Second

Language

Acquisition

What is Second Langage Acquisition?

Focuses on the developing knowledge and use of a language by children and adults

who already know at least one other language.

What is Second Langage Acquisition?

Theoretical Importance

• How language is represented in te mind

• Difference between acquired and processed language

Practical Importance

• Language learning and effective teaching practices.

Theories of L2 learning

Linguistic Perspectives

• Universal Grammar• Monitor Theory

Psychlogical Perspectives

• Behaviourism• Cognitive Psychology• Connectionism• Multidimensonal Model

Interactionist Perspectives Sociocultural Perspectives

Linguistic Perspectives

Universal Grammar:

• Noam Chomsky

• Focus on underlying linuistic ‘competence’

Linguistic Perspectives

Monitor Theory:

• Stephen Krashen

• Check what is being spoken

• Self-correction

Psychlogical Perspectives

Behaviourism:

• All learning occurs through a process of imitation, practice, reinforcement and habit formation.

• Chomsky’s argument

Psychlogical Perspectives

Cognitive Psychology:

• Controlled processing

• Automatic processing

• Information processing

• Restructing

Psychlogical Perspectives

Connectionism:

• Networks

• Large number of linguistic units

Interactioist Perspective

• Through social interactions

• Krashen

Sociocultural Perspective

• Intimate relationship between culture and mind

• Through dialogic conversations

Developmental Sequences

• Stage 1: Pre-production

• Stage 2: Early-production

• Stage 3: Speech Emergence

• Stage 4: Intermediate Fluency

• Stage 5: Advanced Fluency

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