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Metal detectors coil and search head design- Patents and Utility Models
Part 1
Beginning this historical review for
this how metal detectors searchcoils and search heads designs
are being developed year in,
year out, I understood that it is
almost impossible not only to be
included all Patents and Utility
Models in this abstract, but it is
also almost impossible to be
found everything which have
ever been published in the Patent
Offices in the World reach back
!o I understood that the difficulty
comes not only from the different
denominations of this unalterable
part of metaldetectors called ina different way by inventors and
producers " #coil$,#head$,
$antenna$,$sensor$,$loop$ "
but from that information about
their techni%ue characteristics,
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But, as 3arl Moreland mentiones in his article #3oil basics$ for
one of the kinds of search coils " #<hough overlap coils
probably date back to the earliest e4periments involving induction
5 /6127s8, and were definitely in use in the early 92th
century$
&lso we should not forget that
&le4ander -raham Bell had
been e4perimenting with the
design of metal detector based
on a device to correct the
interference of induction on atelephone lineBell began to
construct a metal detector
based on an induction balance
invented by his friend :avid
;ughes
;ughes designed and built
the Induction Balance,a
device whose principle led
to the development of themine detector It was a loose
connection in this device that
led him to investigate what
became known as radio waves
)owards the end of /6<0 Dra!ings "y A.#.$ell% 2& '(ne%)**)
;ughes noticed that loose
connections in his induction
balance made them sub=ect to *sudden electrical impulses,
whether given out to the atmosphere through the e4tra current
from a coil or from a frictional machine*
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In /662 he demonstrated the e%uipment to members of the .oyal
!ociety(
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)hese men, although prominent in various scientific fields, did
not give it much importance -eorge !tokes dismissed it as simply
caused by induction ;ughes, somewhat disappointed, continuedto e4periment on the idea privately ;e did not publish his
research
!o, bit by bit the information
increased more and more and
I decided to stop here and
periodically fill this review in
with other published Patentsand Utility Models for metal
detectors search coils from
my archive and may be in the
future with short summaries
of the novelties and of the patent )he mine detector !3.">9?, used by
claims of their creators &nd the U! &rmy,/0@@
why not with photos of productscreated under this patents and
sold on the marketA
It would be pleasure for me if the people interested in this sub=ect,
independently from which part of the world they come from,
having information for published but not so well"known patents
and utility models, share it to enrich together this chronology
$y+,.#eorgieva
-ersion ).0 '(ne%2007
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● 1930 – Dr.Richard Ambronn – Patent 494831
-er/ahren z(r eletrischen $odener/orsch(ng 1ittels de1 Unter
gr(nd ind(tiv z(ge/hrter 3echselstr41e (nd A(s1ess(ng des
elliptisch polarisierten 1agnetischen 5eldes d(rch 6(chsp(len.
erfahren +ur elektrischen Bodenerforschung mittels dem Untergrund induktiv +ugefChrter
WechselstrDme und &usmessung des elliptisch polarisierten magnetischen 'eldes durch !uchspulen
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1936 - Chare! "edden - Patent #$ 2129058
Trans/or1er /or a 1etal locator
Ob=ect of the invention resides in providing an improved metal locator of an electrical nature in
which the act of detection and location is controlled with great sensitivity by the use of balanced
induction coils
pen /(ll do(1ent+
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)he present invention relates to mine detectors and particularly to a novel search head and
method of manifacturing the same& typical search head of the type under consideration
comprises a #transmit$ and two #receive$ coils
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1969 - Robert Penand – Patent #$ 3549985
Metal detecting device having a disshaped head /or ho(sing a coil
syste1
An electronic detector device construction which comprises a molded head for coil housing having groovesmolded therein to receive electronic coils and having a hardered gel coating on the surface...
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 19*2 - %iiam +ahan - Patent #$ 3*53185
Metal detecting search coil
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)he search coil is an induction coil enclosed within an annular chamber formed from a plastic
housing having the form of a spoked wheel for e4ample,and which is formed from two mating
housing halves)he coil is made up of a number of turns of insulated wire wherein the insulation
material
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 19*3 - $herman Ander!on – Patent #$ 3823365
Metal detecting apparat(s haved i1proved gro(nde//ect i11(nity
& B'O metal detector includes a support for carrying a search coil and plural compensating
coils which prevent ground effects from changing the beat fre%uency output)he search coil forms
part of a tuned circuit
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 19*4 – Aden +cDanie -Patent #$ 38823*4
Trans1iting,eceiving coil con/ig(ration
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& transmitting coil is located in the same plane as two receiving coils one of which is of greater
diameter than the receiving coil and the other of which is of smaller diameter
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 19*4 - Robert )ardiner – Patent #$ 38*2380
Metal detector disting(ishing "et!een di//erent 1etals "y (sing a "ias
circ(it act(ated "y the phase shi/ts "y the 1etals
& metal detector is described utili+ing a transmitting and receiving coil for detecting the presence
of metal ob=ects positioned in the field of the coils
pen /(ll do(1ent+
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● 19*9 – ,riedric hom'!on - Patent #$ 4255*11
Coil arrange1ent /or search head o/ a 1etal detector
& unitary balanced"inductor system for use in the search head of an electronic metal
detector,having a transmit coil, a smaller, preferably concentric cancel coil of opposite polarity, and a yet smaller receive coil
pen /(ll doc(1ent+
● 19*9 - Caro! Ri/ero! – Patent #$ 42*6484
Method and apparat(s /or controlling c(rrent in ind(ctive loads
s(ch as a large dia1eter coils
& method and apparatus for controlling electric current in loads that are essentially
inductive
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 19*9 – Do(ga! ohn!on – %hite! eectronic! nc.– Patent - #$ 4293816
$alanced search loop /or 1etal detector
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& search loop for a metal detector is described having a magnetic flu4 feedback coil whose
magnetic flu4 opposes that of the transpit coil to provide a balanced loop
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1980 – Pa( %i!on – Patent #$ 4345208
Anti/alsing and zero n(lling search head /or a 1etal detector
& metal detector search head which includes a transmitter wire coil and a receiver wire coil
each having first and second coil sections )he first coil sections of the receiver and
transmitter coils lie in substantially the same plane with the second coil sections thereof
being parallel
pen /(ll do(1ent+
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● 1984 – a(! binger – #tiit +ode )8336122.*
6(chsp(lenanordn(ng
:ie rfindung betrifft eine !uchspuleanordnung fCr einen Metalldetektor mit einem ringfDrmigen
-ehEuse mit einer umlaufenden Fut +ur &ufnahme der !pule, mit einem von aussen an das -ehEuse
angeset+ten und mit diesem verbundenen 'lansch +um elektrischen und mechanischen &nschluss
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1985 – Andre inard - Patent #$ 4552134
89(ip1ent /or deter1ining the position o/ a 1etal "ody in a 1edi(1
!ith lo! electric cond(ctivity
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)he e%uipment comprises a support,a radiating self"induction coil mounted on the support and two
receiving self"induction coils mounted on the support
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1985 – r(ce err - Patent #$ 4659989
:nd(ctively "alanced 1etal detector circ(it !ith orthogonal "alancing
signals and incl(ding phase and polarity detection
Metal detection apparatus includes an oscillator coil driven by an oscillator , which inducesin detector coils e%ual and opposite M's such that a nominally +ero output is produced at
terminals :
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 198* – r(ce Cand - Patent #$ 4890064
Metal detector sensing head !ith red(ced eddy c(rrent coils
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& sensing head for a metal detector including means for magnetic transmission and
detection of a retransmitted signal from a target by means of at least one coil, the head
being characteri+ed in that at least some of the conductor material
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 198* – a(! binger - Patent P 0249110
6earchcoil /or 1etal detector
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in als :ifferen+messer arbeitendes MetallsuchgerEt enthElt als wesentliche lemente einen
Os+ilator, eine an diesen angeschlossene !enderspule,mindestens +wei mpfEngerspulen
pen /(ll do(1ent in #er1an+
● 1988 – n/entor! 7rom %hite! ectronic! - Patent #$ 4862316
6tatic charge dissipating ho(sing /or 1etal detector search loop
asse1"ly
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& housing for the magnetic induction coils of the search loop assembly of a metal detector is
constructed of plastic resin reinforced with non"metallic electrically conductive graphite fibers, and
is connected to ground potential of the main electronics package of the metal detector so that the
housing acts as a static"draining shield for the search loop assembly
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1988 – aon )mb" – #tiit +ode )8811496.1
Metalls(chger;t 1it einer Detetorsonde
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MetallsuchgerEte dieser -attung sind mit einem !tromer+euger verbunden und er+eugen mittels
ihrer im !ondengehEuse einliegenden 'eld" und mpfangspulen ein elektromagnetisches
Wechselfeld, wobei ein magnetisches Ortungssignal
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1990 – ohn $(tton - Patent #$ 5311198
Active antenna
&n antenna,which may be a search coil,is connected to an operational amplifier circuit which
provides negative impedances,each of which is in the order og magnitude of the positive
impedances which characteri+e the antenna
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1990 - n/entor! 7rom R(!!ia - #$ 5038106
Detector o/ 1etalli/ero(s o"<ects having t!o pairs o/ receiving loops sy11etrical and orthogonal to a driving loop
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)he detector of metalliferous ob=ects comptising an electrically coupled to an altenating voltage
generator driving loop,rigidly fitted to two pairs of receivingloops,positioned at opposite sides of
the driving loop,coa4ial and parallel to one another
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1992 – n!tit(t Dr.,riedrich ,or!ter – #$ 524530*
6earch coil asse1"ly /or electrically cond(ctive o"<ect detection
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& search coil assembly for an inductive search device of the transmitterGreceiver type is described
having advantages relative to manufacture, repeat accuracy and sensitivity in operation
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1993 - a(! binger – #tiit +ode ) 9300*88.4
,ing/4r1ige 6onde /r ein Metalls(chger;t
.ingfDrmige !onde fCr ein MetallsuchgerEt, mit einer ;auptspule und mindestens +wei Febenspulen,mit einem .ingkDrper,der die ;auptspule aufnimmt
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1994 – aon )mb" – Patent P 06546851
8inricht(ngen (nd -er/ahren z(1 8rennen von Metallgegenst;nden
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:ie vorliegende rfindung betrifft einen gepulsten Metalldetektor mit einer !onde fCr ein
MetallsuchgerEt mit mindestens einer !ende"und mpfangsspule und einer dafCr geeigneten
elektronischen
pen /(ll do(1ent+
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● 1995 – n!tit(t Dr.,riedrich ,or!ter – Patent D 441*931
6chalt(ngasanordn(ng z(r 3ahrneh1(ng (nd rt(ng von
Metallgegenst;nden
:ie rfindung betrifft eine !chaltungsanordnung +ur Wahrnehmung und Ortung von
MetallgegenstEnden, die sich in grDsserer )iefe unter dem rdboden oder an sonstigen der
unmittelbaren Beobachtung un+ugEanglichen !tellen befinden
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1996 – a(! binger -Patent P 0*64856
6onde /r ein Metalls(chger;t
6ensor /or a 1etal detector
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:ie rfindung betrifft eine !onde fCr ein MetallsuchgerEt mit einem ringfDrmigen
!ondenkDrper,welcher erbindunsstege lEngs seiner Mittel" undHuerachse aufweist und
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1996 – n!tit(t Dr.,riedrich ,or!ter – D 4423661 A1
6(chsp(lenanordn(ng
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Bei einer !uchspulen &nordnung fCr ein inductives !uchgerEt mit mindestens
einer,erfordenlichenfalls mit mehreren +u lateral ausgehenden 'eldern kombinierbaren
!endespulen +ur r+eugung eines verEnderlichen Magnetfeldes
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 1998 – n!tit(t Dr.,riedrich ,or!ter – D 19648833A1
-er/ahren (nd -orricht(ng z(r =oalisier(ng (nd :denti/izier(ng
von i1 $oden verstecten 6(cho"<eten% ins"esondere Plasti1inen
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● 2002 – +(!ta7a #man - Patent D 1015***0 C1
Metalls(chger;t
:ie rfindung betrifft ein MetallsuchgerEt mit +u mindest einer )reibeschaltung,+u mindest einer
+wei Eussere &nschlCsse aufweisenden !endewicklung und +umindest einer +wei Eusser
pen /(ll do(1ent+
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& pulse inductive metal detector that includes a variable resistor for controlling coil characteristics
for both transmitter and receiver modes of operation & coil coupled with an electronic switch is
charged with current from the power source in a transmitter mode
pen /(ll do(1ent+
● 2004 – r(ce Cand – Patent #$ 6690169
:nter/erence cancelling 1etal detector incl(ding electronic
selection o/ e//ective sensing coil arrange1ent
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Metal detection apparatus cotaining at least two inductive coils one of which acts as a transmit coil
and all of which act as receive coils and processing circuity wherein a proportion of the first
receive electronic signal and a proportion of the second receive electronic signal may be selected
to produce various first resultant linear combination signals for the purpose of improved
interference cancelling
pen /(ll do(1ent+
,e/erences+
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