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Second Generation Mobile Systems :An Overview
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Pre-Requisites:
TE-441 Mobile & Satellite Communication
TE-311 Communication SystemsDigital Communications Principles, Cellular Network
Basics, Global System for Mobile communication,
Data Communication, TCP/IP and OSI Layered
Models and Routing and Switching techniques.
General Information [2]
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Teaching Faculty: Muhammad Abdul Aleem
Email Address: aaleem@pafkiet.edu.pk
aleemkiet@yahoo.com
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General Information [3]
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Text Book:
YI-BING LIN and IMRICH CHLAMTAC, Wireless and Mobile Network
Architectures, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 9971-51-366-8
HARRY HOLMA and ANTTI TOSKALA, WCDMA for UMTS Radio Access for
Third Generation Mobile Communications, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons,
ISBN 0-470-87096-6
Reference Books:
CHARLES PERKINS, Mobile IP, Design Principles and Practises, Addison-
Wesley, 1998
HAMID GHAVAMI, Ultra Wideband Communication, John Wiley & Sons, 2004
Web Resources:
3GPP standardization documents: http://www.3gpp.org/specs/numbering.htm
General Information [4]
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Course Objectives:
Part I of the course deals with system and application aspects of 2.5G(GPRS&EDGE) and third generation cellular mobile system (UMTS).
Part II is concerned with the more latest, advanced and robust wireless
solutions like HSDPA, WiMAX, WLAN, Mobile IP, Ultra Wide Band
communications.
General Information [5]
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Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the course students should
understand basic elements of a mobile network;
understand operation of 2.5G cellular mobile systems;
have familiarity with third generation systems;
be able to understand the techniques used in fourth generation systems;
be able to plan and optimise cellular networks;
have an awareness of services and applications.
General Information [6]
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Breakdown of Assessment
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No. Description Mark Distribution (%)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Final Exam
Hourly Tests (Best of Two)
Theoretical Assignments (Min. Four)
Term Paper (Individual)
Quizzes (Min. Four)
GSS/Class Participation
40
30
08
10
08
04
TOTAL 100%
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Class Policies
Policy on Using Personal Communications Devices
Mobile phones are to remain OFF during the class hours.
Policy on Class Absences
A student shall be DROPPED from a course anyway if the number of
absences exceeds six.
Policy on Assignments/Project
NO assignments/projects will be accepted after the due date.
ZERO TOLERANCEagainst plagiarism.
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Term Paper
Date Assigned : Week beginning
Proposal Submission : 1Week after assigned date
Paper Submission : 2nd lastWeek
Seminar/Presentation : LastWeek ending
Total Duration : 10 weeks
Marks Distribution :
Summary (2 weeks) : 02Abstract (1 week) : 02
Final Submission : 06
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Cellular Radio [1]
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Cellular Radio [2]
Single Cell Vs Multiple Cell
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Cellular Radio [3]
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Estimation of Traffic
Grade of Service???
Cellular Radio [4]
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Cellular Radio [5]
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Cellular Radio [6]
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Cellular Radio [7]
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Sectorization:
Cellular Radio [8]
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Cell Splitting
Cellular Radio [9]
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Assignment
In time, more customers use the system, traffic may build up
so that there are not enough frequencies assigned to a cell tohandle its calls. Discuss the different approaches used to
cope with this situation.
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Near and Far Interference
Cellular Radio [10]
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Multiple Access Techniques
1. FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (FDMA)
2. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
3. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
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GSM [1]
BTS
MS
Um
BTS
BTSBSC
Base Station Subsystem (BSS)
A-bis
A
BTS: Base Transceiver StationBSC: Base Station ControllerHLR: Home Location Register
VLR: Visited Location RegisterOMC: Operation & Maintenance Centre
EIR: Equipment Identity Register AUC: Authentication Centre
HLREIR VLR OMC
AUC
F
H G
BC
other MSCs
E
PSTNISDNCSPDNPSPDN
other VLRs
other BSSs
D
MobileServicesSwitchingCentre(MSC)
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Logical Control Channels
Downlink Uplink
Broadcast Control Channels
Frequency Correction - FCCH
Synchronization SCH
Broadcast - BCCH-
Common Control Channels
Access Grant - AGCH
Paging - PCH
Common Control Channels
Random Access - RACH
Dedicated Control Channels
Stand alone Dedicated - SDCCH
Slow Associated SACCH
Fast Associated - FACCH
GSM [2]
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GSM [3]
0 54321 76
SACCHTC0 TC13TC12TC11TC10TC1 TC23 Idle
120ms
One full-rate channel (multiframe)
1 TDMA frame = 8 timeslots (4.615 ms)
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Handover:
I. HardHandover
II. MAHO
III. Intra BBS HO
IV. Inter BSS HO
V. Inter MSC
GSM [4]
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GSM Network Protocol Architecture
MS BTS MSCBSC
Um Interface A-bis interface A interface
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
CM
MM
RR
RR
MM
CM
RR
LAPDm LAPDm LAPD LAPD
physical
layer
physical
layer
physical
layerphysical
layer
BTSMBTSM
BSSAPBSSAP
SCCP SCCP
MPT MTP
GSM [5]
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Important Terms
MSISDN
IMSI
MSRN
GSM [6]
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HLR
MSRNGMSC MSC / VLR
Incoming Call
MSISDN
(1) MSISDN(2) IMSI
(4) MSRN (3) MSRN
An example of a call routing (to route an incoming call towards serving MSC)
MSISDN Mobile Station ISDN Number
IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
MSRN Mobile Station Roaming Number
GSM [7]
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