Soft Soil Stabilization using Nanomaterials

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SOFT SOIL STABILIZATION USING

NANO MATERIALS

PRESENTED BY : KANAV CHANDAN

MTECH GEOTECH. ENGG. (REGULAR)

UNIVERSITY ROLL NO. 1505673

CLASS ROLL NO. 2602/15

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF :

DR. SANJEEV NAVAL

(HEAD & ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING)

CONTENTS SOIL STABILIZATION CONVENTIONAL METHODS OF SOIL STABILIZATION MODERN TECHNIQUES OF SOIL STABILIZATION DEFINITIONS BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SOIL STABILIZATION USING NANO

MATERIALS DIFFERENT NANO MATERIALS USED

SOIL STABILIZATION Stabilization in a broad sense incorporates the various methods employed for

modifying the properties of a soil to improve its engineering performance.

Stabilization is being used for a variety of engineering works, the most common application being in the construction of road and airfield pavements, where the main objective is to increase the strength or stability of soil and to reduce the construction cost by making best use of locally available materials.

CONVENTIONAL METHODS OF SOIL STABILIZATION

Mechanical Stabilization Lime Stabilization Cement Stabilization Chemical Stabilization Bituminous Stabilization Thermal Stabilization Electrical Stabilization

MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR SOIL STABILIZATION

In modern time, some new techniques are used for stabilizing the soils. Some of these are:

Stabilization using Geo-synthetics, Geo-polymers etc.

Stabilization using Nano Materials.

DEFINITIONS Nanotechnology Science that revolves around the creation of a varied collection of nano materials &

nano particle along with nano objects. Nano material additives are used in soil improvement. They improve the Maximum Dry Density, Atterberg’s Limits, Compaction

Characteristics and Unconfined Compressive Strength of the soft soil. Nanometer A nanometer is a unit of spatial measurement that is 10-9 meter, or one billionth of a

meter.

DIFFERENT NANO MATERIALS USED

1.1 Nano Titanium Oxide (TiO2) and Nano Fly ash

1.2 Nano Clay

1.3 Nano Magnesium Oxide (MgO)

1.4 Nano Copper Oxide (CuO)

1.5 Nano Silica (SiO2)

1.1 STABILIZATION BY NANO FLY ASH & BY NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE

Following are the properties

Atterberg’s Limits

Compaction Characteristics

1.1.1 ATTERBERG’S LIMITS

Liquid Limit • PLASTIC LIMIT

Shrinkage limit

1.1.1 ATTERBERG’S LIMITS (CONT.)

1.1.2 COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS

• MDD

On adding Nanomaterials the Liquid Limit decreased from 150% to 49% in case of Nano Fly Ash and about 150% to 70% in case of Nano Titanium Dioxide.

On adding Nanomaterials the Plastic Limit decreased from 80% to 30% in case of Nano Fly Ash and 80% to 39% in case of Nano Titanium Dioxide.

On adding Nanomaterials the Shrinkage Limit decreased from 60% to 20% in case of Nano Fly Ash and about 60% to 18% in case of Nano Titanium Dioxide.

OMC decreased from 30% to 22% for Nano Fly Ash and 30% to 21% in case of Nano Titanium Dioxide.

On adding Nanomaterials the MDD increased from 1.360 g/cc to 1.430 g/cc in case of Nano Fly Ash and 1.360 g/cc to 1.400 g/cc in case of Nano Titanium Dioxide.

RESULTS FROM NANO FLY ASH & NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE

1.2 STABILIZATION BY NANO MAGNESIUM OXIDE

Atterberg’s Limits Compaction characteristics UCS

• OMC • MDD

1.2.3 UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (UCS)

On adding Nano MgO the Liquid Limit increased from 46% to 49%. On adding Nano MgO the Plastic Limit increased from 27% to 32%. On adding Nano MgO the Plasticity Index decreased from 19% to 17%. For 1st soil the OMC increased from 21.5% to 25.5% & for 2nd soil OMC

decreased from 24.75% to 22.5% on adding Nano MgO. For 1st soil the MDD increased from 14.40 kN/m3 to 14.50 kN/m3 & for 2nd soil

MDD decreased from 15.72 kN/m3 to 16.30 kN/m3 on adding Nano MgO. For 1st soil the UCS increased from 90 kPa to 88 kPa & for 2nd soil UCS increased

from 40 kPa to 120 kPa on adding Nano MgO.

RESULTS FROM NANO MgO

1.3 STABILIZATION BY NANO CLAY

• OMC • MDD

RESULTS FROM NANO CLAY

On adding Nano Clay the Liquid Limit increased from 46% to 49%. On adding Nano Clay the Plastic Limit increased from 27% to 32%. On adding Nano Clay the Plasticity Index decreased from 19% to 17%. For 1st soil the OMC increased from 21.5% to 25.5% & for 2nd soil OMC

decreased from 24.75% to 21.8% on adding Nano Clay. For 1st soil the MDD increased from 14.40 kN/m3 to 14.50kN/m3 & for 2nd soil

MDD decreased from 15.72 kN/m3 to 16.20 kN/m3 on adding Nano Clay. For 1st soil the UCS increased from 90 kPa to 80 kPa & for 2nd soil UCS increased

from 40 kPa to 130 kPa on adding Nano Clay.

1.4 STABILIZATION BY NANO COPPER

• OMC • MDD

RESULTS FROM NANO Cu

On adding Nano Cu the Liquid Limit increased from 46% to 48%. On adding Nano Cu the Plastic Limit increased from 27% to 29%. On adding Nano Cu the Plasticity Index remains same. For 1st soil the OMC increased from 21.5% to 26.2% & for 2nd soil OMC

decreased from 24.75% to 22.5% on adding Nano Cu. For 1st soil the MDD increased from 14.40 kN/m3 to 14.75 kN/m3 & for 2nd soil

MDD remains same on adding Nano Cu. For 1st soil the UCS increased from 90 kPa to 70 kPa & for 2nd soil UCS increased

from 40 kPa to 270 kPa on adding Nano Cu.

1.5 STABILIZATION BY NANO SILICA

LIQUID LIMIT

1.5.1 ATTERBERG’S LIMITS SHRINKAGE LIMIT

• OMC • MDD

RESULTS FROM NANO SILICA

For 1st soil Liquid Limit changes from 51% to 56% & for 2nd soil Liquid Limit changes from 39% to 42% on adding Nano Silica.

For 1st soil Shrinkage Limit changes from 9% to 15.9% & for 2nd soil Shrinkage Limit changes from 8.6% to 13% on adding Nano Silica.

For 1st soil the OMC increased from 17% to 22% & for 2nd soil OMC decreased from 15% to 19% on adding Nano Silica.

For 1st soil the MDD increased from 1.64 g/cc to 1.59 g/cc & for 2nd soil MDD decreased from 1.80 g/cc to 1.7 g/cc on adding Nano Silica.

For 1st soil the UCS increased from 0.141 N/mm to .221 N/mm & for 2nd soil UCS increased from 0.126 N/mm to 0.187 N/mm on adding Nano Silica.

CONCLUSIONS It may be concluded that Nano materials improve the properties of soft

soils by decreasing their Atterberg;s Limits, increasing MDD and UCS.

Addition of even small quantity of these materials can stabilize a large quantity of soil because of their more surface area

Soft Soil Stabilization using Nanomaterials

Engineering