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Simulation of Human Digestive System
Mavromatakis Jason , student A’ lykeiou ,2o lykeio ChaniaMavromatakis Jason , student A’ lykeiou ,2o lykeio Chania
Mavromatakis Georgios, Biologist, Teacher in Alikianos Gymnasium, Chania, CreteMavromatakis Georgios, Biologist, Teacher in Alikianos Gymnasium, Chania, Crete
EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE
““TEACHING SCIENCES IN SCHOOLS WITH CREATIVITY ANDTEACHING SCIENCES IN SCHOOLS WITH CREATIVITY AND
INNOVATION: TRANSFORMING THE THEORY INTO PRACTICE” INNOVATION: TRANSFORMING THE THEORY INTO PRACTICE”
Crete 6-11 December 2017Crete 6-11 December 2017
Simulation of Human Digestive System
The digestive system plays an important role in the operation of the The digestive system plays an important role in the operation of the
human body.human body.
It provides the body with It provides the body with energyenergy and and nutritional ingredientsnutritional ingredients . .
Students find it difficult to understand how the digestive system Students find it difficult to understand how the digestive system
fuctions because most of its parts are located inside the human body.fuctions because most of its parts are located inside the human body.
The simulation of the digestive system helps students to comprehend :The simulation of the digestive system helps students to comprehend :
1. The parts of the digestive system ( the course food follows into the 1. The parts of the digestive system ( the course food follows into the
human body )human body )
2. The liquids which take part in the digestion of the food .2. The liquids which take part in the digestion of the food .
3. The length of the small and large intestines.3. The length of the small and large intestines.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
The digestion process begins from the mouth where our teeth, in The digestion process begins from the mouth where our teeth, in
combination with saliva enzymes, begin to break up the food.combination with saliva enzymes, begin to break up the food.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
IncisorsIncisors
Using our incisors, we Using our incisors, we
cut the food .cut the food .
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Molars
Our molars mash up the Our molars mash up the
food .food .
Simulation of Human Digestive System
SalivaSaliva
Saliva is a watery substance formed in the Saliva is a watery substance formed in the
mouths of animals, secreted by the salivary mouths of animals, secreted by the salivary
glands.glands.
Human saliva comprises 99.5% water, plus Human saliva comprises 99.5% water, plus
electrolytes, mucus, white blood cells, electrolytes, mucus, white blood cells,
epithelial cells (from which DNA can be epithelial cells (from which DNA can be
extracted), glycoproteins, enzymes (such as extracted), glycoproteins, enzymes (such as
amylase and lipase), antimicrobial agents such amylase and lipase), antimicrobial agents such
as secretory IgA and lysozyme.as secretory IgA and lysozyme.
The enzymes found in saliva are essential in The enzymes found in saliva are essential in
beginning the process of digestion of dietary beginning the process of digestion of dietary
starches and fats.starches and fats.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
The bolus that has been The bolus that has been
formed will be driven to formed will be driven to
our stomach.our stomach.
When we swallow, our When we swallow, our
esophagus transports esophagus transports
our food to our stomach our food to our stomach
using muscle using muscle
contractions that contractions that
resemble a wave.resemble a wave.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
StomachStomach
The moment the bolus enters our The moment the bolus enters our
stomach, it is futher diluted due stomach, it is futher diluted due
to the acidic gastric fluid and to the acidic gastric fluid and
contractions of the stomach wall.contractions of the stomach wall.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
StomachStomach
Gastric acid, gastric juice or stomach Gastric acid, gastric juice or stomach
acid, is a digestive fluid formed in the acid, is a digestive fluid formed in the
stomach and is composed of hydrochloric stomach and is composed of hydrochloric
acid (HCl), potassium chloride (KCl) and acid (HCl), potassium chloride (KCl) and
sodium chloride (NaCl). sodium chloride (NaCl).
The acid plays a key role in digestion of The acid plays a key role in digestion of
proteins, by activating digestive enzymes, proteins, by activating digestive enzymes,
and making ingested proteins unravel so and making ingested proteins unravel so
that digestive enzymes break down the that digestive enzymes break down the
long chains of amino acids.long chains of amino acids.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Small intestineSmall intestine
The mixture that has been formed The mixture that has been formed
passes through the small intestine. passes through the small intestine.
Digestive fluid from the intestine Digestive fluid from the intestine
as well as the liver, gall blader and as well as the liver, gall blader and
pancreas disrupt food.pancreas disrupt food.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Small intestineSmall intestine
The small intestine is where most chemical The small intestine is where most chemical
digestion takes place.digestion takes place.
Many of the digestive enzymes that act in Many of the digestive enzymes that act in
the small intestine are secreted by the the small intestine are secreted by the
pancreas and liver and enter the small pancreas and liver and enter the small
intestine via the pancreatic duct. intestine via the pancreatic duct.
Pancreatic enzymes and bile from the Pancreatic enzymes and bile from the
gallbladder enter the small intestine in gallbladder enter the small intestine in
response to the hormone cholecystokinin, response to the hormone cholecystokinin,
which is produced in the small intestine in which is produced in the small intestine in
response to the presence of nutrients. response to the presence of nutrients.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Small intestineSmall intestine
The nutritional ingredients The nutritional ingredients
contained inside our food pass contained inside our food pass
through the intestinal villi into the through the intestinal villi into the
circulation of our blood.circulation of our blood.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Large intestineLarge intestine
Unnecessary substances continue Unnecessary substances continue
their way into the large intestine, their way into the large intestine,
where water becomes absorbed where water becomes absorbed
and food remains accumulate.and food remains accumulate.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Large intestineLarge intestine
Unnecessary substances are Unnecessary substances are
finally expelled from our body.finally expelled from our body.
Simulation of Human Digestive System
How long our small and our large intestines are???How long our small and our large intestines are???
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Small intestines is about 5.5mSmall intestines is about 5.5m
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Large intestines is about 2mLarge intestines is about 2m
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Simulation of Human Digestive System
Ευχαριστούμε
Simulation of Human Digestive System
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2. “Βιολογία ” Campbell , Reece , Παν.εκδ. Κρήτης2. “Βιολογία ” Campbell , Reece , Παν.εκδ. Κρήτης
3. “Ανθρώπινο Σώμα ” Steve Parker , εκδόσεις Π.Χ. Πασχαλίδης3. “Ανθρώπινο Σώμα ” Steve Parker , εκδόσεις Π.Χ. Πασχαλίδης
4. “Φιλοσοφία της Βιολογίας” Peter Godfrey- Smith . Παν.εκδ. Κρήτης4. “Φιλοσοφία της Βιολογίας” Peter Godfrey- Smith . Παν.εκδ. Κρήτης
5. “ Σε αναζήτηση σκοπού σε ένα κόσμο χωρίς σκοπό ”5. “ Σε αναζήτηση σκοπού σε ένα κόσμο χωρίς σκοπό ”
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6. Σχολικά βιβλία βιολογίας Γυμνασίου , Λυκείου 6. Σχολικά βιβλία βιολογίας Γυμνασίου , Λυκείου