All Rights Reserved. © Quadrant Group Limited 2016

SATCE

Tue 19th – Thurs 21st April 2016

Dr Jeremy Goodman MRAeSSenior Manager, Quadrant Group

What it is,What it isn’t, andWhere it’s going?

SATCE = Simulated ATC Environment

“The simulation of other traffic entities within an airspace or ground environment, along with the associated ATC radio and data communications to other traffic and the ownship within this wider context.”

ICAO Doc 9625 Edition 4 (2015)

- a new tool / technology for FSTDs- In a nutshell:

1. Other Traffic Movements2. ATC Communications

I’d like to address these

big questions:

• Do we really need it?• What does it offer?• What progress has been made?• What are the major

challenges???

?

?

?

Why should we be interested?

“ATC Simulation is the missing link in pilot training”

2009 Industry consultation by Thales Simulation and Training for the RAeS FSG, supported by RAeS & Halldale Media

of flight crew training professionals

of regulators62%77%

SATCE could become the next most significant jump in simulator fidelity and add the most training benefit for 20 years…

Why should we be interested?

“ATC Communications”

ATC Communications:• Radio comms to / from the ownship• Radio comms to / from other traffic• Data comms to / from the ownship• For all ATC services (frequencies)

What is not SATCE?

SATCE excludesnon-ATC Communications:

• Flight/Cabin Crew• Company• Dispatch• Ground• Other…

Do we really need SATCE?LOSA Archive (2006)

25 airlines

4,500 flights

19k logged threatsMerritt & Klinect, Defensive Flying for Pilots: An Introduction to Threat & Error Management, University of Texas Human Factors Research Project, The LOSA Collaborative, Dec 2006

Other30%Airport

7% Adverse Weather

25%

ATC 25%

Aircraft13%

THREATS

#2 - ATC was the most problematic threat*2*Mismanagement rate x frequency of occurrence

#1 - ATC represents as frequent a threat* as adverse weather1* Threat is an increase in operational complexity – something that requires crew attention and management to maintain safety margins

Do we really need SATCE?Threats : LOSA Archive (2006)

Other30%Airport

7% Adverse Weather

25%

ATC 25%

Aircraft13%

Do we have adequate fidelity?There is a

STERILE external environment in most FSTDs...

Other Traffic: StaticCommunications: Basic ATC (Instructor)

NO Other TrafficNO CommunicationsNO ATC

Industry Progress

1. ATC Simulation Providers2. FSTD System Suppliers3. Major TDMs / Training Providers

SATCE is actively under development by at least 8organizations in the industry:

Different SATCE Implementations under Development

SATCE Type Other Traffic Simulation

ATC Service to Other Traffic

ATC Service to Ownship

Semi-Automated SATCE

Synthetic Synthetic Synthetic + Instructor

Limited SATCE Synthetic Synthetic Instructor

Remote SATCE Synthetic N/A Remote (Human)

Quick Before / After Video

• Capture from visual system

• London Heathrow(pushback and taxi)

• Part of an enhanced r/w incursion sequence

Training Benefits - Scenarios

Enhance Current Scenarios:• R/W Incursions

• GA (ATC-initiated)

• Low Visibility Operations

• RTO

• Enhanced TCAS

Introduce New Scenarios:• Busy Airspace

• ATC Errors

• ATC - Late Clearances

• Data Link

• Special Airport Familiarization

SATCE will remove the instructor from being a part of the simulation

to become the simulation

CONTROLLERand

OBSERVER

Training Benefits - Instructor

Training Benefits

SATCE will supportcompetency-based training (CBT)

8 Core Pilot Competencies1. Application of Procedures

2. Communication

3. Aircraft Flight Path Management, Automation

4. Aircraft Flight Path Management, Manual Control

5. Leadership & Teamwork

6. Problem Solving & Decision Making

7. Situation Awareness

8. Work Load Management

9. (Knowledge)

ICAO Doc 9995, Manual of EBT 2013

7/9

Training Benefits

8 Core Pilot Competencies1. Application of Procedures

2. Communication

3. Aircraft Flight Path Management, Automation

4. Aircraft Flight Path Management, Manual Control

5. Leadership & Teamwork

6. Problem Solving & Decision Making

7. Situation Awareness

8. Work Load Management

9. (Knowledge)

7/9

Training Benefits

ICAO Doc 9995, Manual of EBT 2013

Training Benefits - Future

SATCE will support future training requirements

Future ATM Systems:• Higher levels of automation• Heavier traffic density• Communications necessarily become

more time-critical (not less)• Change from ATC to ATM function

(changing pilot-ATM relationships)• Increasing use of data communications

Training Benefits - Future

Challengesfor SATCE

Technical ChallengesSpeech Recognition (SR)Artificial Intelligence (AI)Usability (simple interface, complex system)

Commercial EnvironmentHighly competitive civil FSTD marketPrice sensitiveTime-pressured training

Regulatory AdoptionSlow progress (but steady)

ARINC Report 439

• 1st Edition published April 2014

• Most comprehensive industry guidance on SATCE - includes guidance on technology, maintenance & qualification

• Recommends SATCE for all ab initiopilot training & the MPL

FSEMC WG on SATCEUpdating ARINC Report 439• Last meeting – April 13-15 ‘16,

Orlando

• Goal to publish ARINC Specification 439A by September 2016

• Draft due for circulation June/July 2016

FSEMC WG on SATCE URL:http://aviation-ia.com/fsemc/projects/satc/index.html

SATCE WG Participants have included:

ICAO 9625 4th Edition

• SATCE recommended, not yet required

• Updated guidance on SATCE

• Harmonized with ARINC Report 439

• SATCE recommended to industry for all ab initio training (including all levels of the MPL)

ICAO Store URL:http://store1.icao.int/index.php/manual-of-criteria-for-the-qualification-of-flight-simulation-training-devices-volume-1-aeroplanes-english-printed.html

IATA & IFALPA - MPL

• Guidance Material and Best Practices for MPL Implementation

• 2nd Ed - July 2015

• Chapter on SATCE

“It is recommended that SATCE be adopted for all types of FSTD and all MPL training phases.”

Take-aways SATCE isIncreasingly-supported across the industryUndergoing development, trials & initial sales

SATCE willA substantial jump in fidelity & add training valueSupport CBT, EBT & real-time training Impact the instructor role

SATCE facesTechnical challenges – SR, AICommercial challengesRegulatory challenges

SATCE is an emerging

simulation technology

it is still vulnerableand not yet fully mature

it will require a nurturing

environment:

promotion investment patience &

perseverance

All Rights Reserved. © Quadrant Group Limited 2016

Thank-you

Dr Jeremy Goodman MRAeSSenior Manager, Quadrant Group