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Session II Session II International and regional approaches to International and regional approaches to
regulatory cooperationregulatory cooperation
June 20, 2006June 20, 2006
Yuki HAYASHIYuki HAYASHI
Deputy directorDeputy directorInternational Standards and MRA Policy OfficeInternational Standards and MRA Policy OfficeMETI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)
JAPANJAPAN
Regulatory and standardization cooperationRegulatory and standardization cooperationamong APEC member economiesamong APEC member economies
2
Part I: Standards alignment work in APEC
Part II: Good Regulatory Practice
Part III: Trade Facilitation Task Force
Contents
4
Experiences in APECExperiences in APEC• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
is the forum for facilitating economic growth, cooperation, trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region.
• Established in 1989
• Non-binding • No treaty obligations• Decisions are reached by consensus
<Part I>
5
APEC membersAPEC members• 21 “Member Economies“
• Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; People's Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Peru; The Republic of the Philippines; The Russian Federation; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; United States of America; Viet Nam.
<Part I>
6
Purpose and goals Purpose and goals • To enhance economic growth
• Prosperity for the region
• To strengthen the Asia-Pacific community
• To reduce trade barriers across the Asia-Pacific region
<Part I>
7
The 'Bogor Goals' The 'Bogor Goals' • Adopted by Leaders in 1994.
• Free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific
• By 2010 for industrialized economies
• By 2020 for developing economies
<Part I>
8
APEC Business Advisory Council
(ABAC)
Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)
Working Groups (11)
EconomicCommittee
(EC)
Budget &Management
Committee (BMC)
Organization chart of APEC
Ministerial Meeting
Sectoral MinisterialMeetings
Leaders’ Meeting
Sub-Committee on Standards & Conformance (SCSC)
APEC Secretariat
Committee on Trade & Investment
(CTI)
Committee onECOTECH
(ESC)
<Part I>
9
SCSCSCSC((Sub-Committee on Standards & Conformance)Sub-Committee on Standards & Conformance)
• Established in 1994• To assist the CTI (Committee on Trade and
Investment)• To promote cooperation on standards and
conformance• To reduce negative effects on trade• To encourage greater alignment with
International Standards
<Part I>
10
SCSC’s working areaSCSC’s working area• Alignment with International Standards
• Recognition of Conformity Assessment
• APEC MRA
• Technical Infrastructure Development
• WTO/TBT and SPS
<Part I>
11
Alignment with Alignment with International StandardsInternational Standards
- Voluntary Action Plan (VAP) -- Voluntary Action Plan (VAP) -
Original four priority areas – completed in 2005
Additional priority areas – completed in 2005
E/E Equipment (IEC60335s and CISPR) Safety of IT Equipment (IEC60950s) Standards and guides on conformity assessment
and management systems
Electrical and Electronic AppliancesFood LabellingRubber ProductsMachinery
<Part I>
12
2005 VAP Alignment Results2005 VAP Alignment Results
All 16 economies
IT Equipment Safety (IEC60950s) All 16 economies
Standards and guides on conformity assessment and management systems
All 16 economiesE/E Equipment EMS (CISPRs)
All 16 economiesE/E Equipment Safety (IEC 60335s)
15 economiesMachinery
14 economiesRubber Products
All 16 economiesFood Labelling
15 economiesElectrical and Electronic Appliances
No. of economieswith 100% alignment
Area
Among the 21 APEC member economies, 16 economies have updated and submitted their alignment reports of 2005.
<Part I>
OriginalPriorityAreas
AdditionalPriorityAreas
13
Original Four Priority Areas (1)
2005, 95%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 76%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2004, 95%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 76%
2004, 75%
2004, 100%
2003, 88%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 74%
2003, 100%
2002, 79%
2002, 100%
2002, 82%
2002, 100%
2001, 68%
2001, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 80%
2001, 65%
2001, 100%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Australia
Brunei Darussalam
Canada
Chile
China
Hong Kong China
Eco
nom
y (
'01
-'0
5)
Achievement (%)
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001<Part I>
14
Original Four Priority Areas (2)
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2003, 86%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 95%
2002, 90%
2002, 100%
2002, 100%
2002, 63%
2002, 36%
2001, 79%
2001, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 58%
2001, 36%
2001, 53%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Indonesia
Japan
Korea
Malaysia
Mexico
New Zealand
Eco
nom
y (
'01
-'0
5)
Achievement (%)
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001<Part I>
15
Original Four Priority Areas (3)
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 80%
2005, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 88%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 84%
2003, 88%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 88%
2002, 86%
2002, 100%
2002, 100%
2001, 86%
2001, 100%
2001, 97%
2001, 95%
2001, 83%
2001, 100%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Peru
Philippines
Singapore
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
U.S.A
Viet Nam
Eco
nom
y (
'01
-'0
5)
Achievement (%)
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001<Part I>
16
Additional Priority Areas (1)
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 99%
2003, 100%
2002, 100%
2002, 100%
2002, 97%
2002, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 97%
2001, 89%
2001, 100%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Australia
Brunei Darussalam
Canada
Chile
China
Hong Kong China
Eco
nom
y (
'01
-'0
5)
Achievement (%)
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001<Part I>
17
Additional Priority Areas (2)
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 99%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2002, 100%
2002, 100%
2002, 100%
2002, 96%
2002, 69%
2001, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 96%
2001, 70%
2001, 99%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Indonesia
Japan
Korea
Malaysia
Mexico
New Zealand
Eco
nom
y (
'01
-'0
5)
Achievement (%)
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001<Part I>
18
Additional Priority Areas (3)
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2005, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 100%
2004, 71%
2004, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 100%
2003, 56%
2003, 99%
2002, 100%
2002, 100%
2002, 89%
2001, 97%
2001, 100%
2001, 100%
2001, 95%
2001, 13%
2001, 89%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Peru
Philippines
Singapore
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
U.S.A
Viet Nam
Eco
nom
y (
'01
-'0
5)
Achievement (%)
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001<Part I>
19
Japan’s Proposal on Japan’s Proposal on New VAP Alignment WorkNew VAP Alignment Work
• The results of the VAP survey showed a very high level of completion of alignment.
• Japan made a proposal for a new project for voluntary alignment based on 296 electrical standards used under the IECEE CB scheme with a target date of 2010 for alignment.
• The new target standards selected for the VAP are the standards which at least one economy adopted or referred to as technical regulations in its mandatory regime.
<Part II>
20
The New VAP Alignment WorkThe New VAP Alignment Work
1. As a first priority, only those standards that had been referenced under regulations in 2 or more economies would be included in the VAP survey from 2006.
2. This would reduce the number of standards to be reported on to 168.
3. At a later date, the SCSC could make a decision regarding remaining 128 standards.
<Part II>
After the discussions in SCSC, Japan modified its proposal as follows:
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The New priority areaThe New priority area<Part II>
start from 2006, target year is 2010
E/E Equipment used in IECEE/CB Scheme
The new VAP alignment work is now on going.
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Principles and FeaturesPrinciples and Features
• Since 1998, seminars and experts’ meetings have been held to discuss GRP.
• In September 2000, two basic principles of GRP and a description of the features of good regulation were agreed.
• They are non-binding and should be regarded as a reference document for regulatory policy makers.
<Part II>
24
Principles of GRPPrinciples of GRP
• Before implementing mandatory requirements alternative mechanisms should be considered.
• Those alternative mechanisms include: reliance on systems of legal recourse; liability
laws and liability insurance schemes; economic instruments such as taxes, fees and charges; education programs; co-regulation; voluntary standards; self-regulation; and codes of practice.
<Part II>
25
Features of Good RegulationFeatures of Good Regulation
• are transparent and non-discriminatory;• are performance based;• reference international standards or internationally
aligned standards where applicable, taking into account health, safety, technological, climate, developmental and other factors;
• reference only those standards, or parts there of, necessary to achieve the legitimate regulatory objective; and
• are subject to review to maintain flexibility and adaptability to modern needs.
Good regulations:
<Part II>
26
Information NotesInformation Notes• In 2000, SCSC also made “Information Notes on
GRP for Technical Regulations.”
• Since then, relevant seminars were held 5 times and accumulated case studies.
• Such studies are added to the information notes.
• APEC member economies feedback those information to their own policy makers.
<Part II>
28
Trade Facilitation Task Trade Facilitation Task ForceForce
• In 2005, SCSC decided to formalize the information exchange forum by creating a “Trade Facilitation Task Force (TFTF)” under the SCSC.
• TFTF promotes information exchange among the APEC member economies about their specific trade concerns.
• TFTF consists of two major pillars: One is the trade aspect and the other is the technical aspect.
<Part III>
29
TFTF’s Action Plan in 2006TFTF’s Action Plan in 2006• TFTF seminar on product related
environmental regulations
• A joint workshop between TFTF and CDSG (Chemical Dialogue Steering Group) will be planned in 2006
• Continue information exchange
• Complete the capacity building project entitled “E-learning on the practical use of the environmental product standards”
<Part III>
30
Yuki HAYASHIYuki HAYASHI
Deputy directorDeputy directorInternational Standards and MRA Policy OfficeInternational Standards and MRA Policy OfficeMETI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)
E-mail: hayashi-yuki@meti.go.jpE-mail: hayashi-yuki@meti.go.jp
Thank you very much!