1September 1999

Safety Audit

What is a safety audit? A safety audit is an examination or

inspection of a planned project or an existing road from a traffic safety point of view.

2September 1999

Safety Audit

When can a safety audit be carried out? A safety audit can be carried out at

different stages - on planned projects (during preliminary design phase or detailed design phase) or on existing roads.

3September 1999

Safety Audit

Where (on what kind of project) can a safety audit be carried out? A safety audit can be carried out on

most kinds of existing or future roads or traffic projects.

4September 1999

Safety Audit

How is a safety audit carried out? A road safety audit is a formal

examination in which an independent, qualified examiner (or a group of examiners), reports on the project’s or the road’s accident potential and safety performance.

5September 1999

Safety Audit

Planned Projects Existing Roads1. Preliminary Design

2. Final Design

3. Function and Standard

4. Road Work Operations

6September 1999

Safety Audit

Planned Projects –Preliminary Design

No Item Example of elements to reviewGeneral Project Data

1 Project Layout Road functionEffects on other roadsTraffic separation

2 Basic Design Criteria Design SpeedDesign Capacity

7September 1999

Safety Audit

No Item Example of elements to reviewGeometric Design

3 Alignment Horizontal and vertical alignmentAlignment consistency

4 Cross Section Roadway widthCapacity

5 Intersections Need and frequencyLocation

6 Interchanges Need and frequencyLocation

7 Road Side facilities RequirementLocation

8 Facilities for pedestriansand other road users

RequirementLocation

8September 1999

Safety AuditPlanned Projects – Final Design

No Item Example of elements to reviewGeometric Design

1 Alignment Sight distanceHorizontal and vertical alignment

2 Cross section RoadwayMediansRoad side areas

3 Intersections Geometric design4 Interchanges Geometric design5 Road Side Facilities Location

AccessDesign

9September 1999

Safety Audit

No Item Example of elements to reviewRoad Equipment

6 Facilities for pedestriansand other road users

LocationDesign

7 Guard Rails RequirementLocationDesign

8 Signs RequirementDirectional signing systemPositioning and visibility

9 Markings RequirementPositioning and visibility

10 Lighting RequirementConflicts with other road equipment

10September 1999

Safety AuditExisting Roads - Function and Standard

No Item Example of elements to review1 Roadways Pavement

Drainage2 Road Side Areas Width and slope

ObstaclesVegetation

3 Interchanges Geometric designSigns and markingsTraffic safety device

4 Intersections Geometric designSigns and markingsTraffic safety deviceFacilities for other road users

5 Road Side Facilities LocationAccessDesign

11September 1999

Safety AuditNo Item Example of elements to review6 Facilities for pedestrians

and other road usersLocationAccessDesign

7 Guard Rails RequirementsLocationStandard

8 Signs Requirement and amountSystem consistencyDirectional signing systemPositioning and visibilityStandard

9 Markings Requirement and amountSystem consistencyPositioning and visibilityStandard

10 Traffic Signals Positioning and visibilityStandard and function

11 Lighting Standard and function

12September 1999

Safety Audit

Road Work Operations

No Item Example of elements to review1 Planning Traffic control plan

Construction methods2 Information Signs, advertisements3 Connections to

adjoining roadsLocationAlignment and widthPavement and drainage

4 TemporaryRoads/Lanes

Alignment and widthPavement and drainage

5 Road Side Areas WidthSurfaceObstacles

13September 1999

Safety Audit

No Item Example of elements to review6 Temporary Signs and

MarkingsNeeds and amountSystem consistencyPositioning

7 Temporary SafetyMeasures

GuardrailsHumps and Rumble strips

8 Road EquipmentStandard

PostsReflection capability

9 Workers SafetyMeasures

Safety BarriersProtection Zones

10 Work Site AccessParking and storage areas

14September 1999

Safety Audit

Planned project - Preliminary design Text

General informationPlanning conditionsDesign criteria

DrawingsHorizontal and vertical alignmentsLocation and type of intersections

15September 1999

Safety Audit

Planned project - Final design Drawings

Horizontal and vertical alignmentsCross sectionsIntersection designRoad side facilitiesFacilities for pedestrians and other road

usersRoad equipmentTraffic controlRoad lightning

16September 1999

Safety AuditPlanned project - Checklist example

17September 1999

Safety Audit

Planned project - example of worksheetRoad Traffic Safety Audit of Planned Project

Ankara/Esenboða Ayr - Akyurt

Alignment Standard Intersectýons

Vertical Alignment Horizontal Alignment Design Speed Rýght LeftKm Radius Length Center Tangent Tangent Center Radius Length Vertical Horizontal Km Major Mýnor Mýnor Major

Slope Sight Comfort Sight Gap Gap0.000 0.000 K- 10.060 0,44 0.060 0.190 0.190 0.203 Sag 0.203 350 285 700.250 -10088 120 0.250 120 1200.310 0.310 0.340 0.340 0.345 1,12 0.345

0.390 Crest 0.390 0.450 27360 120 0.450 120 1200.510 0.510

0,87 0.540 0.200 0.580 0.580 0.620 0.080 0.778 0.778 500 397 90 0.680 0.680 0.820 Sag 0.820 0.890 -2026 140 0.890 <70 1000.960 0.960 0.976 0.976 0.960 0.340

4,811.120 Crest 1.120 1.200 2060 160 1.200 <70 901.280 1.280 1.280 0.320

0,381.963 1.963 1.800 K- 2 0.520 1.120 2.112 2.112 900 298 1102.261 2.261

2.310 K- 3 0.510 2.353 2.353 2.410 Sag 2.410 2.470 -11937 120 2.470 120 1202.527 2.527 600 285 1002.530 2.530 2.701 0,95 2.701

3.030 K- 4 0.720 3.400 Crest 3.400 3.500 14883 200 3.500 100 1203.600 3.600

0,19

18September 1999

Safety Audit

Existing road - example of worksheetAppendix: Safety auditing (Field investigation of safety risks)Pilot Project, Road 140, CSN 06, km 11-25.

Kilo-meter

Distance(m)

Type ofhazard

Comments Proposal of short term countermeasures

11 0 Start of safety audit11 160 11 Entrance to Ülker, right side11 170 End of speed limit 70 km/h. Attention! There are no

speed limit sign when you are coming from Akyurt.11 170 17 Flashing light post, right side11 170-400 15 Speed limit 90 km/h Change the speed limit to 50 km/h11 650 20 Concrete poles, right side11 750-880 99 Bushes reducing sight distance in a bend, left side Remove the bushes11 880 Entrance/end of Altinova12 0 7 High embankment, left side12 40 99 Poor pedestrian crossing Apply horizontal markings12 50-250 3 Wide gravel shoulders, right side12 80-260 1 No shoulder on left side12 250 99 Pedestrian crossing Apply horizontal markings12 270 10 Undefined junction area12 280 99 Pedestrian crossing Apply horizontal markings12 290 17 Flashing light post, left side12 400-999 2,3 Both sides12 450-999 16 Speed limit 50 km/h Change the speed limit to 70 km/h13 0-50 16 Speed limit 50 km/h Change the speed limit to 70 km/h13 0-180 2,3 Both sides13 100 12 Many entrances, right side13 150 18 Trees, left side

19September 1999

Safety Audit

Example of road side hazard

20September 1999

Safety Audit

Example of road side hazard

21September 1999

Safety Audit

Example of road side hazard

22September 1999

Safety Audit

Example of road side hazard

23September 1999

Safety Audit

24September 1999

Safety Audit