Post on 20-Aug-2015
transcript
Open Archives
Sanna Marttila Aalto Media Factory, May 26 2014
Opportunities and challenges
Sanna Marttila Aalto University, School of Arts, Design and Architecture - Media Lab @sannamarttila
OKFN LOCAL: Finland
h0p://medialab.aalto.fi/
h0p://arki.mlog.taik.fi/
Photo by dullhunk CC by-nc-sa license
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What do we mean when we talk about open content, data, culture, archive? Levels of openness and par:cipa:on
By ALA TechSource CC BY-‐SA
CC BY-‐NC 2.0 by aIab in Flickr
By RichardHare, CC-‐BY-‐NC-‐SA
Some rights reserved CC BY-‐NC-‐SA by footage in Flickr
Some rights reserved CC BY-‐NC-‐SA by Hindrik S
Photo by thebigdurian / taken on April 23, 2009 / CC by-‐nc-‐sa license
Some rights reserved CC BY-NC-SA by Dave McLean in Flickr
Some rights reserved by ~Brenda-Starr~
Openness
ParRcipaRon
SOURCE: h0p://p2pfoundaRon.net/File:4_types_of_co-‐creaRon.png
Exclusion
Rivalry
Low High
Easy
Difficult
Public Goods Common-Pool Resources
Private Goods Club Goods
Types of Goods. Adapted from Ostrom & Ostrom; Hess & Ostrom 2007; Hess 2010
Public Domain content?
Open content?
Shared content?
Common goods?
What is open data/content?
CC logo by claudioruiz, in Flickr
CC logo by claudioruiz, in Flickr
Source: http://opendefinition.org
A piece of data or content is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it — subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and/or share-alike.
“
“
CC logo by claudioruiz, in Flickr More detailed definition, see http://opendefinition.org
1) Legally reusable - Licensed, and no legal restrictions
2) Techically reusable - Data has been published in machine
redable format and using open standars
3) Freely reusable, no charges or fee
4) No discrimination against persons or groups, or against fields of endeavor
Screen shot: h0p://5stardata.info/
Partial screen shot: http://5stardata.info/
What is open participation?
CC BY by vancouverfilmschool in Flickr
re-view re-think re-mix Le
vel o
f ope
nnes
s
Level of participation
Interpretation Appropriation Innovation
re-view re-think re-mix Le
vel o
f ope
nnes
s
Level of participation
Access to collections and catalogues
Derivative works e.g. Remixes and
mashups
Sharing and enriching the content
New adaptations and approriations e.g. collections and links
New Services and applications
Interpretation Appropriation Innovation
Some strategies to provide open access and support creative re-use
COPYRIGHT all rights reserved
CREATIVE COMMONS some rights reserved
PUBLIC DOMAIN rights waived or expired
Some rights reserved CC-‐BY-‐NC-‐SA by Eva the Weaver
Challenges to open culture data
Image by Images_of_Money CC BY license
Some rights reserved CC-‐BY by Horia Varlan
Risks of open data. Image by JAM/Europeana. CC-‐BY license in The Problem of the Yellow Milkmaid. A Business Model PerspecRve on Open Metadata
CC BY-‐SA AvoinGLAM in Flickr
Challeges for open cultural organization
Technology - Lack of experience and skills in the organization - Digital tools, platforms and services are outsourced Copyrights - Organizations do not hold the rights to their holdings - Rights clearance process is too time consuming and too
expensive Organizations practices and processes’ - Need for good case studies and arguments – why open? - The change of own role in the organizations - What are the main tasks of the organization? To be open?
Why open data? Benefits for organizations?
1. Organization gets more visibility and brand value 2. To meet public mission and objectives
3. New opportunities for online collections
4. Empowering participation and civic action. (e.g. crowdsourcing
the enrichment of meta data)
5. Knowledge and cultural resource for various groups and publics (e.g. neighbourhoods, practitioners, companies)
6. New knowledge, novel applications and services
Two case examples: Rijksmuseum and Europeana
h0p://www.rijksmuseum.nl/api
Rijksmuseum In the late 2011 Rijksmuseum launched an API with over 111 000 meta data records and images under Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY). (later changed to CC 0) • Hudreds developers registered for the API key • over 20 applications
h0p://weblab.ab-‐c.nl/rijksmuseum AB-‐C Media /
h0ps://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio
h0ps://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/collecRe/SK-‐A-‐2344
h0ps://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/api
h0p://europeana.eu/
h0p://pinterest.com/europeana/
h0p://muse-‐opensource.org/
h0p://historiana.eu/
h0p://vangoyourself.com/
CC B
Y-N
C-SA
Photos: Remix Helsinki CC BY-‐NC-‐SA 3.0
Hands-on workshop with young adults
Photos: Remix Helsinki CC BY-‐NC-‐SA 3.0
Collaborating in actual context
and use
Is it legal to reuse these videos, or link them to my Facebook page?
How can I edit the text?
It would be nice to be able to re-‐
edit the comments.
What keywords I should use to find relevant content?
CC B
Y-N
C-SA
Photos: Remix Helsinki CC BY-‐NC-‐SA 3.0
h0p://kdk.fi/europeana/
Photos by AvoinGLAM CC BY
Provide audiovisual content and contextual, descriptive metadata to support creative re-use
Examples of open archives
CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 by future15pic in Flickr
h0ps://www.finna.fi/
h0p://euscreen.eu/
h0p://www.europeana.eu/portal/
h0p://www.abc.net.au/archives/openarchives.htm
Open public broadcasting corporation
h0p://archive.org/details/911
Collaborative documentaly and media collection
h0p://www.18daysinegypt.com/
h0p://code.chirls.com/bu0ercamp/
Collaborative documentaly and media collection
Platform for collaborative creation
h0p://www.sandystoryline.com),
h0p://metavid.org/w/index.php
Civic participation – navigating video
h0p://www.digitalvaults.org/
Navigation and contextualization of large collections
h0p://www.rebelliouspixels.com/semanRcremix/
Combining video to other media and data sources
h0p://datajournalism.stanford.edu/index.html
Dynamic storytelling
h0p://www.historypin.com/
HISTORY PIN SLIDES
h0p://www.europeana1989.eu/
Some strategies and insights on opening collections and archives
CC BY-‐SA by DRs Kulturarvsprojekt in Flickr
Some rights reserved by ~Brenda-Starr~
CC BY-‐SA by DRs Kulturarvsprojekt in Flickr
Some rights reserved CC-‐BY by Horia Varlan
OPEN and TRANSPARENT ORGANIZATION
OPEN *meaningful* ACCESS
OPEN LICENSES (CC) OPEN DESIGN & PRODUCTION
h0p://www.sitasingstheblues.com/
h0p://creaRve-‐commons.deviantart.com/ gallery/26171826
h0p://www.instructables.com/
h0p://en.cosmonautexperience.com/
SHARING EXPERIENCE (marketing)
SHARING KNOWLEDGE
SHARING CONTENT SHARING PRODUCTION
Form partnerships with other institutions and stakeholders
Be open in various levels: data, content, standars/formats, technology, organization, participation… open for dialogue!
Start small and with a limited collection
Use standard license frameworks and make use of available open source tools and services
Be visible on multiple platforms and services (e.g. Wikimedia and Flickr Commons)
Photos by KaR Hyyppä CC BY-‐NC-‐SA 3.0
CC B
Y-N
C-SA
3.0
Photo by Remix Helsinki, CC BY-SA-NC
Thank you! sanna.marttila@aalto.fi #sannamarttila
h0ps://creaRvecommons.org/licenses/by-‐sa/4.0/