Section 1: Natural Environments

Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: The Region Today

CHAPTER 23

East Africa

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

Question:What landforms, rivers and lakes are found in East Africa?

SECTION 1

Natural Environments

LakesLakes• Lake Malawi (tectonic)• Lake Tanganyika (tectonic)• Lake Victoria (depression on plateau)• Lake Albert (depression on plateau)• Lake Turkana (tectonic)

RiversRivers• Blue Nile (flows from

Ethiopian highlands)• White Nile (flows from Lake

Victoria)• Nile (combined flows of Blue

and White Nile)

LandformsLandforms• Great Rift Valley (tectonic)• Kilimanjaro (volcanic)• Ethiopian highlands

(volcanic)• Sudd (water from White

Nile)

What physical process created the rift valleys of East Africa?

• Tectonic processes caused the land to lift and crack

rift valley elongated depression, trough, or rift valley elongated depression, trough, or graben in the earth's crust, bounded on both graben in the earth's crust, bounded on both sides by normal faults and occurring on the sides by normal faults and occurring on the continents or under the oceans.continents or under the oceans.

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Question:Who are the important peoples in East Africa’s early history?

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Early History of East Africa

• no written histories

• oral tradition

Earliest Peoples

• controlled much of the Nile

• capital at Meroë, world’s largest cluster of pyramids

Kush

• conquered the Kush

• controlled western Arabia

• adopted Christianity

Aksum

• sailed along coast, established ports for trade

• Swahili developed from trade

Arabs

Kingdom of Kush

• controlled much of the Nile

• capital at Meroë, world’s largest cluster of pyramids

Aksum kingdom

• conquered the Kush• • controlled western

Arabia• adopted Christianity

Arabs Conquered• Arabs sailed along

coast, established ports for trade

• Swahili developed from trade

• Cash crops start being cultivated and sold at these ports.

• Ex: coffee, cotton and sisal (strong durable plant-used to make rope)

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Early History of East Africa

• no written histories

• oral tradition

Earliest Peoples

• controlled much of the Nile

• capital at Meroë, world’s largest cluster of pyramids

Kush

• conquered the Kush

• controlled western Arabia

• adopted Christianity

Aksum

• sailed along coast, established ports for trade

• Swahili developed from trade

Arabs

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Question:What are the region’s largest cities?

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

• Headquarters of regional organizations

Nairobi, KenyaRegion’s most important commercial center

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

vital seaport, transportation hub

Khartoum and Omdurman, Sudanlargest cities in Sudan, face each other across Nile

SECTION 3

The Region Today

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Nairobi, Kenya

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

largest city and capital of Ethiopia, headquarters of regional organizations

region’s most important commercial center

vital seaport, transportation hub

City Description

Khartoum and Omdurman, Sudan

largest cities in Sudan, face each other across Nile

1. How does elevation affect climate in East Africa? Higher elevation will allow for cool, humid air.2. What are two ways that Arab traders influenced

East African languages and religion?Arab traders traded along the ports and the African language

Swahili grammar came about. The Swahili language is a mix of African and Arabic languages. Islam was spread throughout the region

1. How does elevation affect climate in East Africa? Higher elevation will allow for cool, humid air.2. What are two ways that Arab traders influenced

East African languages and religion?Arab traders traded along the ports and the African language

Swahili grammar came about. The Swahili language is a mix of African and Arabic languages. Islam was spread throughout the region

CHAPTER 23

Chapter Wrap-Up

Turn to pg 522-525 in your book to answer question 3-5.

• 3. How have other cultures changed the traditional religions and diet of East Africa

• 4. What activities form the basis of the region’s economy?

• 5. Why does tourism hold great economic potential