Post on 01-Jan-2016
transcript
Smart Card Technology & Features
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SmartSmart Card ??Card ?? The first smart card was developed The first smart card was developed
in 1974, by “in 1974, by “Roland MorenoRoland Moreno”” A smart card is a plastic card that is A smart card is a plastic card that is
embedded with either a microprocessor embedded with either a microprocessor or a memory chip. or a memory chip.
These smarts cards have the These smarts cards have the mechanism for storing and/or mechanism for storing and/or processing informationprocessing information. .
Different kinds of smart cardsDifferent kinds of smart cards
1. Integrated Circuit (IC) Microprocessor Cards
2. Integrated Circuit (IC) Memory Cards
3. Optical Memory Cards
(IC) Microprocessor Cards. (IC) Microprocessor Cards.
Also called as "chip cards“Also called as "chip cards“ The current generation of chip cards The current generation of chip cards
has an 8- BIT processor, 16KB ROM, has an 8- BIT processor, 16KB ROM, and 512 bytes of RAMand 512 bytes of RAM
Applications :Applications : stored value cardsstored value cards affinity cards affinity cards These cards can provide services :These cards can provide services : secure access to a networksecure access to a network cellular phones from fraudcellular phones from fraud
IC memory cardsIC memory cards
IC memory cards can hold up to IC memory cards can hold up to 1-4 1-4 KBKB of data, but have no processor of data, but have no processor
also known as the also known as the card-accepting card-accepting devicedevice
Applications like Applications like pre-paid phone pre-paid phone cardscards and also popular as high- and also popular as high-security alternatives to magnetic security alternatives to magnetic stripe cards. stripe cards.
Optical Memory CardsOptical Memory Cards Optical memory cards can store up Optical memory cards can store up
to 4 MB of data. But once written, to 4 MB of data. But once written, the data cannot be changed or the data cannot be changed or removedremoved
These cards have no processor in These cards have no processor in them (although this is coming in them (although this is coming in the near future)the near future)
This type of card is ideal for record This type of card is ideal for record keeping - for keeping - for example medical files, example medical files, driving records, or travel histories.driving records, or travel histories.
The chip componentsThe chip components
Central Processing Central Processing Unit (Unit (CPUCPU))
Read Only Memory Read Only Memory ((ROMROM))
Random Access Random Access Memory (Memory (RAMRAM))
Electrically Erasable Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Programmable Read Only Memory Only Memory ((EEPROMEEPROM))
Cryptographic algorithmsCryptographic algorithms Smart cards and Smart cards and
intelligent token uses intelligent token uses different types of different types of encryption systems. encryption systems.
SHA-1SHA-1, , RSARSA, , DESDES DES was published by DES was published by
the the National Bureau of National Bureau of StandardsStandards. It is a secret . It is a secret Key cryptographic Key cryptographic algorithm .algorithm .
Contact smart cardsContact smart cards
These smart card has up to 8 These smart card has up to 8 mechanical contacts .mechanical contacts .
1.1. VCCVCC - to supply voltage to the chip - to supply voltage to the chip
2.2. RSTRST -to reset signal -to reset signal
3.3. CLKCLK - for external clock signal - for external clock signal
4.4. GNDGND - for ground - for ground
5.5. VPP VPP –for high voltage signal–for high voltage signal
6.6. I/OI/O –to transfer data bet smart card –to transfer data bet smart card &the card reader&the card reader
7.7. RFURFU – Reserved for future use – Reserved for future use
Contact smart cards specifications:-Contact smart cards specifications:-
ROMROM RAMRAM EEPROMEEPROM FREQFREQ SPEED OF SPEED OF OPERATIONOPERATION
Cryptographic Cryptographic algorithmsalgorithms
Samsung Samsung mono chipmono chip
24 kb24 kb 512 bytes512 bytes 8kb8kb 100 nano 100 nano secondsseconds
Triple DESTriple DES
Hitachi Hitachi semiconducsemiconductorstors
32-64 kb 32-64 kb 1-3kb1-3kb 2.25-32.5 2.25-32.5 KbKb
13.56 13.56 MHZMHZ
Read 2.5 Read 2.5 ms Write ms Write msms
Hardware Hardware cryptographic cryptographic algorithmalgorithm
Contact-less smart cards Contact-less smart cards specificationsspecifications
ROMROM RAMRAM EEPROEEPROMM
FREQFREQ
MHZMHZSpeed of Speed of
OperatioOperationn
MsMs
Distance Distance CryptographiCryptographic algorithmsc algorithms
SamsungSamsung
Mono-chipMono-chip24 Kb24 Kb 512 512
BytesBytes8 kb8 kb 100 ns 100 ns 10 cm10 cm Triple DESTriple DES
M8KM8K 8 KB8 KB 13.5613.56 10 cm10 cm
RF-IDRF-ID .125-13.56.125-13.56 100 mm-100 mm-50 cm s50 cm s
Gem Easy Gem Easy 8000 series8000 series
8 kb8 kb 13.5613.56 Read 2.5 Read 2.5 Write 9Write 9
10 cm10 cm Hardware Hardware CryptographiCryptographic algorithmsc algorithms
Hitachi Hitachi SemiconductSemiconductors ors
32-64 32-64 kbkb
1.3 kb 1.3 kb 2.25-2.25-32.5 kb32.5 kb
Sub/add Sub/add 0.2 0.2
Mul/devMul/dev
1.41.4
Benefits of Smart CardsBenefits of Smart Cards A smart card can be used as a A smart card can be used as a highly secure highly secure
storagestorage for all kind of confidential information. for all kind of confidential information. It can be used as a electronic purse.It can be used as a electronic purse. The information on The information on smart card cannot be smart card cannot be
copiedcopied where as credit card ‘s magnetic stripe where as credit card ‘s magnetic stripe can easily be copied and then be misused.can easily be copied and then be misused.
It can be used as a It can be used as a secure token to secure token to authenticateauthenticate over the user’s computer and over the user’s computer and bank system.bank system.
Pay Phone, Health care, Identity Access, Pay Pay Phone, Health care, Identity Access, Pay TV, Gaming.TV, Gaming.
Intelligent TokensIntelligent Tokens Intelligent Tokens have their own battery as a Intelligent Tokens have their own battery as a
power supply .These batteries may last for 10 power supply .These batteries may last for 10 yearsyears
they also have stainless steel surrounding the they also have stainless steel surrounding the chipchip
This shell protects the chip against This shell protects the chip against environment changes and any attempt to environment changes and any attempt to attack the chip. attack the chip.
Some of the characteristics of the intelligent tokens
The risks of using smart cardsThe risks of using smart cards
1.1. Losing valueLosing value
2.2. Key compromiseKey compromise
3.3. Intelligent TokensIntelligent Tokens
Security of Intelligent tokensSecurity of Intelligent tokens
When software and PC hardware are When software and PC hardware are hacked, the keys remain safe in the hacked, the keys remain safe in the digitally and physically secure iButton digitally and physically secure iButton chipchip . .
The characteristics of both contact / The characteristics of both contact / contact-less smart cards are the same contact-less smart cards are the same with one difference that is the with one difference that is the distancedistance required by the contact-less smart cards required by the contact-less smart cards
RAMRAM is one of the major differences is one of the major differences between the Intelligent tokens and between the Intelligent tokens and smart cards smart cards
The The use of smart cardsuse of smart cards will increase in will increase in the future especially the contact-less the future especially the contact-less type and also the use of intelligent type and also the use of intelligent tokens.tokens.
Conclusion
Thank ’Q’Thank ’Q’