Post on 06-Apr-2018
transcript
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
1/56
SOUTHEAST ASIAAn Introduction to our Common Challenges and Opportunities
An SS2 Synthesis and Final Projectby Martin Benedict Perez, Social Sciences, Philippine Science High School
One Vision, One Identity,
One Sharing and Caring Community.The ASEAN Slogan
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
2/56
PART ONE
THE MODEL ASEANA simulation of the modern interaction of states, regions, and international organizations
PART TWO A HISTORY OF SOUTHEAST ASIAA synthesis of our course as seen through the story of the Southeast Asian region
1. Ancient Roots
2. Colonies and Crosses
3. Struggle For Modernity
PART THREE NATIONALISM AND GLOBALISMA look at the challenges and opportunities that beset the 21st century
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
3/56
PART ONE THE MODEL ASEANA simulation of the modern interaction of states, regions, and international organizations
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
4/56
This project is inspired by the Model United Nations.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
5/56
3 THINGS TO REMEMBER GOING FORWARD
The Model ASEAN is about the
world today.
It is also your final stage to show
me what you can do.
And above all, it is about working
together.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
6/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
7/56
From the East-West Debates From the Middle East Summit You define the
problem.
You pick your side.
You debate as much
or as little as you
want.
You will all role play.
You define your goals,
individually and as a
class.
You are not playing a
game.
You will focus oncooperation.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
8/56
By the end of the activity, the class will 1. Write, draft, and vote on three primary ASEAN resolutions for
each of the main issue areas:
Peace, order, and security Climate change and resource management Economic and social development
2. Address the problems and concerns of the member states
through various mechanisms provided by the ASEAN Charter.
3. Provide an appropriate response to dialogue partners and
international organizations while pursuing the interests of the
ASEAN.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
9/56
PEACE, ORDER &
SECURITY
CLIMATE CHANGE &
RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
& HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
Border conflicts
Neoimperialism
Terrorism
Ongoing wars
Insurgencies
Secessionist movements
Organized crime
Black markets
Maritime piracy
Global warming
Food security
Biodiversity
Deforestation
Illegal mining
Foreign ownership ofnatural resources
Investment in green
technology
Education
Healthcare
Government inefficiency
Dwindling life
expectancies
Human rights
Plight of refugees
Human capital flight
Piracy
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
10/56
ASEAN +3 Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia,
Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam,China, Japan, South Korea (n=13)
DIALOGUE
PARTNERS
United States of America, European Union, Australia,
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Papua New Guinea,
Timor Leste, North Korea (n=9)
INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS
Asian Development Bank (ADB), Freedom House,
Human Rights Watch, Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC), World Bank (WB), World Food
Programme (WFP), United Nations Development
Program (UNDP), United Nations Educational,Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO),
United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) (n=9,
randomized)
THE ASEAN Secretary-General, Deputy Secretary-General (n=2)
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
11/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
12/56
DOCUMENTS
NOW ONLINE
The Model ASEAN Protocoland Guidelines
The Model ASEAN Speech
Guide
The ASEAN Charter
Country Briefing Template
Working Paper Template
Project Guides
Just visit:The Model ASEANResource Center @sirmartin.wordpress.com
Feb 14 to 18 Lectures on Southeast AsiaReadings: Chapter 26 and 34
FIRST DRAFTS of your paper requirements are
welcome during this week. Ill e-mail you feedback andpossible revisions on your work so you can get the
highest score possible.
Meeting with Sec-Gens, Deputies and Chairmen:
CA, CH, JM (Wed 12-1240) / IL, DA (Thurs 1120-12)
Feb 21 to 24 1st meeting: Long Test #2Study: ASEAN Charter, Map of SEAsia, chapters from
The Emergence of Modern Southeast Asia
2nd meeting: Model ASEAN Orientation by Sec-Gen,
Deputy and ASEAN Chair
3rd meeting (if available): Pre-ASEAN Caucus Time
DEADLINE (Feb 24): Country Briefing for ASEAN+3
and Dialogue Partners, ASEAN Briefing for Sec-Genand Deputy, Draft 1 of the Working Paper for
International Organizations
Feb 28 toMarch 4
1st meeting: Start of Model ASEAN activities(Model ASEAN will consume all 3 meetings this week)
Mar 7 to 11 March 7 to 9: Exam weekCoverage for SS2: Middle East and Southeast Asia
Lectures and Presentations (50-points Multiple Choice)
March 10/11: Final Day for Model ASEAN
March 15 Synthesis Paper due
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
13/56
0.70 CLASS STANDING0.30 LONG TEST COMPONENT
0.15 LT #1: Middle East Summit DONE
0.15 LT #2: The Model ASEAN Week of February 21
0.30 PROJECT: The Model ASEAN Starting February 28
0.25 Quizzes Throughout the Quarter
0.15 Participation and Recitation Throughout the Quarter
0.30 PERIODIC EXAM0.15 EXAM PROPER During Exam Week
0.15 SYNTHESIS PAPER After last ASEAN session
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
14/56
Week 1 (31 January to 4 February)Chapter 15: Sec 1 (for refresher), Sec 2 (pre-lecture)
Week 2 (14 to 18 February)Chapter 26: Sec 1 and 2 onlyChapter 34: Sec 1 to 4 (whole chapter)
Week 3 (21 to 24 February)Long Test #2: Map of Southeast Asia, The ASEANCharter, Special readings from A Modern History of
Southeast Asia
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
15/56
PART TWO HISTORY OF SOUTHEAST ASIAA synthesis of our course as seen through the story of the Southeast Asian region
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
16/56
The name Southeast Asia was popularized during World War II when
territories south of the Tropic of Cancer were placed under Lord LouisMountbattens Southeast Asia command.
British scholars then called it
Greater India; the French called
it LInde Exterieure (IndianizedStates)
Chinese texts called it Kun Lun
or Nan Yang (Little China)
Geographers called it Indo-
Pacificoreven Indo-China
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
17/56
Two main geographical regions: peninsular (mainland) and insular (island)
Peninsular Southeast Asia is
noted for its diverse mountains
and rivers that run north-south.
Along with Malaysia, the
Philippines and Indonesian islandconstitute the Malay world.
AGRARIAN KINGDOMS
MARITIME KINGDOMS
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
18/56
While the mainland is
ethnically diverse, the
ethnicity of insularSoutheast Asia is
dominantly Malay.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
19/56
There are about 2 million Indians in Southeast Asia;
the Chinese are about 7 times that. The Chinese are
a majority in Singapore and a significant minority in
almost every other country.
THE INDIANS THE CHINESE
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
20/56
PART TWO.1 ANCIENT ROOTSFrom early kingdoms to the height of empires
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
21/56
In 1891, Dutch paleoanthropologistEugene Dubois, discovered fossils
that resembled neither man nor ape.
Its closest resemblance would be
with Neanderthal which wasdiscovered 40 years prior.
Neanderthal first appeared 130,000
years ago.
What Dubois didnt realize at the time
though was that his find was much
older. Java Man is now dated to have
lived 500,000 to 1,000,000 years ago.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
22/56
Like the Philippines, most Southeast Asian nations lack rich,
written accounts of their pre-colonial past. Majority of the
evidence remains largely archaeological.
But what they do have is telling: By around
1500BCE, Southeast Asia was in the Bronze Age.
Of these Bronze Age cultures, the Dong-Son found inVietnam is perhaps the most established.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
23/56
Large-scale penetration of Indian and Chinese influence
began about two to three centuries after the first empiresin India and China.
ASHOKA
(276-239BCE)
QIN SHIH HUANGDI (221-210BCE)
India was primarily a conduit of trade and cultural
exchange. Vaishyas actively traded with early
Southeast Asian cities, and Brahmin were called on
by kings for political advice and spiritual guidance.Commerce also provided a link for Persians and
Arabs to Southeast Asia.
China was an imperialist. They were seen as
politically superior. Starting during the time of theHan, it sought to weaken the barbarians by
extracting tribute and sending their armies on
periodic raids. Their on-and-off conquest of Annam
(Vietnam) defined that countrys history.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
24/56
The Angkor Wat temple complex isperhaps the most iconic image of the
Indianization of Southeast Asia. It is a
temple dedicated to Vishnu, and an
altar to transport the spirit of its king,
Suryavarman II, to heaven.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
25/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
26/56
In 111BCE, Annam was conquered by Han
armies. They would be under Chinese rulefor a thousand years.
As the rest of the region adopted Hinduism
and Theravada Buddhism, Vietnam turned
Confucian and Mahayana Buddhist.
Though they achieved independence from
China in 939 as the Tang weakened, their
ties remained strong.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
27/56
While kingdoms on mainland Southeast Asia relied primarily on agriculture,
kingdoms and empires in insular Southeast Asia relied on something else.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
28/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
29/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
30/56
PART TWO.2 COLONIES AND CROSSESThe Age of Imperialism comes to Southeast Asia
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
31/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
32/56
We likened it to a seismic shift in world history.We distinguished between two waves: one from
1500s to 1700s, the other from the 1800s to
1900s.
We established that there were four forms: the
colony, protectorate, concession, and the sphere of
influence.
You debated three events and adopted competing
perspectives to explore the complexity of the
issues during the Age of Imperialism.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
33/56
We linked the Age of Imperialism with the Rise of
Nationalism, particularly in the context of Middle
East Conflict.
We saw how nationalism can be a response to
imperialism and discussed how nationalist
movements can be concerned about economic
equity and social justice.
And by touching on the Cold War weve seen the
emergence of neo-imperialism.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
34/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
35/56
MINDFUL of the existence ofmutual interests and common problems among countries of
South-East Asia and convinced of the need to strengthen further the existing bonds of regional
solidarity and cooperation;
DESIRING to establish a firm foundation for common action to promote regional
cooperation in South-East Asia in the spirit of equality and partnership and thereby contribute
towards peace, progress and prosperity in the region;
CONSCIOUS that in an increasingly interdependent world, the cherished ideals of peace,
freedom, social justice and economic well-being are best attained by fostering good
understanding, good neighbourliness and meaningful cooperation among the countries of
the region already bound together by ties of history and culture;
CONSIDERING that the countries of Southeast Asia share a primary responsibility for
strengthening the economic and social stability of the region and ensuring their peaceful and
progressive national development, and that they are determined to ensure their stability and
security from external interference in any form or manifestation in order to preserve theirnational identities in accordance with the ideals and aspirations of their peoples;
AFFIRMING that all foreign bases are temporary and remain only with the expressed
concurrence of the countries concerned and are not intended to be used directly or indirectly
to subvert the national independence and freedom of States in the area or prejudice the
orderly processes of their national development;
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
36/56
PEACE, ORDER &
SECURITY
CLIMATE CHANGE &
RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
& HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
Border conflicts
Neoimperialism
Terrorism
Ongoing wars
Insurgencies
Secessionist movements
Organized crime
Black markets
Maritime piracy
Global warming
Food security
Biodiversity
Deforestation
Illegal mining
Foreign ownership ofnatural resources
Investment in green
technology
Education
Healthcare
Government inefficiency
Dwindling life
expectancies
Human rights
Plight of refugees
Human capital flight
Piracy
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
37/56
1. Colonies were seen as properties with the sole purpose
of 'making money'. Asia's share of world GDP: 60%(1800), 20% (1940). In 1925, 51% of all imports to India
came from Britain, 22% of India's exports went to Britain.
2. Colonies ran huge monopolies of export crops (ie. opium,tobacco) that did not benefit the colony.
3. Infrastructure development (roads, trains, bridges,
buildings) was suited to the needs of the imperialists.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
38/56
1. Social dislocation occurred. Either people gained new
status or the old stratifications were reinforced. Case inpoint: land privatization and the creation of landed classes
and marginalized populations.
2. Education was not made to match those available to thedominators. (Most remained illiterate.) If ever available,
public education was seen as a form of cultural
imperialism.
3. Overpopulation ran unchecked. Economic development
did not keep up with the rising population.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
39/56
1. Geographic realignment occurred. New borders were
created (the countries in the former French Indo-China),unmarked territories are now disputed (Spratly's) and
minorities were formed (Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia).
2. The entrance of liberal ideas led to nationalistmovements, republican governments, and democratic
aspirations.
3. A European-style state (with bureaucracy, representation
and taxation) was imposed on an Asian culture that is
deferent to authority, reliant on familial networks, and the
good of the group is placed over the good of the
individual.
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
40/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
41/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
42/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
43/56
PART TWO.3 STRUGGLE FOR MODERNITYSoutheast Asia rushes to the 21st century
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
44/56
WATCH:HANS ROSLING
presents
ASIAs RISE: HOW
AND WHEN?
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
45/56
Inequality. Will the developing world make thenecessary social investments in health, education, and
infrastructure to bring their people into prosperity?
Climate change. The developing world will beimportant partners in solving climate change but is it fair
to make them pay for a problem the industrial countries
caused?
War. How will the worlds powers react to a worldwhere influence and wealth are tilting back towards Asia?
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
46/56
PART THREE NATIONALISM & GLOBALISMAn analysis of our coming challenges and opportunities
BONUS SLIDES
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
47/56
As presented in The End of Poverty by Jeffrey Sachs (2005)
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
48/56
As presented in The End of Poverty by Jeffrey Sachs (2005)
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
49/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
50/56
Observations about modern economic growth:
All regions were poor in 1820
All regions experienced economic progress
Todays rich regions experienced by the far the
greatest economic progress
In investigating the gap between rich and poor then,
the question becomes: Why do different parts of
the world grow at different rates?
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
51/56
Why do different parts of the world grow at different
rates? Here are some possibilities.
1. Physical geography
2. Government failure3. Cultural barriers
4. Geopolitics
5. Lack of innovation
6. Demographic trap
7. Poverty trap
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
52/56
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
53/56
I don't really consider this a political issue,
I consider it to be a moral issue. - Al Gore
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
54/56
It's difficult to get a man to understand something
if his salary depends upon his not understanding it.
Upton Sinclair via Al Gore
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
55/56
The current climate crisis is seen mostly as the product
of the developed economies. Why should developing
countries pay the price for something that isnt their fault?
8/2/2019 Southeast Asia and Model Asean
56/56
WATCH:PARAG KHANNA
presents
THE FUTURE OFCOUNTRIES