale to the

Contras

Middle East Trouble Spots Summer of 1987

special committee of both houses of Congress conducts an inquiry

Colonel Oliver North (member of national Security Council) give testimony, but not against Reagan

Persian Gulf War August 2, 1990 Iraqi

troops invade Kuwait and threaten Saudi Arabia

With support of Congress President Bush launched Operation Desert Storm to liberate Kuwait

There was a six week air war followed by a 100 hour ground war

Bush’s Domestic Policy Despite great

achievements inn the Persian Gulf, Bush not successful on home front

Billionaire from Texas ran as an independent, stressed need to end deficit spending H. Ross Perot

Bush’s Domestic Policy What two chances

hurt his chances for reelection? Economic

Recession Broken promise of

not raising taxes

Election of 1992 Bill Clinton wins the

election with 43% of the vote and Democrats keep control of Congress

Bush 37%, Ross Perot 19%, most since 1912

First president born after World War II

First person of the Baby Boom generation

His task to revive the economy and guide US in rapidly changing world