Post on 06-Apr-2018
transcript
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 1/21
SkillsSkills
for thefor theDevelopment of Self Development of Self
Instructional/learning MultiInstructional/learning Multi--media materialsmedia materials
(SLIM)(SLIM)
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 2/21
What does a SLIM Designer Do?What does a SLIM Designer Do?
Determine what the learners need toDetermine what the learners need toknow (learning needs analysis)know (learning needs analysis)
Develop learning outcomesDevelop learning outcomes Plan assessment at the end of the coursePlan assessment at the end of the course
as well as during the courseas well as during the course
Allocate outcomes to various units of the Allocate outcomes to various units of thecoursecourse
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 3/21
What does a SLIM Designer Do?What does a SLIM Designer Do?
(Contd.)(Contd.)
Decide the kinds of activities needed to achieveDecide the kinds of activities needed to achievethe outcomes of the unit the outcomes of the unit
Decide the examples needed to enable learnersDecide the examples needed to enable learnerslearn each outcomelearn each outcome
Identify any graphics neededIdentify any graphics needed
Plan the self assessment needed for that unit Plan the self assessment needed for that unit
Write the unit Write the unit Test & evaluate the materialsTest & evaluate the materials
Revise to take account of the evaluation resultsRevise to take account of the evaluation results
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 4/21
Skills NeededSkills Needed
Analyse learning needs of learners and Analyse learning needs of learners andwrite Learning outcomes for the unit write Learning outcomes for the unit
Write sections and subWrite sections and sub--sectionssections Write intext questions for self Write intext questions for self
assessment/feedbackassessment/feedback
Summing UpSumming Up Designing Unit end exercisesDesigning Unit end exercises
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 5/21
What Are Learning Outcomes?
Statements of intent (what the learnershould be able to do as a result of studying the particular unit)
Learner competency/objectives relatedstatements
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 6/21
Types of ObjectivesTypes of Objectives
Objectives can be classified in manyObjectives can be classified in manydifferent waysdifferent ways
Benjamin Bloom identified three domainsBenjamin Bloom identified three domainsof objectives:of objectives:
--Cognitive Domain (Thinking)Cognitive Domain (Thinking)
--Affective Domain (Feeling) Affective Domain (Feeling)PsychoPsycho--motor Domain (Doing)motor Domain (Doing)
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 7/21
Cognitive DomainCognitive Domain
Cognitive Domain connected with thinking andCognitive Domain connected with thinking andknowledge is obviously the most important forknowledge is obviously the most important forSLIM Designers. There are six levels under thisSLIM Designers. There are six levels under this
domain:domain: K nowledgeK nowledge
Understanding/ComprehensionUnderstanding/Comprehension
Application Application
Analysis Analysis SynthesisSynthesis
EvaluationEvaluation
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 8/21
Characteristics of goodCharacteristics of good
Learning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesLOs should indicate the learner beahaviour at theLOs should indicate the learner beahaviour at theend of the unit. Objectives should be:end of the unit. Objectives should be:
-- SSpecificpecific
-- MMeasurableeasurable
-- A Achievablechievable
-- RRealisticealistic
-- TTimeime--boundbound(SMART)(SMART)
They should also be simple, clear and precise.They should also be simple, clear and precise.
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 9/21
Sources of ObjectivesSources of Objectives
Syllabus/Module/Unit outlines/Subject Syllabus/Module/Unit outlines/Subject Content Content
Nature/level of the Target GroupNature/level of the Target Group Skills/Attitudes to be developed/changedSkills/Attitudes to be developed/changed
Learning Objectives of the subject/courseLearning Objectives of the subject/course
Own Experience of the course/unit writerOwn Experience of the course/unit writer
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 10/21
Value of ObjectivesValue of Objectives
Enable SLIM Developers to:Enable SLIM Developers to:
Clarify educational intentionsClarify educational intentions
Identify and sequence content Identify and sequence content
Decide on most appropriate media (in case of Decide on most appropriate media (in case of multimulti--media materials)media materials)
Select the most appropriate activitiesSelect the most appropriate activities
Decide on suitable ways of assessing learningDecide on suitable ways of assessing learning Evaluate the effects & effectiveness of materialsEvaluate the effects & effectiveness of materials
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 11/21
Value of ObjectivesValue of Objectives
Advantages for Learners: Advantages for Learners:
Show them what is to be covered in the unit Show them what is to be covered in the unit (concepts to be learned, skills to be mastered)(concepts to be learned, skills to be mastered)
Present them with challenges ahead andPresent them with challenges ahead andstandards to be achievedstandards to be achieved
Enable them to evaluate themselves (assessEnable them to evaluate themselves (assess
own progress against objectives)own progress against objectives) Build their self confidenceBuild their self confidence
Prepare them for learning and examinationsPrepare them for learning and examinations
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 12/21
Write sections and subWrite sections and sub--sectionssections
Arouse attention and motivate Arouse attention and motivate
Link up with previous knowledgeLink up with previous knowledge
InIn--built guidance for learningbuilt guidance for learning
Activate Activate suggest activities for learning insuggest activities for learning inbetweenbetween
Provide feedback (through intext questions)Provide feedback (through intext questions)
Facilitate retention (tables, graphics, flowFacilitate retention (tables, graphics, flowcharts, etc. in between and summarizing at thecharts, etc. in between and summarizing at theend)end)
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 13/21
Writing ClearlyWriting Clearly
Use Familiar words in preference to less familiar.Use Familiar words in preference to less familiar.
Less familiar wordLess familiar word More familiar wordMore familiar word
FacilitateFacilitate HelpHelp
Attenuate Attenuate easeease
DetrimentalDetrimental HarmfulHarmful
InfluxInflux arrivalarrival
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 14/21
Use short sentences in preference to long,Use short sentences in preference to long,but not at the expense of cohesionbut not at the expense of cohesion
Do not use unnecessary words andDo not use unnecessary words andphrasesphrases
Highlight the key pointsHighlight the key points
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 15/21
Write in a logical orderWrite in a logical order
MethodMethod DetailDetail ExampleExample
HistoricalHistorical PresentingPresentingevents in theevents in theorder in whichorder in whichthey occurredthey occurred
The dayThe day--byby--day eventsday eventsfrom 28from 28June,1914 to 1June,1914 to 1
August , 1914, August , 1914,leading to theleading to theoutbreak of outbreak of the First Worldthe First World
WarWar
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 16/21
Give specific and concrete instancesGive specific and concrete instances
General/vagueGeneral/vague Specific/preciseSpecific/precise
Write a short answerWrite a short answer Write about 300Write about 300wordswords
Manny peopleManny people Around 65% of adults Around 65% of adults Very fast Very fast Over 150 K m/hrOver 150 K m/hr
Poor quality hingePoor quality hinge A hinge that breaks A hinge that breaksafter 500 flexingsafter 500 flexings
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 17/21
Prefer the positive to the negativePrefer the positive to the negative
Negative versionNegative version Positive versionPositive version
It is not a good ideaIt is not a good ideato ignore the warningto ignore the warning
signssigns
Pay attention to thePay attention to thewarning signswarning signs
The expert witnessThe expert witnessdid not contradict did not contradict what the accused saidwhat the accused said
The expert witnessThe expert witnesssupported what thesupported what thewitness saidwitness said
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 18/21
InIn--text questionstext questions
Provide feedback for self assessment Provide feedback for self assessment
Put in variety of questions: mainlyPut in variety of questions: mainly
objective and short answerobjective and short answer Questions should be based on theQuestions should be based on the
preceding section/subpreceding section/sub--sectionssections
Answers or hints be provided Answers or hints be provided
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 19/21
Summing UpSumming Up
Recapitulation of the whole unit Recapitulation of the whole unit
Highlight important pointsHighlight important points
Help in retentionHelp in retention Help in quick revisionHelp in quick revision
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 20/21
Unit end exercisesUnit end exercises
Meant for self assessment of learning afterMeant for self assessment of learning afterthe whole unit the whole unit
Variety of questions Variety of questions Essay type long questions may beEssay type long questions may be
includedincluded
Questions should be stated in clearQuestions should be stated in clearunambiguous languageunambiguous language
Ansers/hints may be provided Ansers/hints may be provided
8/3/2019 Skills for Development of Self Instructional Learning Multimedia Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/skills-for-development-of-self-instructional-learning-multimedia-materials 21/21
TH ANKTH ANKYOUYOU
Anita devraj Anita devraj