School Measure Proposals for Small and Rural Utilities

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Today’s Meeting• Project recap• Measure proposals

– Proposal– Discussion

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Project Recap

• Research– OR Cool Schools audit DB– MT & ID audit reports

• Selected measures– Frequency– Savings potential– Cost effectiveness

• Drafted proposals

Measure Proposal1. Specification2. Prelim. description of

savings estimation procedure

3. Estimate of total achievable regional savings potential

4. Estimates of EUL and cost

5. Category: Planning, Small Saver, Provisional, Operative

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Proposed Measure List

1. Interior lighting2. Exterior lighting3. Weatherization4. Programmable thermostat5. Demand control ventilation6. Domestic hot water pump7. Faucet aerator8. Vending machine controller

Lighting1. Interior

2. Exterior

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Interior lightingIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. Retrofit standard 4 ft, T8 lamp to low wattage T8 lamp

4-ft, 32-watt T8 lamp 4-ft, 28-watt T8 lamp

2. Delamp 3-lamp 4ft, T-8 fixture

3-lamp 4-ft T-8 lighting fixture, 90 W fixture

2-lamp 4-ft T-8 lighting fixture,55 W fixture

3. Delamp 3-lamp 4ft, T-12 fixture

3-lamp 4-ft T-12 lighting fixture, 130 W fixture

2-lamp 4-ft T-8 lighting fixture, 55 W

4. Delamp 4-lamp 4ft, T-8 fixture

4-lamp 4-ft T-8 lighting fixture, 114 W fixture

3-lamp 4-ft T-8 lighting fixture, 81 W fixture

5. Delamp 4-lamp 4ft, T-12 fixture

4-lamp 4-ft T-12 lighting fixture, 164 W fixture

3-lamp 4-ft T-8 lighting fixture, 81 W fixture

6. High efficiency indoor lighting fixture

Lamp power bins: >400W, =400W, 176W-399W, 101W-175W, <=100W

Lamp power bins: <=600W, <=244W, <=192W, <=128W, <=64W

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Interior lighting (cont.)Estimated regional potential

19,000,000 – 28,000,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Calibrated Engineering ModelThe difference in baseline and efficient case Lamp Wattage is multiplied by the Operating Hours. The Lighting Savings is then multiplied by the Interactive Heating Factor.

Input parameters Constant: Operating Hours; Interactive Heating FactorAdjustment factor: Lamp or Fixture Power

Model calibration Maintain consistency with lighting calculator

UES components 1. Lighting savings2. Interactive heating savings

Cost $12/lamp, $32/fixture (delamp), $100 - $250/fixture (new fixtures)

EUL 15 year

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Exterior lightingIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. Efficient pole/arm-mounted fixture with photocell

Outdoor pole/arm-mounted HID or incandescent fixture. Lamp power bins:<=175W HID176W - 250W HID251W - 400W HID > 400 W

Outdoor pole/arm-mounted efficient fixture - pulse-start metal halide or LED – with photocell. Lamp power bins: 33W108W225W360W

2. Efficient wall/ceiling-mounted area fixture with photocell

Outdoor wall/ceiling-mounted area HID or incandescent fixture. Lamp power bins:<=175W HID176W - 250W HID251W - 400W HID> 400W

Outdoor wall/ceiling-mounted efficient fixture - pulse-start metal halide or LED – with photocell. Lamp power bins:33W108W225W360W

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Exterior lighting (cont.)Estimated regional potential

1,400,000 – 2,100,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Calibrated Engineering ModelThe product of efficient case Fixture Power and efficient case Operating Hours is subtracted from the product of base case Fixture Power and base case Operating Hours.

Input parameters Adjustment factors: Fixture Power and Operating Hours

Model calibration Calibrate baseline Operating Hours to audit result or survey

UES components 1. Lighting savings

Cost $200 (PsMH) - $1000 (LED) per fixture

EUL 12 year

Whole building1. Weatherization

2. Programmable thermostat

3. Demand control ventilation

4. Domestic hot water pump

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Building simulation approach• Create baseline building prototypes:

– PNNL’s ASHRAE 90.1 prototype models– Adv. Energy Design Guide: K-12 Schools baseline– Cool Schools audit data– 2009 CBSA Public Use Data

• Climate zones: ASHRAE 4C, 5B or 6B• Calibrate baseline prototypes to billed usage• Simulate baseline and measure cases• Normalize savings per school floor area

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WeatherizationIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. Increase attic insulation

R-15 R-38

2. Increase exterior wall insulation

R-0, uninsulated R-14

3. Increase floor insulation

R-0, uninsulated R-30

4. Reduce infiltration 0.75 ACH 0.6 ACH

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Weatherization (cont.)Estimated regional potential

7,000,000 – 10,700,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Calibrated Engineering ModelSimulate baseline and efficient scenarios and savings are the difference

Input parameters Adjustment factors: Insulation Level and Infiltration Rate

Model calibration Calibrate baseline prototype’s energy use to billed use

UES components 1. Heating energy savings

Cost Attic insulation: $0.84 - $1.61/sqftWall insulation: $0.55 - $0.97/sqftUnder floor insulation: $1.37 - $3.91/sqftWeatherstripping: $212.00/opening

EUL 11 year (weatherstripping)20 year (insulation)

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Programmable thermostatIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. Programmable thermostat

No setbackOccupied & Unoccupied:Heating setpoint: 72 °FCooling setpoint: 76 °F

SetbackOccupied (M-F 7am-10pm):Heating setpoint: 72 °FCooling setpoint: 76 °FUnoccupied: Heating setpoint: 55 °FCooling setpoint: 85 °F

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Programmable thermostat (cont.)Estimated regional potential

1,300,000 – 2,000,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Calibrated Engineering ModelSimulate baseline and efficient scenarios and savings are the difference

Input parameters Adjustment factors: Setpoints and Schedule

Model calibration Calibrate baseline prototype’s energy use to billed use

UES components 1. Heating energy savings2. Fan energy savings

Cost $175/1000 sq ft controlled

EUL 11 years

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Demand Control VentilationIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. VFD with DCV – Gym with heat pump

Constant ventilation rate. Adhere to ASHRAE Standard 62.1 Chapter 6 Section 6.2.1 through 6.2.9 minimum ventilation rates for Multi-use assembly in Education Facilities

Ventilation rate varies with space occupancy. Apply methods described in ASHRAE standard 62.1 Section 6.2.6 for designing for varying operating conditions.

2. VFD with DCV – Gym with gas pack

Constant ventilation rate. Ventilation rate varies with space occupancy.

3. VFD with DCV – Auditorium with heat pump

Constant ventilation rate. Ventilation rate varies with space occupancy.

4. VFD with DCV – Auditorium with gas pack

Constant ventilation rate. Ventilation rate varies with space occupancy.

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Demand Control Ventilation (cont.)Estimated regional potential

1,800,000 – 5,400,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Calibrated Engineering ModelSimulate baseline and efficient scenarios and savings are the difference

Input parameters Adjustment factors: Supply Fan Speed

Model calibration Calibrate baseline prototype’s energy use to billed use

UES components 1. Fan energy savings2. Heating energy savings

Cost $310/ton

EUL 15 yr

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Domestic Hot Water PumpIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. Install time clock on DHW circulation pump

Pump operates 24 hours per day

Pump operates M-F, 7am-10pm

Estimated regional potential

400,000 – 600,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Calibrated Engineering ModelSimulate baseline and efficient scenarios and savings are the difference

Input parameters Adjustment factors: Pump Operating Schedule

Model calibration Calibrate baseline prototype’s energy use to billed use

UES components 1. Water heating energy savings2. Pump motor energy savings

Cost $225

EUL 15 years

Other1. Faucet aerator

2. Vending machine controller

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Faucet AeratorIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. Low flow faucet aerator

0.75 GPM faucet flow rate 0.25 GPM faucet flow rate

Estimated regional potential

500,000 – 700,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Calibrated Engineering ModelWater heating energy use attributed to faucet flow to be determined at the baseline and efficient Hot Water Use rates. The savings result will be the difference between baseline and efficient case.

Input parameters Adjustment Factor: Hot Water Use

Model calibration Expert judgment

UES components 1. Water heating energy

Cost $6.70/faucet

EUL 9 yr

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Vending Machine ControllerIdentifiers Base case Efficient case

1. Vending machine controller

Refrigerated vending machine without control

Refrigerated vending machine with occupancy sensor that shuts off machine after 15min delay

Estimated regional potential

1,000,000 – 1,500,000 kWh

UES estimation procedure

Adopt measured savings values from previous EM&V

Input parameters N/A

Model calibration N/A

UES components 1. Vending machine electricity use

Cost $216/vending machine

EUL 13 years

Thank youJames Russell, jrussell@peci.org