Post on 12-Aug-2020
transcript
LIVING THINGS AND DIGESTION
THE DIGESTIVE SySTEm
L.O. To describe the simple functions of the basic parts of
the digestive system in humans.
The Digestive SystemHow do we get from this…
…to this?
The Digestive System
The Digestive System zoomed inoesophagus (gullet, or food pipe)
stomachsmall intestine
large intestine
anusEach part of the digestive system has a different job to do:
colon
pancreas
The MouthThe mouth contains teeth.
These chew the food and break it into smaller pieces.
At the same time the saliva glands, at the back of the mouth and under the tongue,
produce saliva to help begin breaking down the food and make it easier to
swallow. (Try putting some bread in your mouth and chewing gently. After it tastes
sweet because things in your saliva are breaking it down already)
The tongue pushes food to the back of the mouth so you can swallow it.
The Oesophagus
The oesophagus, or food pipe, joins the mouth and the stomach.
Food is squeezed along this tube into the stomach by two
different sets of muscles.
The Stomach
The stomach is a bag of acid.
The acid in the stomach, and special chemicals called
enzymes break down the food even more.
Also the stomach walls contract (pull in) to
physically break the food down too.
The Liver
The liver produces bile which helps to absorb fats.
Bile is sent to the gallbladder to be stored.
The pancreas produces enzymes to break down fats, proteins and carbohydrates.
It releases them into the duodenum.
The Pancreas and Gallbladder
The gallbladder releases bile into the duodenum when
needed.
The Small Intestine At the very beginning of the small intestine is the duodenum where food is broken down by bile from the gallbladder and enzymes from the pancreas.
The small intestine is 6-7 metres long.
In the small intestine, the broken down food gets absorbed (taken into) into the blood so the
body can use it.
The walls of the small intestine are covered in tiny sticky out
bits called villi that help this to happen quickly.
The Large Intestine and Colon
The large intestine is about 1.5 metres long.
In the large intestine, the body absorbs a lot of water back from the
digested food.
The colon stores waste ready to be excreted
(leave the body).
Large Intestine
Colon
The Anus
At the end of the digestive system, the left over stuff that
the body can not use is excreted (leaves the
body) through the anus when you go to the
toilet.
(Optional) For more information you can look at the information sheet: Science - Task 3 (Optional) - Human Digestive System Information
Click on the link below and practise putting the digestive system together independently. https://www.sheppardsoftware.com/health/anatomy/digestion/digestion_game_2.htm
Tasks:• Label and explain the different parts involved in digesting food.
See: Science - Task 3 – Digestive System Task - Word Document• Extension: Complete the word search. See: Science - Task 3 –
Digestive System Extension Task - Word Document.