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NATIONAL INSTITUTE
OF
OCEANOGRAPHY
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SCHEME OF PRESENTATIONSCHEME OF PRESENTATION
IntroductionIntroduction ResponsibilityResponsibility--National Maritime PolicyNational Maritime Policy Important Oceanic PhenomenaImportant Oceanic Phenomena
Services Offered by NIOServices Offered by NIO Departments in NIODepartments in NIO JournalJournal
ProjectsProjects ConclusionConclusion ReferencesReferences
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
AutonomousAutonomous bodybody establishedestablished inin 19811981 atat KarachiKarachi
AlsoAlso hashas aa researchresearch stationstation atat GwadarGwadar CoastCoast
ResearchResearch areaarea -- NorthNorth ArabianArabian SeaSea andand beyondbeyond ScopeScope extendsextends fromfrom atmosphereatmosphere toto oceanocean floorfloor &&
oceanocean bedbed
3030 scientistsscientists && 3939 supportsupport staffstaff
AccessAccess toto ResearchResearch VesselVessel "BEHR"BEHR PAIMAPAIMA
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NIONIO DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS
ProfessionalProfessional && technicaltechnical manpowermanpower DevelopmentDevelopment
DevelopmentDevelopment ofof institutionalinstitutional capabilitycapability
ManagementManagement capabilitycapability forfor marinemarine datadataacquisitionacquisition && processingprocessing
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RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIESNATIONAL MARITIME POLICYNATIONAL MARITIME POLICY
ProvideProvide technicaltechnical adviceadvice onon contaminantscontaminants andandresponsibleresponsible toto determinedetermine pollutantpollutant levelslevels
WorkWork outout detailsdetails ofof ICZMICZM inin consultationconsultation withwithconcernedconcerned Authorities,Authorities, NGOsNGOs etcetc
CarryCarry outout rere--evaluationevaluation // rere--assessmentassessment ofof oceansoceansrelatedrelated trainingtraining && researchresearch periodicallyperiodically
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IMPORTANT OCEANIC PHENOMENAIMPORTANT OCEANIC PHENOMENA
Monsoon & climatic changeMonsoon & climatic change
Upwelling & circulationUpwelling & circulation
Mixing of Red Sea & Gulf WaterMixing of Red Sea & Gulf Water Indus estuary & sedimentationIndus estuary & sedimentation
Submarine Indus ConeSubmarine Indus Cone
Murray Fracture ZoneMurray Fracture Zone
Makran Subduction MarginMakran Subduction Margin
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SERVICES OFFERED BY NIOSERVICES OFFERED BY NIO Marine Environment Protection & ConservationMarine Environment Protection & Conservation
Environment Audit & Impacts for Coastal DevelopmentEnvironment Audit & Impacts for Coastal DevelopmentProjectsProjects
Ecological Surveys, Water Quality Monitoring &Ecological Surveys, Water Quality Monitoring &
AssessmentAssessment
Environmental Sensitivity RankingEnvironmental Sensitivity Ranking
Dispersion & fate of EffluentsDispersion & fate of Effluents
Oil Pollution MonitoringOil Pollution Monitoring
Heavy Metal ContaminationHeavy Metal Contamination
Beach Protection and Seabed SurveysBeach Protection and Seabed SurveysContdContd
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Costal Zone ManagementCostal Zone Management
CoastalCoastal Dynamics,Dynamics, Waves,Waves, Currents,Currents, TidalTidal LevelLevel
MeasurementMeasurement && PredictionPrediction
TransportTransport && DispersionDispersion Modeling,Modeling, CoastalCoastalErosionErosion && SedimentSediment TransportTransport..
CoastalCoastal hydraulichydraulic SurveysSurveys forfor ConstructionConstruction ofofPorts,Ports, JettiesJetties && HarboursHarbours
SERVICES OFFERED BY NIOSERVICES OFFERED BY NIO
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TechnicalTechnical ServicesServices && FeasibilityFeasibility forfor developmentdevelopment ofofAquacultureAquaculture
CoastalCoastal ResourceResource Appraisal, Appraisal, CoastalCoastal ConstructionConstruction &&EnvironmentEnvironment ProtectionProtection
OceanographicOceanographic DataData ServicesServices
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DEPARTMENTSDEPARTMENTS -- NIONIO
Physical Oceanography DepartmentPhysical Oceanography Department
Geological and Geophysics DepartmentGeological and Geophysics Department
Chemical Oceanography & Marine EnvironmentChemical Oceanography & Marine EnvironmentDepartmentDepartment
Biological Oceanography DepartmentBiological Oceanography Department
Ocean Technology, Coastal Hydraulics & CoastalOcean Technology, Coastal Hydraulics & CoastalZone Management DepartmentZone Management Department
Antarctic Research CellAntarctic Research Cell
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PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHYPHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
Sea level changes & coastal water dynamicsSea level changes & coastal water dynamics
Distribution & structure of oceanic fronts in shelfDistribution & structure of oceanic fronts in shelfseasseas
Analysis of oceanic & tidal currentsAnalysis of oceanic & tidal currents
Tidal predictions for ports along Pakistan CoastTidal predictions for ports along Pakistan Coast
Spatial & temporal variations in coastal processesSpatial & temporal variations in coastal processes
Numerical modelingNumerical modeling
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GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICSGEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS
Geological processes & Geomorphology of coastalGeological processes & Geomorphology of coastalareasareas
Sedimentation & Sedimentary processes in IndusSedimentation & Sedimentary processes in IndusDelta & Makran MarginDelta & Makran Margin
GeoGeo--hazards & coastal environmenthazards & coastal environment Exploration of places for minerals / nonExploration of places for minerals / non--livingliving
resourcesresources
Identification / evaluation of potential areas forIdentification / evaluation of potential areas forhydrocarbon resources in EEZhydrocarbon resources in EEZ
Study subStudy sub--bottom strata for laying cables, pipelinesbottom strata for laying cables, pipelines& building coastal / offshore structures& building coastal / offshore structures
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CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHYCHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
DynamicsDynamics ofof chemicalchemical componentscomponents inin seasea water,water,sedimentsediment && marinemarine organismsorganisms
MonitoringMonitoring ofof heavyheavy metalmetal pollutantspollutants // chlorinatedchlorinatedhydrocarbonshydrocarbons inin coastalcoastal waterswaters
InfluenceInfluence ofof industrialindustrial / / municipalmunicipal wastewaste waterswaters ononmarinemarine environmentenvironment
DeterminationDetermination ofof assimilativeassimilative capacitiescapacities ofof receivingreceivingwaters,waters, developmentdevelopment ofof waterwater qualityquality criteriacriteria forfor
coastalcoastal waterswaters aroundaround municipalmunicipal andand industrialindustrial wastewastedischargedischarge pointspoints
EnvironmentalEnvironmental impactimpact assessmentassessment forfor coastalcoastal industryindustry
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BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHYBIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
SpatialSpatial / / temporaltemporal changeschanges inin breedingbreeding patternspatterns ofofmarinemarine organismsorganisms
PrimaryPrimary productivityproductivity inin coastalcoastal waterswaters
FoodFood webweb // MangroveMangrove ecosystemecosystem studiesstudies EcologicalEcological problemsproblems duedue toto industrialindustrial // recreationalrecreational
activitiesactivities
RearingRearing techniquestechniques forfor productionproduction ofof shrimpshrimp // fishesfishes
InventoryInventory // evaluationevaluation ofof livingliving resourcesresources
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OCEAN TECHNOLOGYOCEAN TECHNOLOGYCOASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENTCOASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
SystematicSystematic hydraulichydraulic andand hydrohydro--dynamicdynamic investigationinvestigation allallalongalong thethe coastcoast
DataData collectioncollection onon waves,waves, tides,tides, currentscurrents andand littorallittoraltransporttransport forfor coastalcoastal protection,protection, planningplanning ofof portsports etcetc
DevelopmentDevelopment ofof numericalnumerical modelsmodels ofof harbours,harbours, bays,bays, forforinvestigatinginvestigating tidaltidal heightsheights // andand currentcurrent effectseffects
OccupancyOccupancy andand pathpath ofof cyclonescyclones andand effecteffect ofof stormstormsurgessurges onon thethe coastcoast areare studiedstudied forfor evaluatingevaluating shoreshoreerosion,erosion, throughthrough numericalnumerical modelsmodels..
ContdContd
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Advice Advice establishmentestablishment ofof coastalcoastal industry,industry, intakeintake waterwatersystemsystem forfor nuclearnuclear plants,plants, heavyheavy industryindustry andand drainingdraining intointothethe seasea etcetc..
StudyStudy coastalcoastal morphologicalmorphological conditions,conditions, beachbeach profiles,profiles,coastalcoastal longlong--shoreshore forfor beachbeach stabilizationstabilization;; scalingscaling ofof
dredgeddredged harborsharbors andand sandsand accumulationaccumulation nearnear jetties jetties //coastalcoastal structuresstructures
DetermineDetermine suitablesuitable solutionssolutions forfor siltation,siltation, erosionerosion andandprotectionprotection problemsproblems
DeepDeep SeaSea fishingfishing andand DeepDeep SeaSea miningmining requirerequire specialspecialtechniquestechniques ee..gg.. forfor offoff shoreshore structures,structures, pipepipe--lines,lines,submarinesubmarine cablescables etc,etc, toto operateoperate thethe specializedspecialized geargear..
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ANTARCTIC RESEARCH CELLANTARCTIC RESEARCH CELL
GlobalGlobal significancesignificance forfor influencinginfluencing globalglobal weather,weather,potentialpotential forfor hugehuge nonnon--livingliving / / livingliving resourcesresourcesandand naturalnatural laboratorylaboratory forfor scientificscientific researchresearch
PakistanPakistan launchedlaunched twotwo expeditionsexpeditions && collectedcollectedusefuluseful environmentalenvironmental // oceanographicoceanographic datadata
PakistanPakistan isis maintainingmaintaining twotwo summersummer researchresearchstationsstations && oneone weatherweather observatoryobservatory
PlanningPlanning toto buildbuild aa fullfull fledgedfledged permanentpermanent basebase
ContdContd
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PolarPolar ResearchResearch CellCell isis establishedestablished withinwithin NationalNational InstituteInstitute
ofof OceanographyOceanography toto runrun AntarcticAntarctic researchresearch programmeprogramme
MainMain objectivesobjectives ofof PakistanPakistan AntarcticAntarctic programmeprogramme includeinclude::
UndertakeUndertake multimulti--disciplinarydisciplinary researchresearch // surveysurvey inin geology,geology,geophysics,geophysics, environmentalenvironmental researchresearch andand oceanographyoceanography
ParticipateParticipate inin internationalinternational scientificscientific programmesprogrammes
ProvideProvide relevantrelevant technicaltechnical informationinformation toto GovtGovt ofof PakistanPakistanonon AntarcticAntarctic affairsaffairs
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JOURNALJOURNAL
PublishesPublishes PakistanPakistan JournalJournal ofof Oceanography,Oceanography, aa biannualbiannualjournaljournal inin EnglishEnglish
PublishesPublishes originaloriginal researchresearch paperspapers onon allall aspectsaspects ofofoceanographyoceanography including,including, physical,physical, chemical,chemical, biological,biological,
geophysical,geophysical, geologicalgeological etcetc..
ProminentProminent oceanographersoceanographers areare alsoalso invitedinvited toto contributecontributetheirtheir experienceexperience oror researchresearch
OccasionallyOccasionally devoteddevoted toto collectionscollections ofof paperspapers &&exceptionalexceptional conferenceconference proceedingsproceedings
JournalJournal isis openopen toto allall oceanographersoceanographers ofof thethe worldworld
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INTERNATIONAL PROJECTSINTERNATIONAL PROJECTS
PakPak--USUS cooperativecooperative programmeprogramme inin oceanographyoceanography ofofArabianArabian SeaSea
InfluenceInfluence ofof oxygenoxygen minimumminimum onon geochemistrygeochemistry ofofArabianArabian SeaSea SedimentsSediments (PAKOMIN)(PAKOMIN) -- GermanyGermany
SurveySurvey ofof MalanMalan IslandIsland (off(off Makran)Makran) -- GermanyGermany
MakranMakran AccretionaryAccretionary wedgewedge offoff--Pakistan,Pakistan, TectonicTectonicevolutionevolution -- GermanyGermany
MarineMarine researchresearch programmeprogramme "CHAMAK"CHAMAK--WINMO"WINMO" --FranceFrance
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PROJECTS IN PROGRESSPROJECTS IN PROGRESS
ShortShort TermTerm ImpactImpact AssessmentAssessment ProgrammeProgramme forfor TasmanTasman SpiritSpiritOilOil SpillSpill -- PhasePhase 11
HydraulicHydraulic // hydrodynamichydrodynamic studystudy ofof BundalBundal IslandIsland
AcquisitionAcquisition ofof oceanographicoceanographic researchresearch vesselvessel
ExtensionExtension ofof ContinentalContinental ShelfShelf ofof PakistanPakistan fromfrom 200200 NMNM toto350350 NMNM
ContdContd
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StrengtheningStrengthening NIONIO forfor OceanOcean Technology,Technology, CoastalCoastal ZoneZone
ManagementManagement andand RemoteRemote SensingSensing
ImpactImpact ofof OilOil SpillSpill && BioBio--remedialremedial measuresmeasures onon marinemarineenvironmentenvironment alongalong CliftonClifton BeachBeach // adjoiningadjoining areasareas
EstablishmentEstablishment ofof multimulti--purposepurpose crustaceancrustacean hatcheryhatchery andandjumbojumbo shrimpshrimp farmingfarming
PakPak--EPAEPA MarineMarine WaterWater PollutionPollution MonitoringMonitoring CenterCenter atat NIONIO
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PROJECTS COMPLETEDPROJECTS COMPLETED
StudyStudy ofof heavyheavy metalmetal pollutionpollution level,level, itsits impactimpact onon FaunaFauna &&FloraFlora ofof KarachiKarachi // GwadarGwadar coastscoasts -- WWFWWF PakistanPakistan
Assessment Assessment ofof organicorganic pollutantspollutants inin marinemarine environmentenvironment ofofKarachiKarachi && adjoiningadjoining creekscreeks ofof IndusIndus DeltaDelta -- PesticidePesticide ActionActionNetworkNetwork NorthNorth AmericaAmerica && GlobalGlobal GreenGreen FundFund
PreliminaryPreliminary assessmentassessment ofof pesticidespesticides // DDTDDT contaminationcontamination ininmarinemarine environmentenvironment ofof KarachiKarachi && adjoiningadjoining GizriGizri / / KorangiKorangiCreeksCreeks -- WWFWWF PakistanPakistan
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BedBed LevelLevel surveysurvey ofof ShahShah SamandoSamando CreekCreek --WAPDAWAPDA
BiodiversityBiodiversity ofof planktonicplanktonic stagesstages ofof fishfish inin twotwomajormajor IndusIndus DeltaDelta CreeksCreeks -- WWFWWF PakistanPakistan
HydraulicHydraulic MonitoringMonitoring ofof TidalTidal LinkLink DrainDrain -- WAPDAWAPDA
FeasibilityFeasibility studystudy toto restorerestore andand developdevelop BundalBundalandand KhiprianwalaKhiprianwala IslandsIslands -- DHADHA
ImpactImpact assessmentassessment ofof CycloneCyclone 22A A onon coastalcoastalenvironmentenvironment ofof ThattaThatta // BadinBadin -- WWFWWF PakistanPakistan
ContdContd
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StudyStudy ofof riskrisk assessmentassessment ofof cyclonecyclone // stormstormsurgessurges onon ICIICI PlantPlant inin PortPort QasimQasim -- HeglerHegler BailyBaily(Pvt)(Pvt) LtdLtd
ImpactImpact assessmentassessment studystudy onon coastalcoastal zones,zones, seasealevellevel riserise / / monsoonmonsoon variationsvariations -- PakistanPakistanNationalNational CommunicationCommunication
HydrodynamicsHydrodynamics / / hydraulichydraulic studystudy ofof BundalBundalIslandIsland -- PNPN
HydrographicHydrographic / / environmentalenvironmental surveysurvey forfor 206206MWMW SteamSteam TurbineTurbine PlantPlant atat Gadani,Gadani, BalochistanBalochistan-- M/SM/S Star/ABBStar/ABB EnergyEnergy VentureVenture LimitedLimited
ContdContd
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HydrographicHydrographic surveysurvey forfor 134134 MWMW BargeBarge MountedMounted PowerPowerStationStation atat KorangiKorangi CreekCreek -- M/SM/S FarFar EastEast LevingstonLevingstonShipbuildingShipbuilding Limited,Limited, SingaporeSingapore
MarineMarine outfalloutfall studystudy forfor KarachiKarachi sewagesewage disposaldisposal -- AsianAsianDevelopmentDevelopment Bank,Bank, Manila,Manila, PhillippinesPhillippines forfor KWKW && SBSB
HydrographicHydrographic surveysurvey // hydraulichydraulic investigationinvestigation forfor feasibilityfeasibilitystudystudy ofof 350350 MWMW FEPCOFEPCO OilOil FiredFired PowerPower StationStation atat KhalifaKhalifaPoint,Point, Hub,Hub, BalochistanBalochistan -- M/SM/S FaujiFauji FoundationFoundation
CirculationCirculation dynamicsdynamics ofof NearNear shoreshore waterswaters Hub,Hub,BalochistanBalochistan -- M/SM/S INTEGINTEG InternationalInternational
ContdContd
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TopographicTopographic // hydrographichydrographic surveysurvey forfor CoalCoal FiredFiredPowerPower PlantPlant ProjectProject atat GadaniGadani -- WAPDAWAPDA
HydrographicHydrographic / / oceanographicoceanographic surveysurvey forfor PasniPasniFishFish HarbourHarbour -- EngineeringEngineering Consultant,Consultant, KarachiKarachi
FeasibilityFeasibility studiesstudies forfor extractionextraction ofof energyenergy fromfromcurrentcurrent andand haliohydrogravityhaliohydrogravity alongalong PakistanPakistanCoastCoast -- PakistanPakistan ScienceScience Foundation,Foundation, IslamabadIslamabad
HydraulicHydraulic monitoringmonitoring inin ShahShah SamandoSamando Creek,Creek,IndusIndus DeltaDelta
ContdContd
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StudyStudy ofof effluentseffluents effectseffects fromfrom PakistanPakistan SteelSteel onon creekcreekenvironmentenvironment
StudyStudy // controlcontrol ofof marinemarine befoulingbefouling problemproblem atat seawaterseawatersupplysupply // coolingcooling systemsystem ofof PakistanPakistan SteelSteel
FeasibilityFeasibility studystudy forfor marinemarine outfalloutfall forfor disposaldisposal ofof sewagesewage //wastewaste waterswaters ofof KarachiKarachi citycity
HydraulicHydraulic / / hydrodynamichydrodynamic studystudy forfor reclamationreclamation //developmentdevelopment ofof BundalBundal IslandIsland
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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
ExpansionExpansion ofof NIONIO toto optimallyoptimally toto exploitexploitoceanographicoceanographic resourcesresources
GraduateGraduate / / PostPost--GraduateGraduate coursescourses shouldshould bebeconductedconducted underunder BahriaBahria UniversityUniversity
SpecificSpecific researchresearch vesselsvessels shouldshould bebe acquiredacquired forforresearchresearch // forfor highhigh seasseas watchwatch
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REFERENCESREFERENCES
OfficialOfficial websitewebsite ofof MinistryMinistry ofof ScienceScience && TechnologyTechnology((wwwwww..mostmost..govgov..pkpk))
OfficialOfficial websitewebsite ofof NationalNational InstituteInstitute ofof OceanographyOceanography
((wwwwww..niopkniopk..govgov..pkpk))
NationalNational MaritimeMaritime PolicyPolicy ofof PakistanPakistan 20022002
OfficialOfficial websitewebsite ofof NationalNational OceanographyOceanography CenterCenter(www(www..nocnoc..acac..uk)uk)