Post on 07-Jan-2016
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transcript
East Clarendon High School
11Root:
Definition:
Example:
A-
Without
Abiotic
Nonliving components of the biosphere
Vasquez Rock Formation-made famous by Power Rangers
22Root:
Definition:
Example:
Ab-
Away from
Abduction
A type of movement which draws a limb away from the median plane of the body
Abduction of the leg
33Root:
Definition:
Example:
Sphin-
Squeeze
Sphincter A structure, usually a circular muscle, that constricts to control passage through a bodily canal
Location of two sphincters in the GI tract
44Root:
Definition:
Example:
Thromb-
Clot
Thrombosis
The formation of a blood clot in a vessel obstructing the flow of blood
Deep Vein Thrombosis
55Root:
Definition:
Example:
Gon-
Seed, Offspring
Gonads The organ that produces gametes
Structure of an Ovary
66Root:
Definition:
Example:
Embol-
Wedge
Embolism When an object migrates
from one part of the body and cause a blockage in a vessel elsewhere in the body
Embolism in the Leg
77Root:
Definition:
Example:
Immun-
Protection
Immune SystemA collection of biological
processes that protects an organism from illness
White blood cell engulfing an Anthrax bacterium
88Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Cide
Kill, destroy
PesticideA substance used to kill unwanted pests-insect, mammal, pathogen
DDT being sprayed around people to kill mosquitoes
99Root:
Definition:
Example:
Cervic-
Neck
Cervix
The neck of the uterus; lower narrow portion of the uterus that adjoins the vagina
Female Reproductive Diagram
1100
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Mal-
Bad
Malignant
Severe or worsening disease, commonly used to describe tumors that have the ability to cause death
A Malignant Melanoma-skin cancer
1111
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Crin
Secrete
Endocrine
Body system that secretes extra- cellular chemical signals called hormones
Major Endocrine Glands
1122
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Aden-
Gland
Adenoma
A benign tumor (-oma) of a glandular origin
35lb Ovarian Adenoma
1133
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Macro-
Big,large
Macromolecule
A large molecule build through the polymerization of a monomer
The most important macromolecule-DNA
1144
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Micro-
Small, tiny
Microorganism
An organism that is to small to be seen by the human eye, also called a microbe
Protists Volvox, a colonial algae w/small colonies inside
1155
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Alb-
White
Albino
Characterized by the distinct lack of the pigment melanin
Two Albino Fallow Bucks-UK
1166
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Lact-
Milk
Lactose
The sugar that is most notably found in milk
Silk-Soy Milk is the great tasting alternative for people intolerant to lactose
1177
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Oculo-
Eye
Ocular
Perceived or pertaining to the eyes, or an eyepiece
The Human Eye
1188
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Circum-
Around
Circumference
The distance around the outside of a circle
The circumference around the worlds largest Sequoia is approx. 109 feet
1199
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Plegia-
Paralysis
Paraplegic
The impairment or loss of motor/sensory function in the lower extremities
Some paraplegics compete in sports, not designed for wimps-Murderball
2200
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Thorac-
Chest
Thoracic Cavity
The chamber of the human body that contains the vital organs-lungs and heart
Thoracic Cavity Diagram
2211
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Acoust-
Hearing
Acoustic Nerve
1 of 12 cranial nerves responsible for transmitting sound and equilibrium info to the brain
Auditory Nerve diagram
2222
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Logy-
Study of
Biology
The science of studying living things
Blood sucking assassin bug also known as a “wheel bug”
2233
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Leukos-
White
Leukemia
A cancer of the blood, characterized by a prolific amount of white blood cells
3 yr. old, Maddox, was treated at St. Jude’s for acute myeloid leukemia
2244
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Lympha-
Water
Lymph Node Lymph nodes are found
throughout the body and act as filters or traps for foreign objects
Lymph node map
2255
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Lysis-
Loosen, breakdown
Lysosome A cell organelle filled with digestive enzymes that destroy excess and worn out organelles
Lysosome filled with digestive enzymes
2266
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Intra-
Inside
Intramuscular
Dealing with the inside of the muscle tissue
Intramuscular Injection Diagram
2277
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Inter-
Between
Interstitial Fluid
A solution which baths and surrounds the cells of a multi-celled organism
Process of delivering nutrients to a cell
2288
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Cyst-
Bladder
Cystitis
An inflammation of the urinary bladder
Urinary Bladder
2299
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Gen-
Initiation Agent
Antigen A substance that causes an immune response
How the immune system can respond to antigens
3300
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Super,Supra-
Above
Superior Vena CavaA Large yet short vein
that returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from the upper body
Heart Diagram showing venous structure
3311
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Melan-
Black
Melanoma
A malignant tumor of dark colored, pigment producing cells called melanocytes
ABCD’s of Melanoma Skin Cancer
3322
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Peri-
Around
Pericardium
The double-layered sac that contains the heart
Diagram of the Pericardium
3333
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Rrhea
Flow, discharge
Diarreha The condition of having frequent loose or liquid bowel movements
Water reabsorbtion in the colon
3344
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Rhin-
Nose
Rhinoceros
A larger, highly endangered critter with a “horn” made out of matted hair
Rhino size comparison
3355
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hyster-
Uterus
Hysterectomy
The surgical removal of the uterus
Before and After a Hysterectomy
3366
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hepat-
Liver
Hepatic Artery
A short artery the supplied oxygenated blood to the liver
Vasculature of the Liver
3377
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Rrage
Excessive flow
Hemorrhage Loss of blood from the circulatory system
Subconjuctival hemorrhage
3388
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Myo-
Muscle
Myocardium
The involuntary striated muscle found in the walls of the heart
Normal Heart Cross section
3399
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Polys-
Many
Polymer
A large molecule made of repeating structural units called monomers
DNA is a polymer made up of nucleic acids
4400
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Post-
After
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
One of the four major knee ligaments, keeps your knee from going backwards
PCL role in the knee
4411
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Pseudes-
False
Pseudopodium False Foot/ Temporary
protrusion of the cytoplasm used for locomotion by sarcodine protozoans
Structure of a sarcodine protozoans
4422
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Definition:
Example:
Re-
Again
Reproduce
Biological process by which new organisms are produced
Hoverflies mating in mid-air
4433
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Muta-
Change
Mutagen
A physical or chemical agent the alters the genetic information of an organism
Frog that has been effected by mutagen
4444
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Pre-
Before
Prehistoric
The time before written history- since the beginning of the universe
Comparison of modern with prehistoric man-Neanderthal
4455
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Mast-
Breast
Mastectomy
Surgical removal of one or both of the breasts
Mastectomy diagram
4466
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Arter-
Artery
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of the arteries
Diagram of a normal blood vessel
4477
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Natal-
Birth
Prenatal
The period of gestation for a embryo or fetus, from conception till birth
Human fetus at 30 weeks pregnant
4488
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Al-
Pertaining to
Visceral Pertaining to the viscera, organs of the abdominal cavity
Diagram of the Visceral organs
4499
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Lass-
Torn
Laceration
Irregular tear-like wounds cause by blunt trauma
Hand Laceration
5500
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Meningo-
Membrane
Meningitis
Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, cause by microorganisms
Meninges of the Brain
5511
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Adip-
Fat
Adipose Tissue
Body Fat
Comparison of Adipose to Muscle tissue
5522
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Plasia-
Development
Dysplasia Bad or improper development of tissue
Hip dysplasia in pit bulls-Am. Pit Bull Registry
5533
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Zoo-
Animal
Zoology
The study of the structure, function and behavior of animals
Jeff Corwin is a famous zoologist and tv personality
5544
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Xeros-
Dry
Xerophyte
A plant that is able to survive in a very dry environment
This cactus is a good example of xerophyte
5555
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Phyte
Plant
Halophyte
A plant that grows where it is naturally affected by salinity
Spartina alterniflora ( smooth cordgrass)
5566
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Phile
Loving
Hydrophilic
Water loving
The cell membrane-the outside and inside of the bilayer is hydrophilic
5577
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Zygous-
Joined
Zygote
Fertilized egg, forms from the joining of the nuclei of a sperm and an egg
Formation of a zygote
5588
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hyper-
Over, Higher
Hypertension
Chronic High Blood Pressure, above 140/90
Effects of Hypertension
5599
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Dys-
Difficult
Dysfunctional
Abnormal or impaired functioning
America’s favorite dysfunctional family-the Griffins
6600
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Itis
Inflamation
Tonsillitis
An infection and inflammation of the tonsils
Bacterial Tonsillitis
6611
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Ectomy-
Cut out
Appendectomy
Surgical removal of the appendix
Diagram of the lower GI Tract with appendix
6622
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Gastro-
Stomach
Gastropod
Snails and Slugs,a major group of mollusks, are stomach footed animals
Torsion of the Intestinal tract routes the anus out on top of the head
6633
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Poda
Foot
Cephalopod
Octopi and squid to name a few, a major group of mollusk, are head footed animals, with big eyes
The only live colossal squid ever found
6644
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Cephal-
Head
Cephalization
A natural trend where nervous tissue concentration in one end of the body
Cephalizaition of Plathelminthes-flatworms
6655
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Exo-
Out of
Exocytosis
Process used by cells to excrete cellular products or wastes
Nerve cell secreting dopamine
6666
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Phage-
Eat, Destroy
Macrophage, Phagocyte
Big eaters, white blood cells within tissues are phagocytes that are part of the immune system
Macrophage ingesting bacterial cells
6677
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Flat-
Blow
Flatulence
The expulsion of gas produced during digestion through the rectum
An elephant produces enough gas in a day to propel a car 20 miles
6688
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hypo-
Below
Hypothermia
When the body’s core temperature drops below what is required for normal metabolism
Warming signs of hypothermia
6699
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Ef-
Away
Effluent
Outflowing of water from a natural or man-made structure
Effluent pipe from an India treatment plant
7700
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Emia
Condition of blood
Anemia “Lack of blood”, low red blood cell count
Iron-deficient anemia is the most common
Anemic vs normal blood cell counts
7711
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Tachy-
Fast, Rapid
Tachycardia
Acceleration of the heart beyond normal heart rhythm
Focal tachycardia in left atrium
7722
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Osteo-
Bone
Osteoarthritis
A degenerative joint disease
Osteoarthritis of the knee
7733
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Oma
Tumor
Sarcoma
A cancer of the connective tissue, most present some dermal evidence
Kaposi’s sarcoma
7744
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hydro-
Water
Hydrolysis
The splitting of water molecules in hydrogen and hydroxide ions
Water can also be split electrically
7755
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Inter-
Between
Internode
Part of a plant that creates distance between leaves, flowers and stems
A plant with nodes and internodes labeled
7766
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hema-
Blood
Hematologist
A person who studies blood
Blood of the late Tom Prosser, formation of echinocytes 8hrs after invenomation
7777
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Cost-
Rib
Intercostals
A group of several muscles that run between the ribs
Deep muscles of the chest
7788
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Globin
Protein
Hemoglobin
The iron-containing oxygen transporting protein of the red blood cells
Hemoglobin diagram
7799
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Arth-
Joint
Arthropod
An invertebrate with an exoskeleton and jointed legs
I hate these arthropods
8800
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Geront-
Old
Gerontology
The study of social, psychology and biology of growing old
Old woman looking out the window
8811
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Sub-
Under
Subdural Hematoma
Traumatic brain injury where blood pools in the coverings around the brain
Subdural Hematoma diagram
8822
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Meta-
Changed
Metabolism
The combined effect of all chemical reactions in the body
Metabolic reactants vs products
8833
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Trope
Turn
Heliotropism
A diurnal motion of plant parts toward the direction of the sun
Sunflowers exhibit heliotropic movement
8844
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Therm-
Heat
Endotherm
An organism whose body maintains thermal homeostasis
Weddell seals are marine endotherms
8855
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Terra-
Earth
Terrestrial
Having to do with the land, or the Earth
Western Terrestrial Garter Snake
8866
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Syn-
Together
Synergy
Working together, the whole is greater than the sum of the parts
8877
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Stasis
To Maintain
Homeostasis
To maintain the balance of a biological system
Creation of equilibrium over time
8888
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Sect
Cut, Divide
Dissect
The process of disassembling and observing internal structures
The dissection of a camel
8899
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Troph-
Nourish
Heterotroph
An organism that eats other organism for food
Indian pipe is a myco-heterotrophic plant
9900
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Photo-
Light
Photosynthesis
The process that autotrophs use to make their own food
Global photosynthesis map
9911
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Plateo-
Flat
Plateau
A high plain or tableland
Plateau photograph-ain’t it pretty
9922
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Para-
Beside
Parasite
Symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits and one is harmed
Mouth of a parasitic hookworm
9933
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Pan-
All
Pangea
All Land, the super-continent that existed 250 MYA
This Dinosaur lived on pangea, he says “Not the mama!!!!”
9944
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Paleo-
Ancient
Paleontology
The study of prehistoric life
This dinosaur skeleton makes a great Museum specimen
9955
Root:
Definition:
Example:
-Scope
Look
Telescope
An instrument designed to observe remote objects, used since the 1600’s
The Hubble space telescope
9966
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Omni-
All
Omnivore
Organisms that eat both plant and animals for food
Goats are well known for eating just about anything
9977
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Necro-
Dead
Necrosis
Premature death of cells and living tissue
Necrotic leg wound from Brown Recluse Spider
9988
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Morph-
Form
Polymorphism
When two or more clearly different color forms exist in a population
Color variations of Claytonia flowers
9999
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Luna-
Moon
Lunar Cycle
Refers to the appearance of the illuminated portion of the moon, relative to the Earth
Lunar Cycle
100100Root:
Definition:
Example:
Iso-
Equal
Isotonic
Has equal portion of solute to solution -in reference to another solution
The importance of isotonic solution and the blood
101011
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hemi-
Half
Hemipenis
One of a pair male sexual organs found in snakes and lizards
Hemipenes of Crotalus adamateus
101022
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Homo-
Alike, Same
Homozygous
When both copies (maternal and paternal) of a gene are alike
This stud is homozygous for all the right things-including standing funny
101033
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Hetero-
Different
Heterozygous
When both copies (maternal and paternal) of a gene are different
When crossed, heterozygous individuals can produce a variety of offspring
101044
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Herbi-
Grass/Plant
Herbaceous
A plant whose leaves and stems die down at the end of the growing season
A border of herbaceous plants-PRETTY
101055
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Halo-
Salt
Halophile
Organisms that thrive in very high concentrations of salt-Salt Loving
Halophilic bacteria cause the red pigment seen here in the Great Salt Lake, waterflow is restricted by a railroad crossing, making one end hypersaline
106106Root:
Definition:
Example:
Genesis-
Creation of
Biogenesis
The creation of lifeforms from other lifeforms
Spontaneous Generation
Luis Pasteur proved the idea of biogenesis-Finally
107107Root:
Definition:
Example:
Folia-
Leaf
Foliage
Fall foliage in deciduous forests are triggered by temperature and light intensity changes
In this leaf, the fall colors are being exposed
108108Root:
Definition:
Example:
Eco-
House
Ecosystem
A natural unit consisting of all plants and animals in an area, along with abiotic factors
An aquatic ecosystem
109109Root:
Definition:
Example:
De-
Remove
Decompose
The process by which dead organisms are broken down into simpler forms of matter
Mushrooms growing on compost
111100
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Con-
Together
Convergent Evo.
The process by which unrelated organisms develop similar characteristics, in similar ecosystems
In similar yet distance environments, these organisms developed similar traits
111111
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Thulakos-
Pouch
Thylakoid
Pouches located inside chloroplast that are filled with chlorophyll
Structure of a Chloroplast
112112Root:
Definition:
Example:
Chloros-
Green
Chlorophyll
Green Pigment in plants and algae, absorbs light energy and stores it for photosynthesis
Absorption Spectra of Chlorophyll
111133
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Centi-
Hundred
Centimeter
1/100 of a meter
Old School Carpenter’s Rule
111144
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Cav-
Hollow
Cavity
A hole or structural damage to a tooth
Anatomy of a tooth
111155
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Carn-
Flesh/Meat
Carnivore
Organisms that eat only meat
Tiger eating a piece of yummy meat
111166
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Boreal-
Northern
Boreal Forest
Also known as the Taiga biome, it is characterized by northern latitude coniferous forests
Map of the North American boreal forests
111177
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Ad-
Next To
Adhesion
The tendency of dissimilar things to stick together due to an attractive force
Dew drops adhering to a spider web
111188
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Amphi-
Both Sides
Amphibian
Organisms whose live cycle can include both a terrestrial as well as an aquatic form
Dr. Brady Barr holding a giant salamander
111199
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Aeros-
Air
AerosolCommonly used as a propellant in aerosols, CFC’s or chlorofluorocarbons, have been phased out by the Montreal Protocol
CFC’s affect on ozone (O3) molecules
121200
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Aqua-
Water
Aquatic Relating to water, living in or near water, the aquatic biomes are separated into the marine and freshwater regions
An estuary mouth and coastal waters are part of the aquatic biome
121211
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Auto-
Self
AutotrophAn organism that produces produce complex organic compounds from simple inorganic ones, using an outside energy source
A hydrothermal vent community at the bottom of the ocean- based off of chemosynthetic bacteria that are autotrophs
121222
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Gyn-
Woman
Gynecology
Medical practice dealing with the health of the woman’s reproductive system
Most gynecologist are also obstetricians hence OB/GYN
121233
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Haplo-
Single
Haploid
Cells produced by the process of meiosis that have only one set of chromosomes as opposed to two
Haploid Life Cycle of a green algae
124124Root:
Definition:
Example:
Dors-
Back
Dorsal Fin
A fin located on the back of an animal
Dorsal fin markings on dolphins are used to identify individuals in a pod
121255
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Dent-
Tooth
DentistryIs the study of the evaluation, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of oral conditions
The average salary of dentist is about $106 K
121266
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Cyte-
Cell
Monocyte
A type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system.
Monocyte under a light microscope(40x) surrounded by red blood cells
121277
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Vora-
To Devour
Herbivore Leaf Miners feed on leaf tissue between epidermis layers leaving trails
Trails left by Leaf Miners
121288
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Andro-
Male
Androgen
Any natural or synthetic steroid hormone used to enhance or create masculine characteristics
Harmful effects of anabolic steroids
121299
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Artios-
Even
Artiodactyla
An order of even-toed ungulate mammals
Okapi ( Okapia johnstoni) a close relative of the giraffe
131300
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Askos-
Bag
Ascus
A sexual spore bearing sac found on certain fungi
Asci of Morchella elata , the black morel mushroom which contains spores
131311
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Chroma-
Colored
ChromatophorePigment containing and
light reflecting cells found on various species of animals
The amazing cuttlefish, can change its color instantly by using its chromatophores
131322
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Circa-
Around
Circadian Rhythm
Biological Clock, a 24 hr cycle of bodily processes that center around the days
The Human Clock
131333
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Dendro-
Tree
Dendrite
Nonliving components of the biosphere
Vasquez Rock Formation-made famous by Power Rangers
131344
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Dia-
Apart
Diastolic
Nonliving components of the biosphere
Vasquez Rock Formation-made famous by Power Rangers
135135Root:
Definition:
Example:
Derma-
Skin
Epidermis
Nonliving components of the biosphere
Vasquez Rock Formation-made famous by Power Rangers
131366
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Dormire-
Sleep
Dormancy
Nonliving components of the biosphere
Vasquez Rock Formation-made famous by Power Rangers
131377
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Echinos-
Membrane
Meningitis
Nonliving components of the biosphere
Vasquez Rock Formation-made famous by Power Rangers
131388
Root:
Definition:
Example:
Meningo-
Membrane
Meningitis
Nonliving components of the biosphere
Vasquez Rock Formation-made famous by Power Rangers