SatireSatire

DefinitionDefinitionA literary work that ridicules A literary work that ridicules its subject through the use its subject through the use of techniques such as of techniques such as exaggeration, reversal, exaggeration, reversal, incongruity, and/or parody in incongruity, and/or parody in order to make a comment or order to make a comment or criticism about it.criticism about it.

First Type of Satire:First Type of Satire: FormalFormal In formal satire, the satiric In formal satire, the satiric

voice speaks, usually in the first voice speaks, usually in the first person, either directly to the person, either directly to the reader or to a character in the reader or to a character in the written work.written work.

There are two types of formal There are two types of formal satire: satire: Horatian and JuvenalianHoratian and Juvenalian

Horatian SatireHoratian Satire

Horatian Satire, named Horatian Satire, named for the Roman poet, for the Roman poet, Horace, is gentle, Horace, is gentle, urbane, smiling; it aims urbane, smiling; it aims to correct through to correct through gentle and sympathetic gentle and sympathetic laughter.laughter.

Horatian SatireHoratian Satire

Juvenalian SatireJuvenalian Satire

Juvenalian Satire, named for Juvenalian Satire, named for the Roman poet Juvenal, is the Roman poet Juvenal, is biting, bitter, angry; it biting, bitter, angry; it points with contempt and points with contempt and moral indignation to the moral indignation to the corruption and evil of corruption and evil of human beings and human beings and institutions.institutions.

Juvenalian SatireJuvenalian Satire

Second Type of SatireSecond Type of Satire

Indirect Satire:Indirect Satire: In indirect satire, the satire is In indirect satire, the satire is

expressed through a narrative, and expressed through a narrative, and the characters or groups who are the characters or groups who are the focus of the satire are ridiculed the focus of the satire are ridiculed not by what is said about them, but not by what is said about them, but by what they themselves say and do.by what they themselves say and do.

Much of the great literary satire is Much of the great literary satire is indirect.indirect.

Examples of Indirect Examples of Indirect Satire:Satire:

The SimpsonsThe Simpsons Family GuyFamily Guy South ParkSouth Park Brave New WorldBrave New World Great Great

ExpectationsExpectations Scary Movie 1, 2 Scary Movie 1, 2

and 3and 3 Chappelle’s ShowChappelle’s Show

CluelessClueless Saturday Night Saturday Night

LiveLive MAD TV.MAD TV. Naked GunNaked Gun The Truman The Truman

ShowShow ScrubsScrubs Huckleberry FinnHuckleberry Finn

Four Techniques of Four Techniques of SatireSatire1. Exaggeration1. Exaggeration

To enlarge, increase, or represent To enlarge, increase, or represent something beyond normal bounds so that it something beyond normal bounds so that it becomes ridiculous and its faults can be becomes ridiculous and its faults can be seen.seen.

2. Incongruity2. IncongruityTo present things that are out of place or To present things that are out of place or are absurd in relation to its surroundings.are absurd in relation to its surroundings.

3. Reversal 3. Reversal To present the opposite of the normal To present the opposite of the normal order (e.g., the order of events hierarchical order (e.g., the order of events hierarchical order).order).

4. Parody4. ParodyTo imitate the techniques and/or style of To imitate the techniques and/or style of some person, place or thing.some person, place or thing.

ExaggerationExaggeration

IncongruityIncongruity

ReversalReversal

ParodParodyy

Horation Horation or or

JuvenaliJuvenalian?an?

Horation Horation or or

JuvenaliJuvenalian?an?

Which Which of the of the four four types?types?

Horation or Juvenalian?Horation or Juvenalian?

Horation or Juvenalian? Horation or Juvenalian?

Horation Horation or or

JuvenaliaJuvenalian?n?

Horation or Juvenalian?Horation or Juvenalian?

Which of the four types?Which of the four types?

Which of the four types?Which of the four types?

Which of the four types?Which of the four types?

Which of the four types?Which of the four types?

Which of the four types?Which of the four types?