transcript
- Slide 1
- SPE Distinguished Lecturer Program The SPE Distinguished
Lecturer Program is funded principally through a grant from the SPE
Foundation. The society gratefully acknowledges the companies that
support this program by allowing their professionals to participate
as lecturers. Special thanks to the American Institute of Mining,
Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) for its contribution
to the program. Society of Petroleum Engineers Distinguished
Lecturer Program www.spe.org/dl
- Slide 2
- Robert H. Hite Shell International E&P Society of Petroleum
Engineers Distinguished Lecturer Program www.spe.org/dl A
Twenty-Five Year Perspective on Use of Pressure Transient
Analysis
- Slide 3
- 3 Whats in the Title? Twenty-five Years
- Slide 4
- 4 1983 Tektronix 4014 Pressure Analysis Workstation PAWS Cost
72,000 USD
- Slide 5
- 5 Log-Log Diagnostic Plot Bourdet 1983 Bourdet, D., et al., A
New Set of Type Curves Simplifies Well Test Analysis, World Oil,
May, 1983, 95-106.
- Slide 6
- 6 Whats in the Title? Twenty-five Years Use of Pressure
Transient Analysis (PTA) This lecture illustrates how we have used
PTA in the last 25 years. By understanding that, you can use this
technology better in the future.
- Slide 7
- 7 The Three Big Questions Why do we do it? How can we do it
better? Whats the big picture?
- Slide 8
- 8 Why Do We do Well Tests? Fluids - (gas or oil, PVT, surface
processing issues, pipeline design) Rate - Reservoir (permeability)
Rate - Completion (skin, length, conductivity) Continuity -
(compartments, drainage area, nearby boundaries)
- Slide 9
- 9 Rationales for Exploratory and Appraisal Well Tests 1993
Shell Case Studies Rate Reservoir Fluids Rate Completion
Continuity
- Slide 10
- 10 127 hrs. of infinite- acting radial flow 1 foot Continuity
Well Testing Thin-Beds Tahoe SPE 24875 by C.D. White, et al.
- Slide 11
- 11 Skin Analyses on Gulf of Mexico Wells
- Slide 12
- 12 Skin Analyses on Gulf of Mexico Wells
- Slide 13
- 13 Permanent Downhole Pressure Dataset Pressure (psia) q
(stb/d) 2001200320022004 Year
- Slide 14
- 14 Optimum Value Testing Flare 1991 Produce Liquids to Tanker
2001 Wireline Formation Tester & Closed System 2003
- Slide 15
- 15 Wireline Formation Tester Mini Drill Stem Test tool on Pipe
Probe Module Packer Module 1 m 2 m Another observation probe
possible at 4.5 or 7m Observation while Producing Producing
Interval
- Slide 16
- 16 Distribution of Perm, 53-ft Thickness, K avg = 106 md Red
Producing Zone Gray Observation Probes
- Slide 17
- 17 How does Perm-Thickness Change? Lab Data Set 1 Lab Data Set
2 K*H reduction more severe than lab data. Probably loss of H.
- Slide 18
- 18 What is a horizontal well? SPE 104480 by P.S. Fair
- Slide 19
- 19 Varying Numbers of Beds in 88- degree Slant Well Early
Radial Flow Pseudo- Radial Flow Linear Flow SPE 104480 by P.S.
Fair
- Slide 20
- 20 Varying Numbers of Beds in 88- degree Slant Well Early
Radial Flow Pseudo- Radial Flow Linear Flow SPE 104480 by P.S.
Fair
- Slide 21
- 21 Summary and Conclusions Why do we do it? Pie chart 21-test
1993-lookback Continuity test - thin beds Skin distributions How
can we do it better? Permanent downhole gauges for well and
reservoir management Wireline Formation Tester cheaper and safer
but more information
- Slide 22
- 22 Summary and Conclusions Whats the big picture? PTA results
versus petrophysical lab perm data Geological layering for accurate
interpretation of horizontal wells Most examples are from Gulf of
Mexico but principles are universal.
- Slide 23
- 23 Backup & Extras
- Slide 24
- 24 Estimation of PTA Perm from Petrophysical Data
- Slide 25
- 25 Rationales for Exploratory and Appraisal Well Tests 1993
Shell Case Studies Rate Reservoir Fluids Rate Completion
Continuity
- Slide 26
- 26 Shell Offshore Inc. Average Ultimate Recovery Mensa Mars
Auger Ram Powell Popeye
- Slide 27
- 27 1999 Deepwater Initial Well Rates
- Slide 28
- 28 Optimal Value Testing What is it? New in toolbox Wireline
formation test Closed system test Injection test Fit for purpose
with lowest cost and HSE impact Any test where hydrocarbons are not
produced directly to surface `
- Slide 29
- 29 Comparison of Permeability Estimates
- Slide 30
- 30 Sequential BUs Showing Loss of H Acid Jobs
- Slide 31
- 31 Pseudo-Skin Factors for Slant Wells SPE 104480 by P.S.
Fair
- Slide 32
- 32 Holistic Well Testing All of the input data All of the
gauges All of the build-up All of the build-ups All of the
production history All of the non-well test data Operational
Petrophysical Geological