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Pierre Y. Julien

River Engineering and Modeling

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Colorado State University

Fort Collins, Colorado

River Mechanics and Sediment Transport

Lima Peru – January 2016

Objectives

Brief overview of methods and case studies for river engineering and modeling:

1. Degradation, Scour and Gravel Mining;

2. Aggradation, Sedimentation and Flushing;

3. Dredging and Sediment Management.

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1. Degradation, Scour and Gravel Mining

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October 1998 Flood

Flood Prone Areas (Oct 1998 Flood)

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Channel realignment

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Sand and Gravel Mining

Kampong Kubang Bedengong Kampong Lubok Segintah

River Sand Mining

Sand Mining Pumping Activity

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Longitudinal Flood Profile for Sg Muda (Q=1340m3/s)

Mud

a B

arra

ge

Mer

deka

B

ridg

e

Exp

ress

way

Bri

dge

Rai

lway

Bri

dge B

ridg

e

Pip

e

Bri

dge

Off-stream Sand and Gravel Mining

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•Diversion to Sg. Merbok not

recommended

• Likely sedimentation

upstream of Muda Barrage

2. Aggradation, Sedimentation and Flushing

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QQQQin s in in s in

Qs out Q s in Q out Q in<

=Q out Q in=Qs out Qs in>

2 W W

2 WW

Convergence implies

degradation

Divergence implies

aggradation

a) b)

Environmental Considerations

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Example 3-D Model Mississippi

DykesPGC1

Slide 24

PGC1 Typical dike construction on the Mississippi RiverPhil Combs, 8/29/2002

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Cottage Bend

1995

1976

1984

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From JulienRiver MechanicsCUP 2002

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L&D No. 3

Locks and Dams

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Sedimentation Problems Can Be Solved

Bengal and Indus

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Sediment Flushing

CSU Hydraulics Laboratory

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3. Dredging and Sediment Management

Dredging Methods in the US and South Korea

Pierre Y. JulienColorado State University

World Water ForumDaegu, April 2015

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DragC - 2000 ppm

Pump

Hoppers

Overflow C - 20 000 ppm

GantryH frame A frame

HoistPumpDischarge line

SpudSuction line

Ladder

C - 10 000 ppmCutterhead basket

Closed-nose basket Open-nose basket

A frame

Anchor lines

DustpanLadder

Short dis- charge pipe

Water injectionDetail of dustpan

(a) Hopper dredge

(b) Dustpan dredge

(c) Cutterhead dredge

Suction line

Cutterhead

Anchor

Port swing cable

Dredge

Starboard swing cable

Anchor

Spud up Spud down

Pontoon

Flexible discharge

To disposal site

•Dipper Dredge, NY, USACE

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Clamshell Dredge

•Mystic River Clamshell Dredge, New England District, USACE

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Hopper Dredge

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Dustpan Dredge

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Cutterhead Dredge

Cutterhead Dredge

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•Closed-nose Basket Cutterhead Dredge, Delaware River, USACE

•Open-nose Basket Cutterhead Dredge, Savannah River , USACE

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Disposal site for dredged material

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•Middle Rio Grande, NM, USBR

•Middle Rio Grande, NM, USBR

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•Middle Rio Grande, NM, USBR

River Widening and RetrofittingNakdong River near Busan, South Korea

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Nakdong River Estuary Barrage

•from Ji et al. ASCE-JHE, Nov. 2011

Nakdong River Estuary Barrage

64•Photo of Sangju Weir in South Korea from Hwayoung Kim

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Dr. Everett Richardson, CSUCinzia Santoro, U. CataniaDr. Carl Nordin, CSU Dr. Chris Thornton, CSU Dr. Drew Baird, USBRDr. Sangkil Park, PNUDr. Un Ji, KICTDr. Sangdo An, K-waterJonathan Aubuchon, USBRRobert Padilla, USBRDr. Aminuddin Ab Ghani, USM Dr. Azazi Zakaria, USMDr. Dan Gessler, Halden lab.Dr. Phil Combs, ERDCPatrick O’Brien, CRREL and ERDCHwayoung Kim, K-water and CSUDr. Tom Pokrefke, ERDC… so many others …

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MuchasGracias!

pierre@engr.colostate.edu